Title: Comparison of optimisation strategies for the determination of precise dummy head trajectories based on the fusion of electrical and optical measured data in frontal crash scenarios

Authors: Edwin Christoph Klein; Wolfgang Sinz; Jörg Moser; Robert Greimel; Karsten Raguse; Claas Von Middendorff; Christina Steiner

Addresses: Vehicle Safety Institute, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 23/II, 8010 Graz, Austria ' Vehicle Safety Institute, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 23/II, 8010 Graz, Austria ' Vehicle Safety Institute, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 23/II, 8010 Graz, Austria ' Vehicle Safety Institute, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 23/II, 8010 Graz, Austria ' Volkswagen AG, Brieffach 011/1604, 38483 Wolfsburg, Germany ' Volkswagen AG, Brieffach 011/1604, 38483 Wolfsburg, Germany ' Audi AG, I/EK-531, 85045 Ingolstadt, Germany

Abstract: When determining the trajectory of the dummy head during a vehicle crash test, the head is not visible for all cameras during the whole movement, since it, e.g., dips into the airbag. Another possibility is to calculate the trajectory with acceleration and gyro sensor data. When using low-cost inertial measurement units, the calculated trajectory differs from the video analysis by 0.15 metres. The idea is to model possible electrical sensor errors and inaccurate known initial conditions and determine them in an optimisation process in which the video trajectory is taken as the target function. This paper deals with the optimisation process to determine if the optimisation function has a unique minimum. Based on that, several optimisation algorithms are compared and three of them are selected for a detailed comparison. The best of them is selected to show the calculation of a trajectory for a real world crash test.

Keywords: dummy trajectory calculation; sensor parameter optimisation; optimisation function classification; optimisation algorithm comparison; optimisation strategies; dummy head trajectories; data fusion; electrical data; optical data; frontal crashes; dummy heads; vehicle crash testing; electrical sensor errors; sensor error modelling; video trajectory.

DOI: 10.1504/IJVSMT.2016.075235

International Journal of Vehicle Systems Modelling and Testing, 2016 Vol.11 No.1, pp.23 - 47

Received: 13 Apr 2015
Accepted: 22 Jul 2015

Published online: 08 Mar 2016 *

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