International Journal of Instrumentation Technology http://www.inderscience.com/browse/index.php?journalID=365&year=2011&vol=1&issue=1 Inderscience Publishers Ltd en-uk International Journal of Instrumentation Technology 2043-7854 2043-7862 © 2011 Inderscience Publishers Ltd editor@inderscience.com https://www.inderscience.com/images/files/coverImgs/ijit_scoverijit.jpg http://www.inderscience.com/browse/index.php?journalID=365&year=2011&vol=1&issue=1 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=43595 In recent years, the rapid growth in the importance of electrical power quality (PQ) has created a demand for highly effective monitoring instruments, able to evaluate different PQ parameters. Instrument suppliers propose for the PQ measuring systems a variety of sizes and configurations, owing to the growing application fields. The metrological characterisation of these instruments is a problem because they must satisfy different requirements. In this paper, we discuss about the characterisation of PQ analysers, starting from an overview of current main international standards. As a case study in the paper a testing procedure is proposed, reporting also the characterisation results obtained with a multifunction PQ analyser prototype. Metrological characterisation of power quality measurement stations: a case study
Edoardo Fiorucci; Giovanni Bucci; Fabrizio Ciancetta
International Journal of Instrumentation Technology, Vol. 1, No. 1 (2011) pp. 1 - 17
In recent years, the rapid growth in the importance of electrical power quality (PQ) has created a demand for highly effective monitoring instruments, able to evaluate different PQ parameters. Instrument suppliers propose for the PQ measuring systems a variety of sizes and configurations, owing to the growing application fields. The metrological characterisation of these instruments is a problem because they must satisfy different requirements. In this paper, we discuss about the characterisation of PQ analysers, starting from an overview of current main international standards. As a case study in the paper a testing procedure is proposed, reporting also the characterisation results obtained with a multifunction PQ analyser prototype.

]]> 10.1504/IJIT.2011.043595 International Journal of Instrumentation Technology, Vol. 1, No. 1 (2011) pp. 1 - 17 Edoardo Fiorucci; Giovanni Bucci; Fabrizio Ciancetta Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of L'Aquila, Via G. Gronchi 18, 67100 L'Aquila AQ, Italy. ' Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of L'Aquila, Via G. Gronchi 18, 67100 L'Aquila AQ, Italy. ' Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of L'Aquila, Via G. Gronchi 18, 67100 L'Aquila AQ, Italy power quality analysis power system transient distortion voltage measurement signal analysis characterisation IEEE standards IEC standards electrical power instrumentation. 2011-11-10T23:20:50-05:00 1 1 1 17 2011-11-10T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=43588 This paper provides a comparison of multiple linear regression analysis with artificial neural network (ANN) and adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), for predicting the emitted radiations from a flat plate heat sink. HFSS simulations were designed using Ansoft version 12 for the L27 orthogonal array and optimised using Taguchi design of experiments method. The heat sink geometry factors considered for the L27 (six factors, three levels) design are length, width, fin height, base height, fin thickness and number of fins and the response studied is the emitted radiation from the heat sink. A meta model is developed based on a multiple linear regression method using HFSS simulations. Also, the results of L27 orthogonal array were used to train the artificial neural network and the ANFIS-based intelligent networks. The accuracy of results for the prediction of emitted radiations using multiple linear regressions, ANN and ANFIS were compared with HFSS simulations. From the results, it is found that the ANFIS outperforms ANN and regression models for the prediction of the emitted radiations from the heat sink. Prediction and comparison of emitted radiation from a flat plate heat sink using linear regression analysis with artificial neural network and ANFIS
S. Manivannan; S. Prasanna Devi; R. Arumugam; S. Paramasivam; N.M. Sudharsan
International Journal of Instrumentation Technology, Vol. 1, No. 1 (2011) pp. 18 - 33
This paper provides a comparison of multiple linear regression analysis with artificial neural network (ANN) and adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), for predicting the emitted radiations from a flat plate heat sink. HFSS simulations were designed using Ansoft version 12 for the L27 orthogonal array and optimised using Taguchi design of experiments method. The heat sink geometry factors considered for the L27 (six factors, three levels) design are length, width, fin height, base height, fin thickness and number of fins and the response studied is the emitted radiation from the heat sink. A meta model is developed based on a multiple linear regression method using HFSS simulations. Also, the results of L27 orthogonal array were used to train the artificial neural network and the ANFIS-based intelligent networks. The accuracy of results for the prediction of emitted radiations using multiple linear regressions, ANN and ANFIS were compared with HFSS simulations. From the results, it is found that the ANFIS outperforms ANN and regression models for the prediction of the emitted radiations from the heat sink.

