International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations http://www.inderscience.com/browse/index.php?journalID=22&year=2012&vol=10&issue=1 Inderscience Publishers Ltd en-uk International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations 1470-9503 1741-5225 © 2012 Inderscience Publishers Ltd editor@inderscience.com https://www.inderscience.com/images/files/coverImgs/ijnvo_scoverijnvo.jpg http://www.inderscience.com/browse/index.php?journalID=22&year=2012&vol=10&issue=1 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=45208 Fuelled by increased interest among organisations to team up with customers and partners, software for supporting open innovation is emerging. In this paper, we explore how current open innovation software are designed, by whom they are used and reflect on their potential to support open innovation processes. We classified a sample of 51 systems and found, based on a correlation analysis, that most open innovation software focus on supporting online communities of innovation and some software support online marketplaces of innovation. A vast majority of open innovation software focuses on the front end of open innovation through an emphasis on the collection of ideas or problem solutions requested by authorities in technology industries. In the end of the paper, we suggest key questions that need to be addressed in order to design the next wave of open innovation software. How can software support open innovation? Extending community and marketplace perspectives
Stefan Hrastinski; Mats Edenius; Niklas Z. Kviselius; Håkan Ozan
International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations, Vol. 10, No. 1 (2012) pp. 1 - 17
Fuelled by increased interest among organisations to team up with customers and partners, software for supporting open innovation is emerging. In this paper, we explore how current open innovation software are designed, by whom they are used and reflect on their potential to support open innovation processes. We classified a sample of 51 systems and found, based on a correlation analysis, that most open innovation software focus on supporting online communities of innovation and some software support online marketplaces of innovation. A vast majority of open innovation software focuses on the front end of open innovation through an emphasis on the collection of ideas or problem solutions requested by authorities in technology industries. In the end of the paper, we suggest key questions that need to be addressed in order to design the next wave of open innovation software.

]]> 10.1504/IJNVO.2012.045208 International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations, Vol. 10, No. 1 (2012) pp. 1 - 17 Stefan Hrastinski; Mats Edenius; Niklas Z. Kviselius; Håkan Ozan Uppsala University, Department of Informatics and Media, P.O. Box 513, SE-751 20, Uppsala, Sweden; KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Media Technology, School of Computer Science and Communication, Lindstedtsv. 3, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden. ' Uppsala University, Department of Informatics and Media, P.O. Box 513, SE-751 20, Uppsala, Sweden. ' Stockholm School of Economics,, Center for Information and Communication Research, P.O. Box 6501, SE-113 83 Stockholm, Sweden; Uppsala University, Department of Informatics and Media, P.O. Box 513, SE-751 20, Uppsala, Sweden. ' CSC, P.O. Box 3052, SE-169 03, Solna, Sweden open innovation computer software online communities online marketplaces virtual communities web based communities e-communities electronic communities community perspectives marketplace perspectives customers partners correlation analysis front end ideas problems solutions technology industries networks virtual organisations web based organisations online organisations networking world wide web internet. 2012-01-31T23:20:50-05:00 10 1 1 17 2012-01-31T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=45209 SMEs have to collaborate with other enterprises in a virtual organisation (VO) forms to cope with an increasingly dynamic and competitive environment. Despite the increased interest in the area of collaboration information is still lacking about the risk sources of VO. This paper aims to reinforce the proposal for an integrated methodology to classify, manage and assess network level risk sources in VO and discusses the advantages of AHP/ANP over the other multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods before discussing the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and the analytical network process (ANP) methods and the advantages of ANP over the AHP. This will be followed by illustrations of how ANP can be used to assess VO risk sources as part of the framework to support the final decision of VO collaboration. ANP will be used to set up a panel of weights of risk sources to define which risks are more serious. Overall, insights from the research and the process suggested in this research will aid SMEs in making a less risky decision. Analysing virtual organisation risk sources: an analytical network process approach
Mohammad Alawamleh; Keith Popplewell
International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations, Vol. 10, No. 1 (2012) pp. 18 - 39
SMEs have to collaborate with other enterprises in a virtual organisation (VO) forms to cope with an increasingly dynamic and competitive environment. Despite the increased interest in the area of collaboration information is still lacking about the risk sources of VO. This paper aims to reinforce the proposal for an integrated methodology to classify, manage and assess network level risk sources in VO and discusses the advantages of AHP/ANP over the other multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods before discussing the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and the analytical network process (ANP) methods and the advantages of ANP over the AHP. This will be followed by illustrations of how ANP can be used to assess VO risk sources as part of the framework to support the final decision of VO collaboration. ANP will be used to set up a panel of weights of risk sources to define which risks are more serious. Overall, insights from the research and the process suggested in this research will aid SMEs in making a less risky decision.

