Study on the ability of type I collagen bioactive nanomaterial scaffold to repair spontaneous cartilage injury
by Jinjian Li
International Journal of Nanotechnology (IJNT), Vol. 18, No. 1/2/3/4, 2021

Abstract: Objective: Natural bone tissue can be considered as a complex composed of type I collagen and light-based apatite with low crystallinity. Choosing type I collagen and light-based apatite as bone repair materials can realise the biomimetic of natural bone. Chitosan is easy to mix with collagen, and the interaction of the two at the molecular level can make the complex of the two more stable than any single component. However, due to the poor mechanical properties of collagen and chitosan, the high swelling degree of collagen, the greater brittleness of light-based apatite, and the incompatibility with organics, the high swelling degree and the rapid degradation of this material limit the use of similar materials in bone tissue engineering. In this paper, the ultrastructure of type I collagen scaffolds is analysed; goat knee cartilage defect models are established using green goats as experimental animals. Fifteen 12-month-old goats are randomly divided into three groups, each with 10 knees, and group A is blank, the control group, group B is a simple collagen I collagen double-layer scaffold group, and group C is a type I collagen double-layer scaffold combined with MSCs transplantation group, which is treated according to the experimental group; materials are taken at 6 weeks and 24 weeks after the operation gross observation and histological scores were used to evaluate the repair effect of each group. Successfully established goat knee cartilage defect model and type I double-layer collagen scaffold composite autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) implantation technology. At 24 weeks postoperative MRI, there was no effusion in the articular cavity and no synovial hyperplasia. The repair tissue in the experimental group had no difference in signal from normal cartilage; the repair tissue was observed to be flat with normal cartilage and similar in colour to normal cartilage. Histology confirmed the repaired tissue as hyaline cartilage. The Waitangi score in the experimental group was 2.65 ± 1.36, which was significantly better than that in the stent group alone (7.04 ± 2.14) and the blank control group (10.87 ± 3.51). The blank control group and the stent group had poor repair effect.

Online publication date: Tue, 13-Apr-2021

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