International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation http://www.inderscience.com/browse/index.php?journalID=124&year=2011&vol=2&issue=4 Inderscience Publishers Ltd en-uk International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation 1742-5549 1742-5557 © 2011 Inderscience Publishers Ltd editor@inderscience.com https://www.inderscience.com/images/files/coverImgs/ijhfms_scoverijhfms.jpg http://www.inderscience.com/browse/index.php?journalID=124&year=2011&vol=2&issue=4 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=44998 Traditional univariate anthropometric studies document substantial human dimensions with a long history. With the development of new technologies such as laser scanning, the dimensions could be directly extracted from 3D scans. The SizeChina anthropometric survey gathered more than 2,000 3D head scans together with traditional head measurements in China. This study analysed the dimension differences between traditional method and 3D method in terms of head circumference, head length and head breadth. It is found that the results from all dimensions of the 3D scans are larger than the traditional measurements. The differences for females and young group are larger than those of males and older group respectively. These have to be considered when comparing direct measurement results with extracted anthropometric measures from scanned data. A comparison of different methods for head measurements
Yan Luximon; Roger MacLaren Ball
International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation, Vol. 2, No. 4 (2011) pp. 257 - 266
Traditional univariate anthropometric studies document substantial human dimensions with a long history. With the development of new technologies such as laser scanning, the dimensions could be directly extracted from 3D scans. The SizeChina anthropometric survey gathered more than 2,000 3D head scans together with traditional head measurements in China. This study analysed the dimension differences between traditional method and 3D method in terms of head circumference, head length and head breadth. It is found that the results from all dimensions of the 3D scans are larger than the traditional measurements. The differences for females and young group are larger than those of males and older group respectively. These have to be considered when comparing direct measurement results with extracted anthropometric measures from scanned data.

]]> 10.1504/IJHFMS.2011.044998 International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation, Vol. 2, No. 4 (2011) pp. 257 - 266 Yan Luximon; Roger MacLaren Ball School of Design, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong. ' School of Design, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong head measurements 3D scanning traditional measurement 3D measurement anthropometric survey China head circumference head length head breadth. 2012-01-17T23:20:50-05:00 2 4 257 266 2012-01-17T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=44999 This paper describes a waist to hip section surface profile automatic analysing system: WHS. It adopts novel surface morphological information processing methodology, which is able to retrieve and store both the 2D and 3D information of the waist to hip section. We collected 65 Chinese females to test the performance of WHS. The results provided comprehensive 3D measurement information including girth, length measurements, and shape clustering result. Waist-hip section surface profile data automatic analysing system: WHS
Peng Sixiang; Chan Chee-Kooi; W.H. Ip
International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation, Vol. 2, No. 4 (2011) pp. 267 - 275
This paper describes a waist to hip section surface profile automatic analysing system: WHS. It adopts novel surface morphological information processing methodology, which is able to retrieve and store both the 2D and 3D information of the waist to hip section. We collected 65 Chinese females to test the performance of WHS. The results provided comprehensive 3D measurement information including girth, length measurements, and shape clustering result.

