Title: Blockchain in vehicular ad hoc networks: applications, challenges and solutions

Authors: A.F.M. Suaib Akhter; Mohiuddin Ahmed; Adnan Anwar; A.F.M. Shahen Shah; Al-Sakib Khan Pathan; Ahmet Zengin

Addresses: Department of Computer Engineering, Sakarya University of Applied Science, Sakarya, Turkey ' School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia ' School of IT, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia ' Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey ' Department of Computer Science and Engineering, United International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh ' Department of Computer Engineering, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey

Abstract: Blockchain has been adopted in a wide range of application domains to enhance security and privacy. Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is an important application domain in today's communication systems where incorporation of blockchain is very timely. Recent literature highlights the prospects of blockchain technology in VANET, however, it is imperative to investigate the effectiveness to ensure viability. In this paper, a thorough investigation is conducted to identify the suitability of blockchain for VANET by identifying and answering key research issues. Unlike other existing surveys, challenges related to blockchain integration, evaluation criteria, privacy preservation, cyber security, etc. are also critically analysed. Future research directions such as 6G and large-scale deployment are also identified which need to be addressed by both VANET and blockchain community. Not only VANET, but also vehicular communication systems (VCSs) and intelligent transportation systems (ITSs) have been considered in this survey.

Keywords: blockchain; cyber; intelligent; security; system; transport; vehicular ad hoc network; VANET; cyber security.

DOI: 10.1504/IJSNET.2022.126340

International Journal of Sensor Networks, 2022 Vol.40 No.2, pp.94 - 130

Received: 19 Jul 2021
Accepted: 22 Mar 2022

Published online: 21 Oct 2022 *

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