Title: Some guidelines to simulate wireless sensor networks in a propagation environment with non-uniform vegetation

Authors: Giselle M. Galvan-Tejada; Emmanuel Q. Duarte-Reynoso

Addresses: Communications Section, Department of Electrical Engineering, Centre for Research and Advanced Studies of IPN, Mexico City 07360, Mexico ' Communications Section, Department of Electrical Engineering, Centre for Research and Advanced Studies of IPN, Mexico City 07360, Mexico

Abstract: Different considerations to simulate a non-uniform vegetation environment for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are explained in this paper. Several published articles on tree loss models are discussed. The presented simulations are based on the Lee propagation model, which is flexible to include vegetation losses, taking into consideration the particularities of the WSN. Simulation results are contrasted with levels of received power obtained from 2.4 GHz field measurements conducted in an academic environment. Results are analysed in terms of absolute average deviation and root mean square errors. The simulation platform includes a Lidar database in order to account the buildings and trees heights.

Keywords: non-uniform vegetation; vegetation attenuation; tree propagation; vegetation losses; wireless sensor networks; WSNs; simulation; Lee propagation model; network coverage; Lidar database; foliage; energy consumption; energy monitoring; trees.

DOI: 10.1504/IJSNET.2015.067588

International Journal of Sensor Networks, 2015 Vol.17 No.1, pp.40 - 51

Received: 19 Jan 2013
Accepted: 26 Dec 2013

Published online: 22 Feb 2015 *

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