]]> 10.1504/IJHFMS.2011.044999 International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation, Vol. 2, No. 4 (2011) pp. 267 - 275 Peng Sixiang; Chan Chee-Kooi; W.H. Ip Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong. ' Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong. ' Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong waist hip 3D measurement automation section surface profiles surface morphology information processing China girth measurement length measurement shape clustering. 2012-01-17T23:20:50-05:00 2 4 267 275 2012-01-17T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=45000 This paper outlines the initial ideas and results surrounding the development of an accurate hand movement measurement tool. The system consists of a wearable glove measurement tool and a 3D interface. Real time data captured from each glove sensor will be displayed numerically and graphically. It will accurately quantify patients' flexion, extension, adduction and abduction of finger and thumb joint movements in degrees, maximum and minimum joint range and compare joint range with normal ROM values to determine the degree of deformity of the hand and stiffness of moving finger joints. The system can simultaneously record angles from multiple fingers to detect previously unidentifiable movement patterns. It measures a shift in the position of fingers in relation to the direction of the thumb by measuring web space and recording the minimum, maximum and average values during a number of tests to analyse joint movement and identify areas for joint protection benefit. Data is recorded and used for future comparison analysis. It will be the first ambulatory system to detect joint stiffness at home and will help quantify and understand the symptom of 'early morning stiffness'. Finger movement measurements in arthritic patients using wearable sensor enabled gloves
J. Condell; Kevin Curran; T. Quigley; P. Gardiner; M. McNeill; J. Winder; E. Xie; Z. Qi; J. Connolly
International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation, Vol. 2, No. 4 (2011) pp. 276 - 292
This paper outlines the initial ideas and results surrounding the development of an accurate hand movement measurement tool. The system consists of a wearable glove measurement tool and a 3D interface. Real time data captured from each glove sensor will be displayed numerically and graphically. It will accurately quantify patients' flexion, extension, adduction and abduction of finger and thumb joint movements in degrees, maximum and minimum joint range and compare joint range with normal ROM values to determine the degree of deformity of the hand and stiffness of moving finger joints. The system can simultaneously record angles from multiple fingers to detect previously unidentifiable movement patterns. It measures a shift in the position of fingers in relation to the direction of the thumb by measuring web space and recording the minimum, maximum and average values during a number of tests to analyse joint movement and identify areas for joint protection benefit. Data is recorded and used for future comparison analysis. It will be the first ambulatory system to detect joint stiffness at home and will help quantify and understand the symptom of 'early morning stiffness'.

]]> 10.1504/IJHFMS.2011.045000 International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation, Vol. 2, No. 4 (2011) pp. 276 - 292 J. Condell; Kevin Curran; T. Quigley; P. Gardiner; M. McNeill; J. Winder; E. Xie; Z. Qi; J. Connolly Faculty of Computing and Engineering, Magee College, University of Ulster, Londonderry, BT48 7JL, Northern Ireland. ' Faculty of Computing and Engineering, Magee College, University of Ulster, Londonderry, BT48 7JL, Northern Ireland. ' Faculty of Arts, Magee College, University of Ulster, Londonderry, BT48 7JL, Northern Ireland. ' Western Health and Social Care Trust, Altnagelvin Hospital, Londonderry, BT47 3RD, Northern Ireland. ' Faculty of Computing and Engineering, Magee College, University of Ulster, Londonderry, BT48 7JL, Northern Ireland ' School of Health Sciences, University of Ulster, Jordanstown, BT37 0QB, Northern Ireland. ' Faculty of Computing and Engineering, Magee College, University of Ulster, Londonderry, BT48 7JL, Northern Ireland. ' Faculty of Computing and Engineering, Magee College, University of Ulster, Londonderry, BT48 7JL, Northern Ireland. ' Faculty of Computing and Engineering, Magee College, University of Ulster, Londonderry, BT48 7JL, Northern Ireland rheumatoid arthritis assisted technology healthcare technology medical informatics wireless sensors e-health electronic healthcare finger movement measurements hand movement arthritic patients wearable sensors sensor enabled gloves flexion extension adduction abduction thumb joint movements hand deformity joint stiffness ambulatory systems early morning stiffness home care. 2012-01-17T23:20:50-05:00 2 4 276 292 2012-01-17T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=45001 This paper deals with mask shape design to ensure a statistical fit for a given population represented by tessellated 3D head scans. The mask rim curve should contact the face without gaps. This work identifies corresponding points on the mask and facial landmarks. The landmarks define a coordinate frame which helps extract rim contours (mask contours) and facial midline contours (profile contours) from the 3D model. Bilateral symmetrisation procedures are used to correct mild asymmetry in the mask contours. The statistical distribution induced by the contours on a grid is used to derive percentile contour geometries. Mask shapes generated by stacking elliptic cross sections, scaling and convex hull have been explored. 5th, 50th and 85th percentile masks are used for visual fit evaluation on a set of representative faces. The procedure establishes that the landmark-based approach provides a systematic method not only for design but also for fit evaluation. Deriving statistical fit contours and shape of an aerosol mask from 3D head scans
Hariharan Krishnamurthy; Dibakar Sen
International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation, Vol. 2, No. 4 (2011) pp. 293 - 313
This paper deals with mask shape design to ensure a statistical fit for a given population represented by tessellated 3D head scans. The mask rim curve should contact the face without gaps. This work identifies corresponding points on the mask and facial landmarks. The landmarks define a coordinate frame which helps extract rim contours (mask contours) and facial midline contours (profile contours) from the 3D model. Bilateral symmetrisation procedures are used to correct mild asymmetry in the mask contours. The statistical distribution induced by the contours on a grid is used to derive percentile contour geometries. Mask shapes generated by stacking elliptic cross sections, scaling and convex hull have been explored. 5th, 50th and 85th percentile masks are used for visual fit evaluation on a set of representative faces. The procedure establishes that the landmark-based approach provides a systematic method not only for design but also for fit evaluation.

