Local people and protected areas: identifying problems, potential solutions and further research questions
by Simo Sarkki; Lauri Rantala; Timo P. Karjalainen
International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development (IJESD), Vol. 14, No. 3, 2015

Abstract: There are often contradictions between environmental and social sustainability. This friction is clearly manifested in protected areas, which are increasing throughout the world. This article examines the relationships between protected areas and local people in order to map problems, to identify possible solutions and related challenges, and to make suggestions for further research. This paper examines two kinds of solutions to protected area - local community confrontations: 1) co-management arrangements, which promise increased possibilities for participation for local people; 2) tourism-protected area partnerships, which promise more income to the local level. However, our work illustrates that finding synergies between environmental and social objectives requires conscious effort, because promises to find such synergies often fail to deliver the intended objectives in practice. We identify a set of research questions for tackling these problems in protected areas, which is relevant for combining social and environmental sustainability even in other contexts.

Online publication date: Sat, 27-Jun-2015

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