International Journal of Nano and Biomaterials http://www.inderscience.com/browse/index.php?journalID=230&year=2011&vol=3&issue=3 Inderscience Publishers Ltd en-uk International Journal of Nano and Biomaterials 1752-8933 1752-8941 © 2011 Inderscience Publishers Ltd editor@inderscience.com https://www.inderscience.com/images/files/coverImgs/ijnbm_scoverijnbm.jpg http://www.inderscience.com/browse/index.php?journalID=230&year=2011&vol=3&issue=3 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=42130 By using premixed calcium phosphate cement (CPC) the handling properties of the cement are drastically improved, which is a challenge for traditional injectable CPC. In this article, a premixed acidic CPC has been compared to a conventional water mixed brushite cement to evaluate whether the premixed concept affects the biological response. The cements were evaluated regarding the pH-variation in simulated body fluid (SBF). Further, the biocompatibility of the cement with human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) was studied in vitro and eventual inflammation properties studied in vivo, after subcutaneous material injections in rats. A larger pH decrease was seen for the conventional cement than the premixed cement in SBF. For both materials, > 90% of the MSC remained alive in vitro. No systemic or macroscopic inflammation was detected, only a mild microscopic inflammation was detected around both materials. In addition to the handling benefit of premixed cements compared to conventional water mixed CPC, the premixed CPC in the present study demonstrated high and in comparison to conventional CPC comparable biocompability, both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of an injectable premixed calcium phosphate cement; cell viability and immunological response from rat
J. Aberg, H.B. Henriksson, H. Engqvist, A. Palmquist, A. Lindahl, P. Thomsen, H. Brisby
International Journal of Nano and Biomaterials, Vol. 3, No. 3 (2011) pp. 203 - 221
By using premixed calcium phosphate cement (CPC) the handling properties of the cement are drastically improved, which is a challenge for traditional injectable CPC. In this article, a premixed acidic CPC has been compared to a conventional water mixed brushite cement to evaluate whether the premixed concept affects the biological response. The cements were evaluated regarding the pH-variation in simulated body fluid (SBF). Further, the biocompatibility of the cement with human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) was studied in vitro and eventual inflammation properties studied in vivo, after subcutaneous material injections in rats. A larger pH decrease was seen for the conventional cement than the premixed cement in SBF. For both materials, > 90% of the MSC remained alive in vitro. No systemic or macroscopic inflammation was detected, only a mild microscopic inflammation was detected around both materials. In addition to the handling benefit of premixed cements compared to conventional water mixed CPC, the premixed CPC in the present study demonstrated high and in comparison to conventional CPC comparable biocompability, both in vitro and in vivo.

]]> 10.1504/IJNBM.2011.042130 International Journal of Nano and Biomaterials, Vol. 3, No. 3 (2011) pp. 203 - 221 J. Aberg H.B. Henriksson H. Engqvist A. Palmquist A. Lindahl P. Thomsen H. Brisby Applied Materials Science, Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala University, Regementsvagen 1, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden. ' Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden. ' Applied Materials Science, Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala University, Regementsvagen 1, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden. ' Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Clinical Sciences, Gothenburg University, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden. ' Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden. ' Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Clinical Sciences, Gothenburg University, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden. ' Department of Orthopaedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg University, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden premixed CPC in vitro evaluation in vivo evaluation rats injectable CPC mesenchymal stem cells MSC calcium phosphate cement immunological response brushite monetite cell viability biocompatibility pH variation simulated body fluid inflammation premixed cements. 2011-08-28T23:20:50-05:00 3 3 203 221 2011-08-28T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=42131 In this study, a physiological-based mathematical model was developed to describe and compare the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) of nanoparticles after intravenous (IV), oral, and pulmonary exposure. The development of the model was based on physiological principles, compartmental analysis, and mathematical modelling. The human body was separated into compartments and their mass-time profiles were simulated. Mathematical equations describing the intercompartmental transportation of nanoparticles were developed based on first order kinetics. Nanoparticle biodistribution in all the tissues and organs was analysed for comparison among the administration routes. Sensitivity of transportation coefficients were calculated for evaluation of their relative importance to the output of the model. The model indicates some interesting aspects of administration route extrapolation, explains many published observations of nanoparticle ADME and proves to give a comprehensive understanding of nanoparticle ADME compared to traditional pharmacokinetic models. Mathematical modelling of nanoparticle biodistribution: extrapolation among intravenous, oral and pulmonary administration routes
Mingguang Li, Joshua Reineke
International Journal of Nano and Biomaterials, Vol. 3, No. 3 (2011) pp. 222 - 238
In this study, a physiological-based mathematical model was developed to describe and compare the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) of nanoparticles after intravenous (IV), oral, and pulmonary exposure. The development of the model was based on physiological principles, compartmental analysis, and mathematical modelling. The human body was separated into compartments and their mass-time profiles were simulated. Mathematical equations describing the intercompartmental transportation of nanoparticles were developed based on first order kinetics. Nanoparticle biodistribution in all the tissues and organs was analysed for comparison among the administration routes. Sensitivity of transportation coefficients were calculated for evaluation of their relative importance to the output of the model. The model indicates some interesting aspects of administration route extrapolation, explains many published observations of nanoparticle ADME and proves to give a comprehensive understanding of nanoparticle ADME compared to traditional pharmacokinetic models.

