Title: Openness of innovation systems through global innovation networks: a comparative analysis of firms in developed and emerging economies

Authors: Helena Barnard; Cristina Chaminade

Addresses: GIBS, University of Pretoria, 26 Melville Road, Illovo, Johannesburg, South Africa ' Department of Economic History, School of Economics and Management, Lund University, P.O. Box 7083, 22007 Lund, Sweden

Abstract: In the last decade, we have witnessed an unprecedented growth in the globalisation of innovation activities and more specifically, of global innovation networks (GINs) extending into middle-income countries. However, hitherto most of the literature is either theoretical or based on a handful of cases. We do not know what are the different forms of openness through networks in which firms participate whether in terms of the various degrees of global scope, innovativeness and network scope or other key characteristics. This exploratory paper provides empirical evidence of the different forms of openness through global innovation networks used by firms located in mature and emerging innovation systems. The paper relies on survey-based firm-level data collected in five European countries plus Brazil, South Africa, India and China.

Keywords: open national innovation systems; globalisation; global innovation networks; GINs; Europe; South Africa; Brazil; China; India.

DOI: 10.1504/IJTLID.2017.087426

International Journal of Technological Learning, Innovation and Development, 2017 Vol.9 No.3, pp.269 - 292

Received: 17 Feb 2017
Accepted: 17 Feb 2017
Published online: 15 Oct 2017 *

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