Title: Evaluation of worldwide harmonised light vehicles test procedure for electric vehicles using simulation

Authors: Teoh Jia Xian; Stella Morris; Chew Kuew Wai

Addresses: Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia ' Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia ' Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract: The introduction of the worldwide harmonised light vehicles test procedure (WLTP) by UNECE aims to standardise the global drive cycle testing procedure in determining emission compliance and fuel consumption. This paper evaluates the performance and the effect of the new driving cycle on different electric vehicles, based on major regulatory drive cycles: NEDC, FTP 75 and JC08. Using Matlab's ADVISOR simulation, a hatchback of Nissan Leaf 2016, a sedan of Tesla Model S60 and a low power electric vehicle of Mahindra E2O Plus have been simulated and investigated. For the decently sized vehicles, the WLTP test cycle consumes the highest energy per unit distance. However, the low powered electric vehicle behaves differently due to the strategic low speed operation of the vehicle. The paper also encompasses a method to simplify the complex modelling of the vehicle in the drive cycle's simulation, yet maintaining sufficient accuracy in its final emission results.

Keywords: WLTP; worldwide harmonised light vehicles test procedure; driving cycle standards; electric vehicle; vehicle test procedures; ADVISOR.

DOI: 10.1504/IJVP.2021.116064

International Journal of Vehicle Performance, 2021 Vol.7 No.3/4, pp.364 - 385

Received: 05 Feb 2020
Accepted: 19 Sep 2020
Published online: 07 Jul 2021 *

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