Title: State-of-the-art electrified powertrains - hybrid, plug-in, and electric vehicles

Authors: Yinye Yang; Kamran Arshad-Ali; Joel Roeleveld; Ali Emadi

Addresses: McMaster Institute for Automotive Research and Technology (MacAUTO), McMaster University, 200 Longwood Road South, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada ' McMaster Institute for Automotive Research and Technology (MacAUTO), McMaster University, 200 Longwood Road South, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada ' McMaster Institute for Automotive Research and Technology (MacAUTO), McMaster University, 200 Longwood Road South, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada ' McMaster Institute for Automotive Research and Technology (MacAUTO), McMaster University, 200 Longwood Road South, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Abstract: Automotive electrification has become the centre of current transportation technology especially in the age of surging petroleum fuel prices and rising social awareness of vehicle emissions. A range of electrified powertrains from micro hybrid to full electric have been implemented in a wide variety of vehicle platforms from subcompacts to heavy-duty trucks and buses. The main focus of this paper is to comprehensively review the state-of-the-art electrified powertrains that have been developed and commercialised in the North American automotive industry. Vehicles are categorised based on different powertrain configurations and electrification levels. The powertrain structure and operating modes are also analysed in detail. In addition, a comprehensive database of electrified powertrains and their components is created. Electrified powertrains and the corresponding conventional powertrains are compared in terms of vehicle efficiency, powertrain complexity, and pump-to-wheel CO2 emissions.

Keywords: plug-in hybrid vehicles; electric vehicles; electrified powertrain; review; North America; automobile industry; automotive powertrains; powertrain structure; powertrain operating modes; powertrain components; powertrain database; vehicle efficiency; powertrain complexity; CO2; carbon dioxide; carbon emissions.

DOI: 10.1504/IJPT.2016.075181

International Journal of Powertrains, 2016 Vol.5 No.1, pp.1 - 29

Received: 06 Jan 2015
Accepted: 18 May 2015

Published online: 06 Mar 2016 *

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