Title: Simultaneous adsorption of motorcycle emissions through bamboo-activated carbon

Authors: Dewa Ngakan Ketut Putra Negara; Tjokorda Gde Tirta Nindhia; Made Sucipta; I. Wayan Surata; Kadek Sera Astrawan; I. Putu Hari Wangsa

Addresses: Mechanical Engineering Department, Udayana University, Street of Bukit Jimbaran, Badung, Bali 80362, Indonesia ' Mechanical Engineering Department, Udayana University, Street of Bukit Jimbaran, Badung, Bali 80362, Indonesia ' Mechanical Engineering Department, Udayana University, Street of Bukit Jimbaran, Badung, Bali 80362, Indonesia ' Mechanical Engineering Department, Udayana University, Street of Bukit Jimbaran, Badung, Bali 80362, Indonesia ' Mechanical Engineering Department, Udayana University, Street of Bukit Jimbaran, Badung, Bali 80362, Indonesia ' Mechanical Engineering Department, Udayana University, Street of Bukit Jimbaran, Badung, Bali 80362, Indonesia

Abstract: The use of fossil fuels in motorcycles causes a rise in the concentration of emissions in the atmosphere. Adsorption using activated carbon is a method that can be applied to reduce emissions. This paper concerns the development of bamboo-activated carbons that are physically activated under different nitrogen flow rates (200, 350, and 500 cm³/min) and applied to the capture of motorcycle emissions (CO₂, CO, and HC). An SEM and a Quantachrome Nova machine were applied to characterise the activated carbons. The emission of the motorcycle was measured using a Capalec multi-gas analyser. The results showed that activated carbon produced with a 350 cm³/min nitrogen flow yielded the best characteristics and the highest adsorption capability of the motorcycle emissions. With a surface area of 223.600 m²/g and a pore volume of 0.156 cm³/g, this activated carbon has adsorption efficiencies of 100%, 85.71%, and 83.41% for CO₂, CO, and HC, respectively.

Keywords: motorcycle emissions; adsorption efficiency; activated carbon; adsorption capacity; bamboo; surface area; pore volume; nitrogen; fossil fuels; atmosphere.

DOI: 10.1504/IJGEI.2021.115144

International Journal of Global Energy Issues, 2021 Vol.43 No.2/3, pp.199 - 210

Received: 15 Nov 2019
Accepted: 02 Jun 2020
Published online: 20 May 2021 *

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