Children's exposure to traffic-related pollution: assessment of CO exposure in a typical school day Online publication date: Wed, 17-Dec-2014
by Joana Valente; Jorge Humberto Amorim; Ricardo Teixeira; Cláudia Pimentel; I. Ribeiro; Carlos Borrego
International Journal of Environment and Pollution (IJEP), Vol. 55, No. 1/2/3/4, 2014
Abstract: This paper evaluates the exposure of four children to carbon monoxide (CO) in two different classrooms during the time spent in school in a typical school day, using a numerical modelling approach. The study is focused on an area of 550 × 550 m² centred at a primary school of the city of Aveiro, in central Portugal, which is located close to a road with moderate traffic and has naturally ventilated rooms. Air quality data were measured in the school yard. Traffic emissions were estimated with TREM model, using traffic counts data. Simulations of CO concentrations in the study domain were performed with the computational fluid dynamics model VADIS, considering the influence of buildings and trees over the dispersion. Indoor concentrations were simulated using a mass transfer approach. Results show that the individual exposure of children is spatially dependent, as a consequence of the wind flow and air pollutant dispersion patterns.
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