Title: Enhancing low cost stainless steel implants: bioactive silica-based sol-gel coatings with wollastonite particles

Authors: Josefina Ballarre; Yifei Liu; Emigdio Mendoza; Hanna Schell; Facundo Díaz; Juan Carlos Orellano; Peter Fratzl; Claudia García; Silvia M. Ceré

Addresses: INTEMA – Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Juan B Justo 4302, B7608FDQ Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, 14476 Potsdam, Germany. ' Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, 14476 Potsdam, Germany; Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. ' Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Calle 59A # 63-20, Medellín, Colombia. ' Julius Wolf Institute and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany. ' Traumatología y Ortopedia, Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos 'Oscar Alende', Juan B. Justo y 167, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina. ' Traumatología y Ortopedia, Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos 'Oscar Alende', Juan B. Justo y 167, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina. ' Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, 14476 Potsdam, Germany. ' Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Calle 59A # 63-20, Medellín, Colombia. ' INTEMA – Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Juan B Justo 4302, B7608FDQ Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Abstract: A hybrid organic-inorganic sol-gel coating with the addition of wollastonite particles is used as a potential solution to improve performance of low cost AISI 316L stainless steel. This work is focused on characterising the coatings by studying their synthesis and deposition, electrochemical, and in vitro and in vivo response. The coated implants presented in vitro Ca/P-rich apatitic precursors phases on their surface and acceptable electrochemical behaviour. The in vivo response regarding bone formation seems to be excellent either with the implant in contact with bone marrow, in contact with the endostium or in contact with the trabecular bone. The bioactive and regenerative responses of bone tissue to the TEOS-MTES-wollastonite system over-compensate the coating deterioration reaction, making these coatings as a good way to improve osseo-integration of stainless steel for long term use implants.

Keywords: stainless steel implants; bioactive coatings; bone formation; corrosion; osteo-integration; SAXS; silica; sol-gel coatings; wollastonite particles; biomaterials; bone marrow; endostium; trabecular bone; regenerative response; bone tissue.

DOI: 10.1504/IJNBM.2012.048216

International Journal of Nano and Biomaterials, 2012 Vol.4 No.1, pp.33 - 53

Received: 28 Dec 2011
Accepted: 15 Feb 2012
Published online: 30 Sep 2014 *

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