International Journal of Information and Communication Technology http://www.inderscience.com/browse/index.php?journalID=193&year=2011&vol=3&issue=4 Inderscience Publishers Ltd en-uk International Journal of Information and Communication Technology 1466-6642 1741-8070 © 2011 Inderscience Publishers Ltd editor@inderscience.com https://www.inderscience.com/images/files/coverImgs/ijict_scoverijict.jpg http://www.inderscience.com/browse/index.php?journalID=193&year=2011&vol=3&issue=4 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=43625 For a power supply in a remote rural area where a grid supply is infeasible, a hybrid energy system consisting of a renewable energy mix, with a backup generation, could be a viable alternative. Feasibility analysis and determination of optimal combination of such a system is a complex task owing to the uncertain nature of renewable energies, load demand uncertainty, non-linear characteristic of components and interdependency of process components. HOMER software performs this complicated task in an easy and accurate way by economically analysing various possible alternatives and sorting them out for optimality. However the limitation of results for optimality determination based on single criteria has been improved in the present paper using analytic hierarchy process (AHP). A rural study area has been identified for validation of proposed methodology. The approach provides the most optimal hybrid energy system for the selected study area accommodating many aspects of analysis allowing suitable weightage to each of them. Rural area application of HOMER software for feasibility analysis of hybrid energy system with an improved approach
Abha Rajoriya; Eugene Fernandez
International Journal of Information and Communication Technology, Vol. 3, No. 4 (2011) pp. 289 - 298
For a power supply in a remote rural area where a grid supply is infeasible, a hybrid energy system consisting of a renewable energy mix, with a backup generation, could be a viable alternative. Feasibility analysis and determination of optimal combination of such a system is a complex task owing to the uncertain nature of renewable energies, load demand uncertainty, non-linear characteristic of components and interdependency of process components. HOMER software performs this complicated task in an easy and accurate way by economically analysing various possible alternatives and sorting them out for optimality. However the limitation of results for optimality determination based on single criteria has been improved in the present paper using analytic hierarchy process (AHP). A rural study area has been identified for validation of proposed methodology. The approach provides the most optimal hybrid energy system for the selected study area accommodating many aspects of analysis allowing suitable weightage to each of them.

]]> 10.1504/IJICT.2011.043625 International Journal of Information and Communication Technology, Vol. 3, No. 4 (2011) pp. 289 - 298 Abha Rajoriya; Eugene Fernandez Electrical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, (Haridwar), Uttarakhand, 247667, India. ' Electrical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, (Haridwar), Uttarakhand, 247667, India rural energy hybrid energy systems HES analytical hierarchy process AHP optimal systems feasibility analysis hybrid optimisation models electric renewables HOMER renewable energy power supply remote areas rural areas. 2011-11-11T23:20:50-05:00 3 4 289 298 2011-11-11T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=43626 In this paper we describe an automatic method for enriching multilingual resources by using WordSpace models and parallel corpora. This paper demonstrates that it is possible to enhance translation resources for a pair of language without direct parallel corpora, using instead a third language for which parallel corpora are available for both the target languages. First, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed bilingual model, and then demonstrate how can this model been used for overcoming the handicap due to the absence of the resources like parallel dictionaries and corpora for less widespread languages by proposing an interlingua model. Our experiments show that precision for translation of word pairs through an interlingua model reaches ?85%, compared to ?90% for a direct bilingual model. Parallel corpora and WordSpace models: using a third language as an interlingua to enrich multilingual resources
Adil Toumouh; Dominic Widdows; Ahmed Lehireche
International Journal of Information and Communication Technology, Vol. 3, No. 4 (2011) pp. 299 - 313
In this paper we describe an automatic method for enriching multilingual resources by using WordSpace models and parallel corpora. This paper demonstrates that it is possible to enhance translation resources for a pair of language without direct parallel corpora, using instead a third language for which parallel corpora are available for both the target languages. First, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed bilingual model, and then demonstrate how can this model been used for overcoming the handicap due to the absence of the resources like parallel dictionaries and corpora for less widespread languages by proposing an interlingua model. Our experiments show that precision for translation of word pairs through an interlingua model reaches ?85%, compared to ?90% for a direct bilingual model.