]]> 10.1504/IJNVO.2012.045209 International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations, Vol. 10, No. 1 (2012) pp. 18 - 39 Mohammad Alawamleh; Keith Popplewell Engineering Manufacture and Management, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK. ' Engineering Manufacture and Management, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK analytical network process ANP risk sources collaboration multicriteria decision making MCDM small and medium-sized enterprises SMEs dynamic environments competitive environments analytical hierarchy process AHP weights panel weighting risky decisions networks virtual organisations web based organisations online organisations networking world wide web internet. 2012-01-31T23:20:50-05:00 10 1 18 39 2012-01-31T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=45210 This study explores the role of trust and relationships in geographically distributed teams (virtual teams) of development sector. Interviewed teams were surrounded by ground realities of their work locations, which included technology limitations, uncertainties and human constraints, which tend to obstruct development of trust and relationships. The needs for developing trust and relationships identified during interviews were personal conduct characteristics of team members, like confidence, competence, reliability, interpersonal relationship, quality output, responsibility and commitment. Trust emerged as the core factor encompassing all relationships, among team members or between leader and members. The study revealed that trust is a precursor to relationships. Geographically distributed teams work within cognitive trust, where its members desire affective trust from the leader. Trust is not only a product of, but also a pre-requisite for optimal technology usage. Trust is not formally evaluated but is manifested in the quality of outcomes. Role of trust and relationships in geographically distributed teams: exploratory study on development sector
Mohammad Saud Khan
International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations, Vol. 10, No. 1 (2012) pp. 40 - 58
This study explores the role of trust and relationships in geographically distributed teams (virtual teams) of development sector. Interviewed teams were surrounded by ground realities of their work locations, which included technology limitations, uncertainties and human constraints, which tend to obstruct development of trust and relationships. The needs for developing trust and relationships identified during interviews were personal conduct characteristics of team members, like confidence, competence, reliability, interpersonal relationship, quality output, responsibility and commitment. Trust emerged as the core factor encompassing all relationships, among team members or between leader and members. The study revealed that trust is a precursor to relationships. Geographically distributed teams work within cognitive trust, where its members desire affective trust from the leader. Trust is not only a product of, but also a pre-requisite for optimal technology usage. Trust is not formally evaluated but is manifested in the quality of outcomes.

]]> 10.1504/IJNVO.2012.045210 International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations, Vol. 10, No. 1 (2012) pp. 40 - 58 Mohammad Saud Khan ETH Zurich, Lerchenrain 7/3, 8046, Zurich, Switzerland geographically distributed teams virtual teams development sector technology limitations uncertainty ground realities work locations human constraints personal conduct personal characteristics team members confidence competence reliability interpersonal relationships quality output responsibility commitment core factors leaders cognitive trust affective trust optimal technology usage outcomes networks virtual organisations web based organisations online organisations networking world wide web internet. 2012-01-31T23:20:50-05:00 10 1 40 58 2012-01-31T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=45211 This paper reports on the results of a survey that was part of wider research to link small to medium enterprises (SMEs) and larger organisations to help improve the health and safety records of SMEs. The survey results suggest that networking, as virtual organisations, would be a valuable way to link SMEs with their larger counterparts, partly because SMEs do not have the resources and time to release members of staff easily to attend physical workshops and other events. SMEs are important to many economies, but tend to have poor health and safety records. It is in the interests of larger organisations to assist SMEs within their supply chains, as the effects of absences resulting from poor health and safety management in SMEs result in supplies being disrupted. The research focussed on the construction industry. It is mapped to existing literature in relevant domains. A survey that contributes to the development of a framework to evaluate health and safety strategies in supply chains
Brian Lehaney; Ikechukwu A. Diugwu; Michael Willemyns; Peter Hosie
International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations, Vol. 10, No. 1 (2012) pp. 59 - 72
This paper reports on the results of a survey that was part of wider research to link small to medium enterprises (SMEs) and larger organisations to help improve the health and safety records of SMEs. The survey results suggest that networking, as virtual organisations, would be a valuable way to link SMEs with their larger counterparts, partly because SMEs do not have the resources and time to release members of staff easily to attend physical workshops and other events. SMEs are important to many economies, but tend to have poor health and safety records. It is in the interests of larger organisations to assist SMEs within their supply chains, as the effects of absences resulting from poor health and safety management in SMEs result in supplies being disrupted. The research focussed on the construction industry. It is mapped to existing literature in relevant domains.