]]> 10.1504/IJIT.2011.043588 International Journal of Instrumentation Technology, Vol. 1, No. 1 (2011) pp. 18 - 33 S. Manivannan; S. Prasanna Devi; R. Arumugam; S. Paramasivam; N.M. Sudharsan Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Anna University Chennai, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India. ' Department of Industrial Engineering, Anna University Chennai, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India. ' Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, SSN College of Engineering, Old Mahabalipuram Road, SSN Nagar, Chennai 603110, Tamil Nadu, India. ' ESAB Engineering Services Limited, G22, SIPCOT Industrial Park, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India. ' Sarvajit-CAE, No. 12, 5th Street, Bakthavatchalam Nagar, Adyar, Chennai 600020, Tamil Nadu, India radiation emissions heat sinks multiple linear regression analysis MLRA artificial neural networks ANNs adaptive neurofuzzy inference system ANFIS fuzzy logic metamodelling. 2011-11-10T23:20:50-05:00 1 1 18 33 2011-11-10T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=43600 The durability of coatings used to protect base materials can be affected by environmental factors and degradation mechanisms including thermal decomposition, catalytic decomposition, bio-disintegration, chemical corrosion and mechanical scission. LA-ICP-MS is often used for the analysis of the trace elements to understand the degradation mechanism. This article extends the use of the LA-ICP-MS for the determination of the extent of coating degradation. The method is particularly useful for the rapid evaluation of conventional overlay metal-coatings at micron and sub-micron levels in applications such as pipelines commonly found in the oil and gas industry. Rapid evaluation of the extent in micro-degradation of protective coatings using laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS)
S.C. Fok; Avin E. Pillay; Sasi Stephen; Amr Abd-Elhameed
International Journal of Instrumentation Technology, Vol. 1, No. 1 (2011) pp. 34 - 43
The durability of coatings used to protect base materials can be affected by environmental factors and degradation mechanisms including thermal decomposition, catalytic decomposition, bio-disintegration, chemical corrosion and mechanical scission. LA-ICP-MS is often used for the analysis of the trace elements to understand the degradation mechanism. This article extends the use of the LA-ICP-MS for the determination of the extent of coating degradation. The method is particularly useful for the rapid evaluation of conventional overlay metal-coatings at micron and sub-micron levels in applications such as pipelines commonly found in the oil and gas industry.