]]> 10.1504/IJICT.2011.043626 International Journal of Information and Communication Technology, Vol. 3, No. 4 (2011) pp. 299 - 313 Adil Toumouh; Dominic Widdows; Ahmed Lehireche Computer Science Department, Djillali Liabes University, Sidi Bel Abbes, 22000, Algeria. ' Google Pittsburgh, 6425 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15207, USA. ' Computer Science Department, Djillali Liabes University, Sidi Bel Abbes, 22000, Algeria WordSpace models parallel corpora random projection multilingual ontology synonymy translation word pairs. 2011-11-11T23:20:50-05:00 3 4 299 313 2011-11-11T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=43627 Design patterns are used as a software reuse technology, which provides a large scale reuse. During maintenance of a software system, developers can understand and benefit by understanding the idea of which design patterns have been used in the system, if any. Thus, one can say that reuse technologies such as design patterns and frameworks improves the program understanding and software maintenance. Therefore, it is necessary to automate the design pattern discovery process. We first define a multi-labelled graph representation for the design of software. Multi-labelled graph allows multiple labels on vertices and edges. Then we are applying a greedy algorithm on the multi-labelled graphs of design pattern and system design to detect design patterns in it. Using this approach, variants of design patterns as well as all occurrences of a design pattern can be detected. Design pattern mining using greedy algorithm for multi-labelled graphs
Manjari Gupta
International Journal of Information and Communication Technology, Vol. 3, No. 4 (2011) pp. 314 - 323
Design patterns are used as a software reuse technology, which provides a large scale reuse. During maintenance of a software system, developers can understand and benefit by understanding the idea of which design patterns have been used in the system, if any. Thus, one can say that reuse technologies such as design patterns and frameworks improves the program understanding and software maintenance. Therefore, it is necessary to automate the design pattern discovery process. We first define a multi-labelled graph representation for the design of software. Multi-labelled graph allows multiple labels on vertices and edges. Then we are applying a greedy algorithm on the multi-labelled graphs of design pattern and system design to detect design patterns in it. Using this approach, variants of design patterns as well as all occurrences of a design pattern can be detected.

]]> 10.1504/IJICT.2011.043627 International Journal of Information and Communication Technology, Vol. 3, No. 4 (2011) pp. 314 - 323 Manjari Gupta DST-Centre for Interdisciplinary Mathematical Sciences, Department of Computer Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India design patterns pattern mining UML multi-labelled graphs greedy approach software reuse software design multiple labels vertices edges. 2011-11-11T23:20:50-05:00 3 4 314 323 2011-11-11T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=43628 The expectation-confirmation theory with constructs of trust and perceived security is used to examine the factors affecting weblog social site dependency using 636 college students as the sample. As expected, the results of the structural equation model showed that service utility has a positive influence on trust, but the perceived security has no significant effect on trust. Trust, perceived security and service utility have separate positive impacts on satisfaction. Furthermore, perceived security, service utility, satisfaction and trust have separate positive effects on weblog social site dependency. Implications for weblog social site providers, weblog site designers, and academic researchers are also included at the end of the paper. The effects of service utility, security, trust and satisfaction on weblog social site dependency for young adults in Taiwan
Hui-Jen Yang; Yun-Long Lay
International Journal of Information and Communication Technology, Vol. 3, No. 4 (2011) pp. 324 - 338
The expectation-confirmation theory with constructs of trust and perceived security is used to examine the factors affecting weblog social site dependency using 636 college students as the sample. As expected, the results of the structural equation model showed that service utility has a positive influence on trust, but the perceived security has no significant effect on trust. Trust, perceived security and service utility have separate positive impacts on satisfaction. Furthermore, perceived security, service utility, satisfaction and trust have separate positive effects on weblog social site dependency. Implications for weblog social site providers, weblog site designers, and academic researchers are also included at the end of the paper.

]]> 10.1504/IJICT.2011.043628 International Journal of Information and Communication Technology, Vol. 3, No. 4 (2011) pp. 324 - 338 Hui-Jen Yang; Yun-Long Lay Department of Information Management, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, No. 35, Lane 215, Sec. 1, Chung Rd., Taiping, Taichung 411, Taiwan. ' Department of Electronic Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, No. 35, Lane 215, Sec. 1, Chung Rd., Taiping, Taichung 411, Taiwan expectation-confirmation theory service utility weblog social site dependency trust perceived security young adults Taiwan blogs college students. 2011-11-11T23:20:50-05:00 3 4 324 338 2011-11-11T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=43629 In considering advancements in distributed control systems (DCS), this research is directed to design and develop an application level software tool for distributed automation. The study defines specification, methodology, and prototype design of an application tool that is capable of providing services to the proposed management layer (ML). The ML integrates simulation platform, a top-level ware, by using which distributed control network (DCN) design can be achieved. The developed platform utilises the benefit of object oriented and client-server approach, respectively. Virtual DCS and specification
Sanjat Mishra; Nitaigour Mahalik
International Journal of Information and Communication Technology, Vol. 3, No. 4 (2011) pp. 339 - 353
In considering advancements in distributed control systems (DCS), this research is directed to design and develop an application level software tool for distributed automation. The study defines specification, methodology, and prototype design of an application tool that is capable of providing services to the proposed management layer (ML). The ML integrates simulation platform, a top-level ware, by using which distributed control network (DCN) design can be achieved. The developed platform utilises the benefit of object oriented and client-server approach, respectively.

