Competition and community: the historic roots of environmental studies
by Kimberly Reiter
Interdisciplinary Environmental Review (IER), Vol. 1, No. 1, 1999

Abstract: There is a perception of incompatibility among the various subdisciplines of environmental studies. This paper explores the evolution of environmental studies and the reasons behind the animosity among environmental scientists, philosophers, economists, politicians, and activists. Much of the competition arose from the extreme religious and social positions of the nineteenth century and the democratic progressivism of the twentieth century. The Second World War influenced scientists, philosophers, and politicians to consider environmental issues and approaches to those changes. While multiple environmental philosophies continue to compete, there is an encouraging increase in academic, governmental and privately funded programs in interdisciplinary environmental studies.

Online publication date: Mon, 13-May-2013

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