Most recent issue published online in the International Journal of Liability and Scientific Enquiry.
International Journal of Liability and Scientific Enquiry
http://www.inderscience.com/browse/index.php?journalID=88&year=2014&vol=7&issue=1
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International Journal of Liability and Scientific Enquiry
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© 2014 Inderscience Publishers Ltd
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International Journal of Liability and Scientific Enquiry
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http://www.inderscience.com/browse/index.php?journalID=88&year=2014&vol=7&issue=1
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Minority right to freedom of religion in international legal instruments and the Shari'ah
http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=71241
The right of the minorities to the freedom of religion is at centre stage in human rights discourse. The right has been enshrined in many national and international legal instruments. Nevertheless, violations of the minorities' right to freedom of religion are widely witnessed across states. This paper analyses the minority rights to freedom of religion from international law and the Shari'ah perspectives. To enrich the legal analysis, many international legal instruments and the Qur'an and Sunnah of the Prophet (s.a.w.) and opinions of Muslim scholars are used. It finds that international law has not offered much protection to the rights of religious minorities as there are inadequate firm guidelines on the rights of minorities. More so, the available legal frameworks are not realistic to protect the rights of minorities across states. This has led to continuous violations of many minority rights to practise their religion across nations.
Minority right to freedom of religion in international legal instruments and the Shari'ah
Hunud Abia Kadouf; Abdulfatai O. Sambo
International Journal of Liability and Scientific Enquiry, Vol. 7, No. 1 (2014) pp. 1 - 17
The right of the minorities to the freedom of religion is at centre stage in human rights discourse. The right has been enshrined in many national and international legal instruments. Nevertheless, violations of the minorities' right to freedom of religion are widely witnessed across states. This paper analyses the minority rights to freedom of religion from international law and the Shari'ah perspectives. To enrich the legal analysis, many international legal instruments and the Qur'an and Sunnah of the Prophet (s.a.w.) and opinions of Muslim scholars are used. It finds that international law has not offered much protection to the rights of religious minorities as there are inadequate firm guidelines on the rights of minorities. More so, the available legal frameworks are not realistic to protect the rights of minorities across states. This has led to continuous violations of many minority rights to practise their religion across nations.]]>
10.1504/IJLSE.2014.071241
International Journal of Liability and Scientific Enquiry, Vol. 7, No. 1 (2014) pp. 1 - 17
Hunud Abia Kadouf
Abdulfatai O. Sambo
The Dean's Office, AIKOL, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), 53100, Gombak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ' PG Unit, AIKOL, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), 53100, Gombak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
international law
Shariah law
minority rights
peace
human rights
Myanmar
Burma
Libya
religious belief
religious practice
religious freedom
freedom of religion
religious minorities
2015-08-18T23:20:50-05:00
Copyright © 2015 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
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17
2015-08-18T23:20:50-05:00
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Study of blocking patents and many patents strategy by Japanese big companies
http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=71242
Japanese companies obtain numerous patents in Japan. However, half of these patents are not used according to the survey of Japan Patent Office. The survey shows 30% of patents are blocking patents which are included in unused patents. In this study, we conducted an investigation through documentary analysis and questionnaires to determine the reason for the behaviour of Japanese companies. The result of our research showed that Japanese companies register patents to thwart competition as an R&D strategy and get a first mover advantage.
Study of blocking patents and many patents strategy by Japanese big companies
Yoshifumi Okuda; Yoshitoshi Tanaka
International Journal of Liability and Scientific Enquiry, Vol. 7, No. 1 (2014) pp. 18 - 31
Japanese companies obtain numerous patents in Japan. However, half of these patents are not used according to the survey of Japan Patent Office. The survey shows 30% of patents are blocking patents which are included in unused patents. In this study, we conducted an investigation through documentary analysis and questionnaires to determine the reason for the behaviour of Japanese companies. The result of our research showed that Japanese companies register patents to thwart competition as an R&D strategy and get a first mover advantage.]]>
10.1504/IJLSE.2014.071242
International Journal of Liability and Scientific Enquiry, Vol. 7, No. 1 (2014) pp. 18 - 31
Yoshifumi Okuda
Yoshitoshi Tanaka
Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Campus Innovation Center, 3-3-6, Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-0023 Japan ' Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Campus Innovation Center, 3-3-6, Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-0023 Japan
patent strategy
blocking patents
defensive patents
unused patents
Japanese patents
Japan
R&D strategy
research and development
first mover advantage
intellectual property
2015-08-18T23:20:50-05:00
Copyright © 2015 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
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2015-08-18T23:20:50-05:00
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Defining the technical roadmap in filtering technology for hydraulic excavators using customers' patent information
http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=71243
Today, final products are assembled with various parts provided by many suppliers working to satisfy their customer's demands. Here, business to business (B2B) exists in the real business situation. However, while suppliers investigate their competitors' patent information, they have paid little attention on their customers' patent information, which is crucial in determining the direction of R&D. The purpose of this research is to highlight the importance of analysing the customers' patent information and proposing how to draft 'technical roadmap' of future products by using customers' patent information. In this paper, we focused on a supplier producing oil-filter for construction machinery industry and proposed a process on how to define the technical roadmap of the supplier through customers' patent information.