]]> 10.1504/IJICT.2011.043629 International Journal of Information and Communication Technology, Vol. 3, No. 4 (2011) pp. 339 - 353 Sanjat Mishra; Nitaigour Mahalik Seemanta Engineering College, Biju Patnaik University of Technology, Mayur Vihar, At/P.O.: Jharpokharia, Dist.: Mayurbhanj, Orissa 757086, India. ' Department of Industrial Technology, Jordan College of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, California State University, M/S: IT 9, 2255 E Barstow Ave., Fresno, CA 93740, USA simulation software distributed control systems virtual DCS management layer distributed automation distributed control networks DCN design object-oriented client-server. 2011-11-11T23:20:50-05:00 3 4 339 353 2011-11-11T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=43630 Cloud computing is a fast emerging model for enabling dynamic on-demand computing and IT-based services. It promotes dynamic properties and characteristics such as scalability, agility, flexibility, virtualised and distributed on-demand computing. However, embracing this model requires careful and full understanding, analysis and evaluation of the technology, opportunities and challenges that may be encountered. This paper reviews literature, explores and discusses the notion of cloud computing as part of a continuous research in the areas of dynamic and interactive information systems. It proposes the CCM model that represents the main components and characteristics of cloud computing for dynamic systems. It concludes with a reflection on the future of cloud computing and future research. Cloud computing for dynamic systems
Khaled Sabry
International Journal of Information and Communication Technology, Vol. 3, No. 4 (2011) pp. 354 - 369
Cloud computing is a fast emerging model for enabling dynamic on-demand computing and IT-based services. It promotes dynamic properties and characteristics such as scalability, agility, flexibility, virtualised and distributed on-demand computing. However, embracing this model requires careful and full understanding, analysis and evaluation of the technology, opportunities and challenges that may be encountered. This paper reviews literature, explores and discusses the notion of cloud computing as part of a continuous research in the areas of dynamic and interactive information systems. It proposes the CCM model that represents the main components and characteristics of cloud computing for dynamic systems. It concludes with a reflection on the future of cloud computing and future research.

]]> 10.1504/IJICT.2011.043630 International Journal of Information and Communication Technology, Vol. 3, No. 4 (2011) pp. 354 - 369 Khaled Sabry Hamdan Bin Mohammed e-University, P.O. Box 71400, Dubai, UAE cloud computing cloud services cloud types dynamic systems virtualisation grid computing interactive information systems. 2011-11-11T23:20:50-05:00 3 4 354 369 2011-11-11T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=43631 Designing high-speed low-power circuits with CMOS technology has been a major research problem for many years. Several logic families have been proposed and used to improve circuit performance beyond that of conventional static CMOS family. Fast circuit families are becoming attractive in deep submicron technologies since the performance benefits obtained from process scaling are decreasing as feature size decreases. The delay and power calculations of both feedback-switch logic (FSL) and cascode voltage switch logic (CVSL) in terms of adder and logical design has been observed. Feedback-switch logic (FSL) is a clockless differential circuit family that is suitable for high-speed and low power because it offers fast switching, reduced capacitance and input-switching dependent activity factor without the need of clock connection. Feedback-switch logic circuit provides the output and its complement from a single side of the gate. Cascode voltage switch logic (CVSL) is a differential circuit family since it uses both true and complementary input signals and computes both true and complementary outputs. The logic function and its complement are implemented using fast NMOS networks. Thus, clockless CVSL gates offer reduced input capacitance. Design of high-speed low-power differential dynamic-like static CMOS circuit families
Goli Sri Venkata Prabhuji; M. Murali Krishna
International Journal of Information and Communication Technology, Vol. 3, No. 4 (2011) pp. 370 - 379
Designing high-speed low-power circuits with CMOS technology has been a major research problem for many years. Several logic families have been proposed and used to improve circuit performance beyond that of conventional static CMOS family. Fast circuit families are becoming attractive in deep submicron technologies since the performance benefits obtained from process scaling are decreasing as feature size decreases. The delay and power calculations of both feedback-switch logic (FSL) and cascode voltage switch logic (CVSL) in terms of adder and logical design has been observed. Feedback-switch logic (FSL) is a clockless differential circuit family that is suitable for high-speed and low power because it offers fast switching, reduced capacitance and input-switching dependent activity factor without the need of clock connection. Feedback-switch logic circuit provides the output and its complement from a single side of the gate. Cascode voltage switch logic (CVSL) is a differential circuit family since it uses both true and complementary input signals and computes both true and complementary outputs. The logic function and its complement are implemented using fast NMOS networks. Thus, clockless CVSL gates offer reduced input capacitance.

]]> 10.1504/IJICT.2011.043631 International Journal of Information and Communication Technology, Vol. 3, No. 4 (2011) pp. 370 - 379 Goli Sri Venkata Prabhuji; M. Murali Krishna Electronics and Communication Engineering, GIT, Gitam University, Gandhi Nagar, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam 530 045, Andhra Pradesh, India. ' Electronics and Communication Engineering, GIT, Gitam University, Gandhi Nagar, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam 530 045, Andhra Pradesh, India feedback switch logic FSL cascode voltage switch logic submicron technologies high speed low power CMOS circuit families NMOS networks clockless CVSL gates reduced input capacitance. 2011-11-11T23:20:50-05:00 3 4 370 379 2011-11-11T23:20:50-05:00