Title: Do institutional factors affect the efficiency of GDP and CO₂ emission? Evidence from Gulf and Maghreb countries

Authors: Abir Mrabet; Sami Jarboui

Addresses: Unit of Research in Applied Economics (URECA), Faculty of Economics and Management, University of Sfax, Airport Road Km 4, Sfax 3018, Tunisia ' Transport Urban Planning Economics Laboratory (LAET), ENTPE, Rue Maurice Audin, 69518 Vaulx-en-Velin, Lyon, France; Unit of Research in Applied Economics (URECA), Faculty of Economics and Management, University of Sfax, Airport Road Km 4, Sfax 3018, Tunisia

Abstract: This research paper highlights the incidence of institutional factors on the efficiency of GDP and CO₂ emission. We use a stochastic analysis frontier model of a sample of ten countries, during the period 1995-2013. Besides, we explain the CO₂ emission and GDP inefficiency by the institutional factors. The contribution of this research appears in the examination of the interrelations within institutional factors, CO₂ emissions' efficiency and GDP efficiency. Our results show that institution's quality in Maghreb's countries is deficient, especially after the uprising which leads to a high level of inflation, unemployment and unfavourable environment for investments. However, in the Gulf countries, a good institutional quality such as corruption reduction, regulatory quality, rule of law and so on would participate to improve economic and social outcomes and to create favourable institutional climate that helps pursuing sustainable development. Regarding CO₂ emissions, the orientation towards more energy efficiency could improve their performance.

Keywords: CO₂ emission; GDP; institutional factors; stochastic analysis frontier model; Arabic countries.

DOI: 10.1504/IJGEI.2017.086851

International Journal of Global Energy Issues, 2017 Vol.40 No.5, pp.259 - 276

Received: 03 Nov 2016
Accepted: 17 Jul 2017
Published online: 29 Sep 2017 *

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