]]> 10.1504/IJIT.2011.043600 International Journal of Instrumentation Technology, Vol. 1, No. 1 (2011) pp. 34 - 43 S.C. Fok; Avin E. Pillay; Sasi Stephen; Amr Abd-Elhameed Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Petroleum Institute, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 2533, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. ' Department of Chemistry, The Petroleum Institute, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 2533, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. ' Department of Chemistry, The Petroleum Institute, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 2533, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. ' Department of Chemistry, The Petroleum Institute, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 2533, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates laser ablation ICP-MS depth profiling microdegradation protective coatings inductively coupled plasma ICP mass spectrometry coating degradation overlay metal coatings pipelines oil and gas industry. 2011-11-10T23:20:50-05:00 1 1 34 43 2011-11-10T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=43597 Snow water equivalent is the amount of water contained within a snowpack. It is important to have accurate and timely winter precipitation information for agriculture and especially for flood and stream flow forecasting. Moreover, if the density of the snow is known, then the snow water equivalent data can be used to determine snow depth which is an important parameter for avalanche forecasting (McClung and Schaerer, 1993). In this paper, the design of a new tipping bucket rain gauge (TBRG) and an antifreeze-based attachment have been discussed which would measure rain as well as snow precipitation. The TBRG and the antifreeze-based attachment have been designed to reduce the shortcomings of commercial TBRGs and antifreeze-based attachments. Our TBRG provides faster rain and snow water equivalent data. The highest measurement rate for rain and snow water equivalent is found to be 375 mm/hr and 16.4 mm/hr respectively. The design considerations, field and laboratory trials and results of the TBRG and the antifreeze-based attachment have been discussed in detail in this paper. Design of an improvised tipping bucket rain gauge for measurement of rain and snow precipitation
Rajiv Kumar Das; Neelam Rup Prakash
International Journal of Instrumentation Technology, Vol. 1, No. 1 (2011) pp. 44 - 59
Snow water equivalent is the amount of water contained within a snowpack. It is important to have accurate and timely winter precipitation information for agriculture and especially for flood and stream flow forecasting. Moreover, if the density of the snow is known, then the snow water equivalent data can be used to determine snow depth which is an important parameter for avalanche forecasting (McClung and Schaerer, 1993). In this paper, the design of a new tipping bucket rain gauge (TBRG) and an antifreeze-based attachment have been discussed which would measure rain as well as snow precipitation. The TBRG and the antifreeze-based attachment have been designed to reduce the shortcomings of commercial TBRGs and antifreeze-based attachments. Our TBRG provides faster rain and snow water equivalent data. The highest measurement rate for rain and snow water equivalent is found to be 375 mm/hr and 16.4 mm/hr respectively. The design considerations, field and laboratory trials and results of the TBRG and the antifreeze-based attachment have been discussed in detail in this paper.

]]> 10.1504/IJIT.2011.043597 International Journal of Instrumentation Technology, Vol. 1, No. 1 (2011) pp. 44 - 59 Rajiv Kumar Das; Neelam Rup Prakash Snow and Avalanche Study Establishment (SASE), Ministry of Defence, Government of India, Him Parisar, Plot-1, Sector-37A, Chandigarh 160036, India. ' Department of Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering, PEC University of Technology, Sector-12, Chandigarh 160036, India tipping bucket rain gauge TBRG proximity sensors antifreeze attachment snow precipitation measurement rain precipitation measurement snow water equivalent forecasting. 2011-11-10T23:20:50-05:00 1 1 44 59 2011-11-10T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=43592 The paper presents the practical implementation of feedback control strategy to a laboratory scaled vibration isolator platform. The research was carried out to investigate the performance of vibration suppression capability of feedback controller. Two types of controller schemes were examined and compared involving the classic proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller and fuzzy logic controller (FLC). The laboratory scaled test rig has been developed using the LabVIEW simulation, which is interfaced with a suitable data acquisition card (NI USB 6008) via a personal computer as the main controller. Appropriate vibration source was applied to the proposed systems to test for the system robustness. Results obtained in this study demonstrated the potential and superiority of the FLC scheme as a robust vibration suppressor compared to the other scheme considered in the study. Vibration control of mechanical suspension system using LabVIEW
Kothandaraman Rajeswari; Ponnusamy Lakshmi
International Journal of Instrumentation Technology, Vol. 1, No. 1 (2011) pp. 60 - 71
The paper presents the practical implementation of feedback control strategy to a laboratory scaled vibration isolator platform. The research was carried out to investigate the performance of vibration suppression capability of feedback controller. Two types of controller schemes were examined and compared involving the classic proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller and fuzzy logic controller (FLC). The laboratory scaled test rig has been developed using the LabVIEW simulation, which is interfaced with a suitable data acquisition card (NI USB 6008) via a personal computer as the main controller. Appropriate vibration source was applied to the proposed systems to test for the system robustness. Results obtained in this study demonstrated the potential and superiority of the FLC scheme as a robust vibration suppressor compared to the other scheme considered in the study.

