Article Abstract

	Title:	Knowledge production of firms: research networks and the ''scientification'' of business R&D
	Author:	David F.J. Campbell, Wolfgang H. Guttel
	Address:	University of Klagenfurt, Faculty for Interdisciplinary Studies (IFF), Department of Higher Education Research (HOFO), Schottenfeldgasse 29, A-1070 Vienna, Austria. ' Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration, Department of Human Resource Management, Althanstrasse 51, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
	Journal:	International Journal of Technology Management 2005 - Vol. 31, No.1/2  pp. 152 - 175
	Abstract:	Research and Development (R&D) expenditure grew during the 1980s and 1990s. The USA ranks first, Japan second and the EU third. Business R&D displays a cyclical pattern, university research, on the contrary, expanded more gradually. Interestingly, basic research grew faster than applied research. The consequences of this are paralleling efforts for different R&D activities, a re-conceptualisation of applied and university-related research and an increased demand, but also more opportunities, for direct university/business linkages. We will focus in this article on firms, identifying which options they have to meet these challenges. We propose the concept of the ''academic firm''. Through a limited ''scientification'' of business R&D and participation in research networks, firms can enhance their knowledge production.
	Keywords:	knowledge production; knowledge-based economies; knowledge-based societies; basic research; applied research; experimental development; research networks; parallel R&D; research and development; business R&D; academic firms; university research; innovation.
	DOI:	10.1504/IJTM.2005.006629
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