Title: Country- and firm-specific positions of different multinational enterprises: who is having what?

Authors: Tarun Kanti Bose; Md. Reaz Uddin; Jannatul Ferdous Bristy; Md. Enamul Haque

Addresses: Business Administration Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh ' Business Administration Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh ' Human Resource Management Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh ' Business Administration Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh

Abstract: This paper investigated country- and firm-specific positions of different MNE (multinational enterprises) types. A matrix has been developed based on the country- and firm-specific positions. Then, we have carried out 20 case studies and identified their positions in our matrix. Based on our findings we have installed five key propositions. Those propositions suggest that MNEs are more equipped with Firm-Specific Advantages (FSAs) whereas Emerging Market Multinationals (EMMs) have more Country-Specific Advantages (CSAs). MNEs are mostly persistent dominators and potential dictators and EMMs are mainly emerging operators and regional players. Finally, Micro Multinational Enterprises (mMNEs) are low on both CSA and FSA and they are mostly operation consolidators.

Keywords: CSA; FSA; CSD; FSD; MNE; EMM.

DOI: 10.1504/EJIM.2021.111899

European Journal of International Management, 2021 Vol.15 No.1, pp.112 - 134

Received: 02 Dec 2017
Accepted: 24 Sep 2018
Published online: 21 Dec 2020 *

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