]]> 10.1504/IJNBM.2011.042131 International Journal of Nano and Biomaterials, Vol. 3, No. 3 (2011) pp. 222 - 238 Mingguang Li Joshua Reineke Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. ' Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA physiologically-based pharmacokinetic models nanoparticles nanoparticle biodistribution oral exposure intravenous exposure IV exposure pulmonary exposure sensitivity analysis mathematical modelling human tissue human organs administration routes nanoparticle absorption nanoparticle distribution nanoparticle metabolism nanoparticle elimination. 2011-08-28T23:20:50-05:00 3 3 222 238 2011-08-28T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=42132 Prostate cancer is one of the major cancer affecting men in India. After lung cancer, prostate cancer has caused large number of deaths in India. Nanowire is the biosensor used for detection of cancer. In this paper, we present a design of nanowire array sensor for prostate cancer detection. A sensor array of 8 × 8 elements is designed to capture the PSA present in the blood that helps in detecting the presence of prostate cancer. An experimental setup has been developed using the biosensors lab from Nanohub.org. Based on the experimental setup the nanowire sensor is characterised for PSA detection. The sensitivity of detection is increased by use of sensor array. Design and analysis of nanowire sensor array for prostate cancer detection
S.M. Ushaa, M. Madhavilatha, G. Madhusudhan Rao
International Journal of Nano and Biomaterials, Vol. 3, No. 3 (2011) pp. 239 - 255
Prostate cancer is one of the major cancer affecting men in India. After lung cancer, prostate cancer has caused large number of deaths in India. Nanowire is the biosensor used for detection of cancer. In this paper, we present a design of nanowire array sensor for prostate cancer detection. A sensor array of 8 × 8 elements is designed to capture the PSA present in the blood that helps in detecting the presence of prostate cancer. An experimental setup has been developed using the biosensors lab from Nanohub.org. Based on the experimental setup the nanowire sensor is characterised for PSA detection. The sensitivity of detection is increased by use of sensor array.

]]> 10.1504/IJNBM.2011.042132 International Journal of Nano and Biomaterials, Vol. 3, No. 3 (2011) pp. 239 - 255 S.M. Ushaa M. Madhavilatha G. Madhusudhan Rao Flat no: 201, Sri Sai Enclave, New Indira Nagar, Adjacent to SGS Arts College, Tirupathi-517501, Andhra Pradesh, India. ' JNTU Hyderabad, Kukatpally, Hyderabad-500085, Andhra Pradesh, India. ' 303, MK Sun Rise Housing Board Apartments, PM Palem, Visakhapatnam-530041, Andhra Pradesh, India nanobiosensors nanowires nanosensors biosensors prostate cancer cancer detection sensor models MATLAB Nanohub prostate-specific antigen PSA DNA target molecules sensor arrays India. 2011-08-28T23:20:50-05:00 3 3 239 255 2011-08-28T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=42133 Nano TiO<SUB align=right>2 as a potential photocatalyst has been widely studied for application of environmental decontamination. In this paper, we examine and review the efforts in property improvements by modification, synthesis technique and operation parameter combined with some theory analysis. The effects of the modification by coupling with precious metal and narrow semiconductor, and doping with N, S, and/or C were reviewed. The improvement in synthesis technique includes the increase in amount of doping N, S, and/or C, processing dependence and fabrication of aerogels and nanotubes. The improvement in operation parameter involves approaches to obtain appropriate values of pH, light intensity, H<SUB align=right>2O<SUB align=right>2, temperature, catalyst concentration, and initial dyes concentration. Property improvements of nano TiO2 in photodegradation of organic pollutions: a review
H.Y. He
International Journal of Nano and Biomaterials, Vol. 3, No. 3 (2011) pp. 256 - 281
Nano TiO<SUB align=right>2 as a potential photocatalyst has been widely studied for application of environmental decontamination. In this paper, we examine and review the efforts in property improvements by modification, synthesis technique and operation parameter combined with some theory analysis. The effects of the modification by coupling with precious metal and narrow semiconductor, and doping with N, S, and/or C were reviewed. The improvement in synthesis technique includes the increase in amount of doping N, S, and/or C, processing dependence and fabrication of aerogels and nanotubes. The improvement in operation parameter involves approaches to obtain appropriate values of pH, light intensity, H<SUB align=right>2O<SUB align=right>2, temperature, catalyst concentration, and initial dyes concentration.

