Title: GRACE-2: integrating fine-grained application adaptation with global adaptation for saving energy

Authors: Vibhore Vardhan, Wanghong Yuan, Albert F. Harris, Sarita V. Adve, Robin H. Kravets, Klara Nahrstedt, Daniel G. Sachs, Douglas L. Jones

Addresses: Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 201 North Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801-2302, USA. ' Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 201 North Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801-2302, USA. ' Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 201 North Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801-2302, USA. ' Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 201 North Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801-2302, USA. ' Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 201 North Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801-2302, USA. ' Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 201 North Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801-2302, USA. ' Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1406 W. Green St., Urbana, IL 61801-2918, USA. ' Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1406 W. Green St., Urbana, IL 61801-2918, USA

Abstract: Energy efficiency has become a primary design criterion for mobile multimedia devices. Prior work has proposed saving energy through coordinated adaptation in multiple system layers, in response to changing application demands and system resources. The scope and frequency of adaptation pose a fundamental conflict in such systems. The Illinois GRACE project addresses this conflict through a hierarchical solution which combines: 1) infrequent (expensive) global adaptation that optimises energy for all applications in the system, 2) frequent (cheap) per-application (or per-app) adaptation that optimises for a single application at a time. This paper demonstrates the benefits of the hierarchical adaptation through a second-generation prototype, GRACE-2. Specifically, it shows that in a network bandwidth constrained environment, per-app application adaptation yields significant energy benefits over and above global adaptation.

Keywords: power management; mobile devices; cross-layer adaptation; hierarchical adaptation; multimedia applications; resource management; embedded systems; energy consumption; energy efficiency; network constraints; bandwidth constraints.

DOI: 10.1504/IJES.2009.027939

International Journal of Embedded Systems, 2009 Vol.4 No.2, pp.152 - 169

Published online: 20 Aug 2009 *

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