Title: Advanced control strategy for a wind-hydrogen-battery standalone microgrid under distribution line fault conditions

Authors: Pothula Jagadeesh; Asapu Siva; Patil Mounica; Md. Azahar Ahmed

Addresses: Department of EEE, SRKR Engineering College, Bhimavaram, India ' Department of EEE, Shri Vishnu Engineering College for Women, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India ' Department of EEE, Vardhaman College of Engineering, Hyderabad, Telangana, India ' Department of EEE, SRKR Engineering College, Bhimavaram, India

Abstract: Standalone wind-based microgrids are gaining traction for remote and resilient power systems. To enhance power continuity and reliability, this work integrates a wind turbine generator (WTG) with battery energy storage, an aqua-electrolyser (AE), and a fuel cell (FC). A novel control strategy is proposed comprising: 1) a modified maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm that ensures sustained wind energy harvesting post-fault; 2) an advanced inverter controller that actively limits fault current through inverter legs during distribution line faults. These coordinated controls improve system stability, protect components, and maintain power quality. The strategy is validated through MATLAB-Simulink simulations and real-time digital simulator (RTDS) results. Quantitatively, the proposed system reduces fault current magnitudes by up to 92%, maintains voltage THD below 4% during faults, and ensures seamless load support. The results confirm the effectiveness and novelty of the proposed control approach in enhancing fault tolerance and operational efficiency in wind-hydrogen-battery microgrids.

Keywords: renewable energy sources; faults; wind power conversion system; electrolyser; battery; RTDS; fuel cell.

DOI: 10.1504/IJPT.2025.149513

International Journal of Powertrains, 2025 Vol.14 No.3, pp.264 - 276

Received: 24 Apr 2025
Accepted: 01 Jul 2025
Published online: 04 Nov 2025 *

Full-text access for editors Full-text access for subscribers Purchase this article Comment on this article