]]> 10.1504/IJNBM.2011.042133 International Journal of Nano and Biomaterials, Vol. 3, No. 3 (2011) pp. 256 - 281 H.Y. He Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology for Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, 710021, China TiO2 photocatalysts modification aerogels nanotubes property improvement titanium dioxide nano titania nanomaterials synthesis improvement nanoparticles operation parameters photodegradation organic pollutants environmental pollution. 2011-08-28T23:20:50-05:00 3 3 256 281 2011-08-28T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=42134 Amelogenins are extracellular matrix proteins used for the topical treatment of chronically inflamed tissues. The influence of amelogenins on human monocyte-derived macrophages was studied by measuring the concentrations of cytokines in culture supernatants. The interactions of cells and protein aggregates were visualised by transmission electron microscopy. The amelogenin treatment of macrophages increased several pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, including alternative macrophage activation marker AMAC-1 (p < 0.001) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF; p < 0.001). The levels were independent of cytochalasin B, although amelogenin aggregates were ingested by macrophages. Amelogenin effect was compared with that of tyrosine-rich amelogenin peptide, which apart from augmented VEGF levels (p < 0.05), had no significant influence on the other cytokines analysed. In conclusion, amelogenins increased the macrophage release of key cell mediators involved in tissue repair. The effect was independent of phagocytosis, implying a receptor-mediated signal. The markedly increased levels of AMAC-1 suggest that amelogenins promote a reparative macrophage phenotype. Amelogenins promote an alternatively activated macrophage phenotype in vitro
Sofia Almqvist, Maria Werthen, S. Petter Lyngstadaas, Magnus S. Agren, Peter Thomsen
International Journal of Nano and Biomaterials, Vol. 3, No. 3 (2011) pp. 282 - 298
Amelogenins are extracellular matrix proteins used for the topical treatment of chronically inflamed tissues. The influence of amelogenins on human monocyte-derived macrophages was studied by measuring the concentrations of cytokines in culture supernatants. The interactions of cells and protein aggregates were visualised by transmission electron microscopy. The amelogenin treatment of macrophages increased several pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, including alternative macrophage activation marker AMAC-1 (p < 0.001) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF; p < 0.001). The levels were independent of cytochalasin B, although amelogenin aggregates were ingested by macrophages. Amelogenin effect was compared with that of tyrosine-rich amelogenin peptide, which apart from augmented VEGF levels (p < 0.05), had no significant influence on the other cytokines analysed. In conclusion, amelogenins increased the macrophage release of key cell mediators involved in tissue repair. The effect was independent of phagocytosis, implying a receptor-mediated signal. The markedly increased levels of AMAC-1 suggest that amelogenins promote a reparative macrophage phenotype.

]]> 10.1504/IJNBM.2011.042134 International Journal of Nano and Biomaterials, Vol. 3, No. 3 (2011) pp. 282 - 298 Sofia Almqvist Maria Werthen S. Petter Lyngstadaas Magnus S. Agren Peter Thomsen Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 412, SE-405 30 Goteborg, Sweden; Institute of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Box 11119, SE-413 46 Goteborg, Sweden; Molnlycke Health Care AB, Box 13080, SE-402 52 Goteborg, Sweden. ' Institute of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Box 11119, SE-413 46 Goteborg, Sweden; Molnlycke Health Care AB, Box 13080, SE-402 52 Goteborg, Sweden. ' Department of Biomaterials, The Dental Faculty, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1109, Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. ' Department of Surgery K and Copenhagen Wound Healing Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, DK-2400 Copenhagen, Denmark. ' Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 412, SE-405 30 Goteborg, Sweden; Institute of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Box 11119, SE-413 46 Goteborg, Sweden; BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Centre of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, P.O. Box 412, SE-405 30 Goteborg, Sweden amelogenins extracellular matrix ECM monocyte macrophages self-assembly cytokines tissue repair tissue regeneration alternative activation inflamed tissues cells protein aggregates reparative macrophage phenotype. 2011-08-28T23:20:50-05:00 3 3 282 298 2011-08-28T23:20:50-05:00