Title: Driver distraction detection using machine learning algorithms: an experimental approach

Authors: Zhaozhong Zhang; Efstathios Velenis; Abbas Fotouhi; Daniel J. Auger; Dongpu Cao

Addresses: Advanced Vehicle Engineering Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK ' Advanced Vehicle Engineering Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK ' Advanced Vehicle Engineering Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK ' Advanced Vehicle Engineering Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK ' Advanced Vehicle Engineering Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK

Abstract: Driver distraction is the leading cause of accidents that contributes to 25% of all road crashes. In order to reduce the risks posed by distraction, the warning must be given to the driver once distraction is detected. According to the literature, no rankings of relevant features have been presented. In this study, the most relevant features in detecting driver distraction are identified in a closed testing environment. The relevant features are found to be the mean values of speed and lane deviation, maximum values of eye gaze in y direction, and head movement in x direction. After the relevant features have been identified, pre-processed data with relevant features are fed into decision tree classifiers to discriminate the data into normal and distracted driving. The results show that the detection accuracy of 78.4% using decision tree can be achieved. By eliminating unhelpful features, the time required to process data is reduced by around 40% to make the proposed technique suitable for real-time application.

Keywords: driver distraction; feature extraction; machine learning; decision tree; time windows.

DOI: 10.1504/IJVD.2020.115057

International Journal of Vehicle Design, 2020 Vol.83 No.2/3/4, pp.122 - 139

Received: 05 Mar 2020
Accepted: 17 Aug 2020
Published online: 17 May 2021 *

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