Title: A European innovation system in pharmaceuticals?
Authors: Jeremy Howells
Addresses: Centre for Research in Innovation and Competition (CRIC) and Policy Research in Engineering, Science and Technology (PREST), Oxford Road, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
Abstract: This paper analyses the emergence and development of a European pharmaceutical system. In particular it reviews and assesses the influence of new institutional and regulatory frameworks on the creation of this pan-European pharmaceutical system. The paper then explores the implications of the formation of this process on our conceptualisation of the more specific ||systems of innovation|| approach.
Keywords: pharmaceuticals; systems of innovation; institutions; technological innovation; regulation.
International Journal of Biotechnology, 2002 Vol.4 No.1, pp.96-114
Published online: 13 Jul 2003 *
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