Title: New orientations in ethnic entrepreneurship: motivation, goals and strategies of new generation ethnic entrepreneurs

Authors: Tuzin Baycan-Levent, Peter Nijkamp, Mediha Sahin

Addresses: Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Istanbul Technical University, Taskisla, 34437 Taksim, Istanbul, Turkey. ' Department of Spatial Economics, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. ' Department of Spatial Economics, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Abstract: The literature on ethnic entrepreneurship has identified a blend of structural and cultural factors that influence the step towards ethnic entrepreneurship. An important issue is whether ethnic entrepreneurs produce for their own ethnic niches or whether they try to cover a wider market of customers. This difference between |internal| and |external| orientation has been the subject of many recent empirical investigations. However, the concentration of the ethnic entrepreneurs in traditional sectors has led many studies to focus mainly on this internal orientation, while there is a limited number of studies that address non-traditional sectors and external orientations of ethnic entrepreneurs. The current study aims to deal with new departures for ethnic entrepreneurship in terms of motivation, sectoral choice, business goals and strategies of new generation ethnic entrepreneurs. The study focuses on external orientations of new generation ethnic entrepreneurs, while it addresses in particular the way – and the extent to which – the choice for entrepreneurship is made by higher-educated ethnic young generations.

Keywords: break-out strategies; ethnic entrepreneurship; entrepreneurial motivation; external orientation; sectoral choice; business goals; business strategies.

DOI: 10.1504/IJFIP.2009.022100

International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy, 2009 Vol.5 No.1/2/3, pp.83 - 112

Published online: 18 Dec 2008 *

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