Title: Precise force measurement in wind tunnels using two-axis asymmetric load cells

Authors: Ahmet Görgülü

Addresses: Eti Gıda Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş., Kızılcıklı Mahmut Pehlivan Cd., No. 11 Eti Plaza 26110 Tepebaşı-Eskişehir, Türkiye

Abstract: Accurate aerodynamic force measurement is crucial for reliable design validation in aerospace and defiance applications. Traditional measuring systems using springs, bearings, or counterweights often suffer from friction, residual forces, and alignment errors, reducing sensitivity and repeatability, especially in low-force scenarios. They also disrupt airflow and complicated sealing when placed inside the wind tunnel. To overcome these challenges, a novel measurement system was developed using four externally mounted load cells asymmetrically positioned around the test section. Two lateral cells measure lift, while two orthogonal cells measure drag, eliminating the need for internal mechanical movement. This design minimises displacement and hysteresis by relying on elastic deformation of the load cells. Wind tunnel tests across attack angles (0°-25°) and airspeeds (3-30 m/s) showed a maximum error of only 0.5% (±2.5/1000 daN). The system provides a compact, low-interference, and leak-proof solution with high repeatability for aerodynamic force measurements.

Keywords: aerodynamic forces; force measurement; load cells; wind forces; wind tunnels.

DOI: 10.1504/IJSA.2025.148754

International Journal of Sustainable Aviation, 2025 Vol.11 No.3, pp.237 - 250

Received: 07 Feb 2025
Accepted: 01 Jun 2025
Published online: 22 Sep 2025 *

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