Title: Efforts to enhance active cooperatives in Indonesia based on macroeconomic variables

Authors: Amelia; Ronald

Addresses: Faculty of Business School, Universitas Pelita Harapan Surabaya, Tokyo Tower 6th floor, City of Tomorrow Superblok, Jl. Jend. A. Yani no. 288, Waru-Surabaya (60234), Indonesia ' Faculty of Business School, Universitas Pelita Harapan Surabaya, Tokyo Tower 6th floor, City of Tomorrow Superblok, Jl. Jend. A. Yani no. 288, Waru-Surabaya (60234), Indonesia

Abstract: Cooperative is a group of people that allow several people or legal entity working together on a basic of voluntary held a job to improve the lives of its members (Sagimun, 2005). The purpose of this study is to look at the effect of macroeconomic variables, namely the level of income per capita, unemployment rate, education level, poverty level, average expenditure per capita and human development index of 33 provinces in Indonesia to the number of active cooperatives in every province in Indonesia. In addition, this study uses the sample data from every province in Indonesia with the time span from 2006 to 2013. This study uses a quantitative approach using Multiple Regression through SPSS 16. The results of this study can be utilised by the government, especially the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs, public and non-governmental organisations in a joint effort to increase Indonesian cooperatives in facing the internationalisation.

Keywords: active cooperation; unemployment rate; education level; level of poverty; human development index; HDI; expenditure per capita; per capita income; Indonesia.

DOI: 10.1504/IJEPEE.2018.094526

International Journal of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies, 2018 Vol.11 No.4, pp.411 - 422

Received: 26 Dec 2015
Accepted: 01 Feb 2016
Published online: 05 Sep 2018 *

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