Liquidity in high resolution in limit order markets
by Sudhanshu Pani
International Journal of Financial Markets and Derivatives (IJFMD), Vol. 8, No. 1, 2021

Abstract: This paper investigates, in high resolution, the role of liquidity in a limit order market. Liquidity in these markets has two parts - a liquidity store and liquidity flow (time dimension). We model the liquidity residing in a limit order book and the liquidity flow from the latent order book, using a fully probabilistic model. Using a sample of stocks from NASDAQ 100, we find that liquidity residing in the order book within five levels each on either side of the transaction price and the flow to this liquidity pool from the latent order book can explain the wealth traded through the trading system, when observed in business time. The explanatory power is satisfactory in high resolution and short periods of business time but weaker in aggregated longer time periods. We observe that the liquidity pool for a large part of the trading day goes into a steady state equilibrium.

Online publication date: Wed, 31-Mar-2021

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