Photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin by bagasse derived graphene oxide and toxicity test of the degraded products through microbiological assay
by Aditya Kumar Jha; Sukalyan Chakraborty
International Journal of Environment and Pollution (IJEP), Vol. 70, No. 1/2, 2021

Abstract: Ciprofloxacin, an antibiotic of the fluoroquinolone drug class, is often associated with negative impacts on aquatic ecosystems demanding innovative techniques and materials for treatment before discharge. In the present study, bagasse, a potential solid waste was utilised to treat ciprofloxacin by converting it to graphene oxide (GO) using ferrocene reagent as a catalyst by slow thermal pyrolysis. Characterisation of GO by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) revealed ultra-thin sheet-like layers, while Raman spectroscopy confirmed its high purity and X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed its crystalline nature. The synthesised material, when tested for removal of ciprofloxacin through natural solar irradiated photo-catalysis, showed a maximum 81% degradation following pseudo-second-order kinetics. Mass spectrometry confirmed the fragmentation of the antibiotic into lower molecular weight compounds. Further, a microbiological assay of the degraded products on bacterial strains indicated them to be innocuous. The study depicts a circular economic approach to tackling the solid waste disposal problem and wastewater treatment simultaneously.

Online publication date: Mon, 17-Apr-2023

The full text of this article is only available to individual subscribers or to users at subscribing institutions.

 
Existing subscribers:
Go to Inderscience Online Journals to access the Full Text of this article.

Pay per view:
If you are not a subscriber and you just want to read the full contents of this article, buy online access here.

Complimentary Subscribers, Editors or Members of the Editorial Board of the International Journal of Environment and Pollution (IJEP):
Login with your Inderscience username and password:

Username:        Password:          Forgotten your password?

Want to subscribe?
A subscription gives you complete access to all articles in the current issue, as well as to all articles in the previous three years (where applicable). See our Orders page to subscribe.

If you still need assistance, please email subs@inderscience.com