New methodical way for sustainable farming systems using treated sewage water in irrigation in Jordan
by Mohammad M. Duqqah
International Journal of Environment and Pollution (IJEP), Vol. 33, No. 1, 2008

Abstract: Most scientific approaches in research are done under objectified, controlled conditions. Such experiments do not reflect the everyday reality of farmers. Moreover, experimental research in agriculture does not always reflect the interests of Jordanian farmers. Another type of research is therefore needed. We need research that integrates Gamma and Beta sciences, farmers and scientists and the environment and agricultural production. Prototyping, a mix of experimental farm research and agronomic designing is an answer to those needs. Sustainable farming in practice has nothing to do with improved commodities or farming systems, only with skilled decision making. A sustainable development of a farm needs the farmer's opinions and experiences. This paper presents a method for concerted conversions by groups of farmers, facilitated by scientists and extension officers. The method happens in four steps: setting the general and specific objectives of the farmer, determination of quantified objectives, identification of optimised farming practices and creating theoretical prototype.

Online publication date: Sun, 25-May-2008

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