Defining the technical roadmap in filtering technology for hydraulic excavators using customers' patent information
Yoshinori Tsurusaki; Yoshitoshi Tanaka
International Journal of Liability and Scientific Enquiry, Vol. 7, No. 1 (2014) pp. 32 - 48
Today, final products are assembled with various parts provided by many suppliers working to satisfy their customer's demands. Here, business to business (B2B) exists in the real business situation. However, while suppliers investigate their competitors' patent information, they have paid little attention on their customers' patent information, which is crucial in determining the direction of R&D. The purpose of this research is to highlight the importance of analysing the customers' patent information and proposing how to draft 'technical roadmap' of future products by using customers' patent information. In this paper, we focused on a supplier producing oil-filter for construction machinery industry and proposed a process on how to define the technical roadmap of the supplier through customers' patent information.]]>
10.1504/IJLSE.2014.071243
International Journal of Liability and Scientific Enquiry, Vol. 7, No. 1 (2014) pp. 32 - 48
Yoshinori Tsurusaki
Yoshitoshi Tanaka
Yamashin-Filter Corp., 5-32-84 Sugita, Isogo-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 235-0033, Japan ' Graduate School of Innovation Management, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Campus Innovation Center 908N, 3-3-6, Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-0023, Japan
technical roadmap
filtering technology
hydraulic excavators
customer patents
patent information
suppliers
oil filters
construction machinery
business to business
B2B
intellectual property
final assembly
product development
2015-08-18T23:20:50-05:00
Copyright © 2015 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
7
1
32
48
2015-08-18T23:20:50-05:00
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A comparative study of in-house R&D and joint R&D using patent information analysis
http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=71244
This research compares and discusses in-house R&D and joint R&D, focusing on the ratio of patent granting and the level of inventive step of the inventions described in patent applications and patents, by using patent information analysis. The result of the R&D study shows that the level of inventive step of in-house inventions increases along with the progress of R&D activities, while the level of inventive step of joint R&D does not increase, but satisfies the company's demand to absorb outside technologies with higher ratio of patent registration, etc. Companies are expected not only to create their own core technologies without joint R&D, but also to define the targeted technologies which can be absorbed efficiently from external partners.
A comparative study of in-house R&D and joint R&D using patent information analysis
Toshio Hashimoto; Yoshitoshi Tanaka
International Journal of Liability and Scientific Enquiry, Vol. 7, No. 1 (2014) pp. 49 - 63
This research compares and discusses in-house R&D and joint R&D, focusing on the ratio of patent granting and the level of inventive step of the inventions described in patent applications and patents, by using patent information analysis. The result of the R&D study shows that the level of inventive step of in-house inventions increases along with the progress of R&D activities, while the level of inventive step of joint R&D does not increase, but satisfies the company's demand to absorb outside technologies with higher ratio of patent registration, etc. Companies are expected not only to create their own core technologies without joint R&D, but also to define the targeted technologies which can be absorbed efficiently from external partners.]]>
10.1504/IJLSE.2014.071244
International Journal of Liability and Scientific Enquiry, Vol. 7, No. 1 (2014) pp. 49 - 63
Toshio Hashimoto
Yoshitoshi Tanaka
Graduate School of Innovation Management, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan ' Graduate School of Innovation Management, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
joint R&D
in-house R&D
research and development
patent analysis
co-owned patents
patent applications
inventive steps
external technology
external partners
Japan
granting patents
intellectual property
2015-08-18T23:20:50-05:00
Copyright © 2015 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
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63
2015-08-18T23:20:50-05:00