]]> 10.1504/IJNVO.2012.045211 International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations, Vol. 10, No. 1 (2012) pp. 59 - 72 Brian Lehaney; Ikechukwu A. Diugwu; Michael Willemyns; Peter Hosie University of Wollongong in Dubai, P.O. Box 20183, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. ' Department of Project Management Technology, Federal University of Technology, P.M. B 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. ' University of Wollongong in Dubai, P.O. Box 20183, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. ' University of Wollongong in Dubai, P.O. Box 20183, Dubai, United Arab Emirates occupational health occupational safety SCM supply chain management small and medium-sized enterprises SMEs large organisations evaluation frameworks health records safety records physical workshops staff absence supply disruption construction industry West Midlands United Kingdom UK Coventry Birmingham networks virtual organisations web based organisations online organisations networking world wide web internet. 2012-01-31T23:20:50-05:00 10 1 59 72 2012-01-31T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=45212 In the service industry, the creative process of a firm's collaborative e-business capability has already become the key focus of enterprises and academic circles. From the view of e-business process, this paper, together with the theory of resource-based view (RBV), demonstrates the formation of collaborative e-business capability in the e-CRM process. We find that the integration of IT resources is the foundation for the creation of e-business capability and IT knowledge integration capability, serving as a kind of internal e-business capability, and fully mediates the creation of collaborative e-business capability. This study is expected to help managers in planning internal and external resources and make contributions to the research perspective on e-business capability. An empirical research of the creative process of collaborative e-business capability in service industry
Yi Jiang; Jing Zhao
International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations, Vol. 10, No. 1 (2012) pp. 73 - 87
In the service industry, the creative process of a firm's collaborative e-business capability has already become the key focus of enterprises and academic circles. From the view of e-business process, this paper, together with the theory of resource-based view (RBV), demonstrates the formation of collaborative e-business capability in the e-CRM process. We find that the integration of IT resources is the foundation for the creation of e-business capability and IT knowledge integration capability, serving as a kind of internal e-business capability, and fully mediates the creation of collaborative e-business capability. This study is expected to help managers in planning internal and external resources and make contributions to the research perspective on e-business capability.

]]> 10.1504/IJNVO.2012.045212 International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations, Vol. 10, No. 1 (2012) pp. 73 - 87 Yi Jiang; Jing Zhao College of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China. ' College of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China e-business capability ICT information technology communications technology ICT resources service industries creative processes collaborative business collaboration RBV resource-based view electronic business customer relationship management CRM e-CRM electronic CRM resource integration knowledge integration managers resource planning internal resources external resources inter-organisational capabilities China networks virtual organisations web based organisations online organisations networking world wide web internet. 2012-01-31T23:20:50-05:00 10 1 73 87 2012-01-31T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=45213 A grid supports geographically distributed resource sharing among multiple organisations, which can be considered as a special type of virtual organisations (VO). A cyberinfrastructure (CI) environment supports formation and management of multiple such VOs to meet various computing demands for researchers and scientists in different areas. How to found a trustable VO and aggregate reliable resources and users for the cross-domain collaboration in a CI becomes an important issue. In this work, a VO membership evaluation system (VOMES) is proposed to address this new challenge brought by the CI environment. VOMES includes a layered reputation system and a committee-based decision-making method to verify a new applicant to a VO and maintain corresponding VO trust levels. Simulation results show that our reputation system is accurate, robust and stable. VOMES can automatically help members in a CI environment establish and maintain VOs with high trust levels. VOMES: a virtual organisation membership evaluation system
Junwei Cao; Zhen Wang
International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations, Vol. 10, No. 1 (2012) pp. 88 - 108
A grid supports geographically distributed resource sharing among multiple organisations, which can be considered as a special type of virtual organisations (VO). A cyberinfrastructure (CI) environment supports formation and management of multiple such VOs to meet various computing demands for researchers and scientists in different areas. How to found a trustable VO and aggregate reliable resources and users for the cross-domain collaboration in a CI becomes an important issue. In this work, a VO membership evaluation system (VOMES) is proposed to address this new challenge brought by the CI environment. VOMES includes a layered reputation system and a committee-based decision-making method to verify a new applicant to a VO and maintain corresponding VO trust levels. Simulation results show that our reputation system is accurate, robust and stable. VOMES can automatically help members in a CI environment establish and maintain VOs with high trust levels.

]]> 10.1504/IJNVO.2012.045213 International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations, Vol. 10, No. 1 (2012) pp. 88 - 108 Junwei Cao; Zhen Wang Research Institute of Information Technology, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. ' Research Institute of Information Technology, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China cyberinfrastructure grid computing trust management reputation calculation VOMES membership evaluation geographically distributed resources resource sharing multiple organisations geographic distribution computing demands researchers scientists reliable resources users cross-domain collaboration layered reputations committees decision-making applicant verification new applicants trust levels simulation results accuracy robustness stability networks virtual organisations web based organisations online organisations networking world wide web internet. 2012-01-31T23:20:50-05:00 10 1 88 108 2012-01-31T23:20:50-05:00