Women's self-employment intentions after global shocks: insights from Egypt and Spain Online publication date: Tue, 18-Apr-2023
by Alaitz Zabala; Seham Ghalwash; Ayman Ismail; Iñaki Peña-Legazkue
European J. of International Management (EJIM), Vol. 20, No. 1, 2023
Abstract: We compare the self-employment intentions of women from different contexts, namely, Egypt and Spain after two recent incidents of global economic collapse - the 2008 global financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic. We draw on occupational choice and human capital theories to better understand how the self-employment intentions of women with different age, perceptual and human capital profiles vary in periods of crisis. Consistent with previous studies, the results suggest that intentions of self-employment vary with the specific perceptual and human capital attributes of women. However, the macroeconomic conditions and the context matter since the findings also show that the factors that drive the self-employment intention of women differ from one global shock to another. Moreover, the impact of each global shock in every context is different. These findings provide new guidance for policymakers by acknowledging the relevance of the heterogeneity of women, economic periods and contexts to the choice of self-employment.
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