]]> 10.1504/IJIT.2011.043592 International Journal of Instrumentation Technology, Vol. 1, No. 1 (2011) pp. 60 - 71 Kothandaraman Rajeswari; Ponnusamy Lakshmi Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Velammal Engineering College, Chennai-66, India. ' Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, College of Engineering, Guindy, Chennai-25, India vibration control proportional-integral-derivative PID control fuzzy logic fuzzy control FLCs robust control vibration isolation feedback control. 2011-11-10T23:20:50-05:00 1 1 60 71 2011-11-10T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=43589 This paper describes a fully automated method of measuring the cold and hot resistance of a transformer. The measuring scheme was developed by using a code composer studio (CCS) environment, TMS320F2812 digital signal processor and external interface hardware. The CCS allows a high degree of software modularity and provides the features that are required for sensor zero adjustment, data acquisition through ADC and analysis, and automated presentation of results. Furthermore, the experimental setup described in this paper could be used to obtain the cold and hot resistance of other electromechanical devices. The real-time implementation of cold and hot resistance measured setup and the results from a test on transformer are presented in the paper. Low cost digital measurement system for determination of temperature rise in dry type transformer
M. Srinivasan; S. Paramasivam; A. Krishnan
International Journal of Instrumentation Technology, Vol. 1, No. 1 (2011) pp. 72 - 83
This paper describes a fully automated method of measuring the cold and hot resistance of a transformer. The measuring scheme was developed by using a code composer studio (CCS) environment, TMS320F2812 digital signal processor and external interface hardware. The CCS allows a high degree of software modularity and provides the features that are required for sensor zero adjustment, data acquisition through ADC and analysis, and automated presentation of results. Furthermore, the experimental setup described in this paper could be used to obtain the cold and hot resistance of other electromechanical devices. The real-time implementation of cold and hot resistance measured setup and the results from a test on transformer are presented in the paper.

]]> 10.1504/IJIT.2011.043589 International Journal of Instrumentation Technology, Vol. 1, No. 1 (2011) pp. 72 - 83 M. Srinivasan; S. Paramasivam; A. Krishnan Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Velalar College of Engineering and Technology, Thindal, Erode 638 012, Tamilnadu, India. ' ESAB Engineering services Pvt. Ltd., Chennai 602105, Tamilnadu, India. ' K.S. Ranagasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode 637 215, Tamilnadu, India measurement systems hot resistance cold resistance transformers TMS320F2812 digital signal processing DSP modular software data acquisition electromechanical devices. 2011-11-10T23:20:50-05:00 1 1 72 83 2011-11-10T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=43599 Detection and removal of slag from the molten metal is an important aspect of steel making process. The application of infrared imaging, spectroscopic method and other contact type slag detection methods are inappropriate as far as caster slag detection is concerned. The detection of vibration due to slag flow has a major shortcoming. In the present article, a simple imaging technique is presented for caster slag detection. The imaging technique is based on the detection of sudden increase in the light intensity by a CCD camera as the slag floats immediately as it enters the tundish through the shroud in a casting operation. The camera is connected to a computer. As the detected light exceeds the predetermined limit, the system generates the indication of the onset of slag. Development of caster slag detection system through imaging technique
Biswajit Chakraborty; Billol Kumar Sinha
International Journal of Instrumentation Technology, Vol. 1, No. 1 (2011) pp. 84 - 91
Detection and removal of slag from the molten metal is an important aspect of steel making process. The application of infrared imaging, spectroscopic method and other contact type slag detection methods are inappropriate as far as caster slag detection is concerned. The detection of vibration due to slag flow has a major shortcoming. In the present article, a simple imaging technique is presented for caster slag detection. The imaging technique is based on the detection of sudden increase in the light intensity by a CCD camera as the slag floats immediately as it enters the tundish through the shroud in a casting operation. The camera is connected to a computer. As the detected light exceeds the predetermined limit, the system generates the indication of the onset of slag.

]]> 10.1504/IJIT.2011.043599 International Journal of Instrumentation Technology, Vol. 1, No. 1 (2011) pp. 84 - 91 Biswajit Chakraborty; Billol Kumar Sinha Research & Development Division, MECON Limited, Ranchi 834002, Jharkhand, India. ' Research & Development Division, MECON Limited, Ranchi 834002, Jharkhand, India caster slag detection steel making digital image processing molten metal casting. 2011-11-10T23:20:50-05:00 1 1 84 91 2011-11-10T23:20:50-05:00