]]> 10.1504/IJHFMS.2011.045001 International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation, Vol. 2, No. 4 (2011) pp. 293 - 313 Hariharan Krishnamurthy; Dibakar Sen Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India. ' Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India human factors wearable product modelling aerosol masks mask shape design percentile contours fit simulation 3D head scans 3D scanning statistical fit contours product design. 2012-01-17T23:20:50-05:00 2 4 293 313 2012-01-17T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=45002 The aim of this study is to develop a light-weight, comfortable seat. The idea is to shape a seat with a minimum of material by using the contour of the seated human. Twenty-five participants were asked to sit in a vacuum mattress placed on a wooden seat frame with similar angles as the car seat construction angles. They were instructed to sit in a comfortable position and perform driving movements. The mattress was then fixed, the contour scanned and digitised. All scans were superimposed giving input for a seat shell design made out of glass fibre laminate. The comfort experience of the shell was tested by 25 participants and compared with a standard BMW seat. The study shows that it is possible to create a rather comfortable seat using the human surface anatomy. However, more research on defining the specific form for the ideal shell is needed. A light weight car seat shaped by human body contour
M. Franz; I. Kamp; A. Durt; Ü. Kilincsoy; H. Bubb; P. Vink
International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation, Vol. 2, No. 4 (2011) pp. 314 - 326
The aim of this study is to develop a light-weight, comfortable seat. The idea is to shape a seat with a minimum of material by using the contour of the seated human. Twenty-five participants were asked to sit in a vacuum mattress placed on a wooden seat frame with similar angles as the car seat construction angles. They were instructed to sit in a comfortable position and perform driving movements. The mattress was then fixed, the contour scanned and digitised. All scans were superimposed giving input for a seat shell design made out of glass fibre laminate. The comfort experience of the shell was tested by 25 participants and compared with a standard BMW seat. The study shows that it is possible to create a rather comfortable seat using the human surface anatomy. However, more research on defining the specific form for the ideal shell is needed.

]]> 10.1504/IJHFMS.2011.045002 International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation, Vol. 2, No. 4 (2011) pp. 314 - 326 M. Franz; I. Kamp; A. Durt; Ü. Kilincsoy; H. Bubb; P. Vink BMW AG Forschungs- und Innovationszentrum Knorrstrasse 147, D-80788 München, Germany. ' BMW AG Forschungs- und Innovationszentrum Knorrstrasse 147, D-80788 München, Germany. ' BMW AG Forschungs- und Innovationszentrum Knorrstrasse 147, D-80788 München, Germany. ' BMW AG Forschungs- und Innovationszentrum Knorrstrasse 147, D-80788 München, Germany. ' Lehrstuhl für Ergonomie, Technische Universität München, Boltzmannstrasse 15 D-85747 Garching, Germany. ' Industrial Design Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Landbergstraat 15, 2628 CE Delft, The Netherlands seat requirements sitting comfort lightweight car seats seat shell seat development seat design comfort experience human body contours digital contours vehicle design glass fibre laminates comfortable seating human surface anatomy. 2012-01-17T23:20:50-05:00 2 4 314 326 2012-01-17T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=44979 Footwear performance can be broadly evaluated based on its function, appearance, and fit. In many cases, fit can govern functions and is hence an important property. The shoe-last, a solid 3D mould around which a shoe is made, has relatively complex shape without any straight lines and is normally made of high density polyethylene for footwear production. The most important aspect of footwear customisation is to design a customised and better fitting shoe-last. The traditional method to make customise shoe-last form foot measurements is very tedious, foot print and ball girth is used. Due to a move toward mass-customisation, it is essential to realise design automation and manufacture automation in footwear industry. With the proliferation of e-commerce, it is unnecessary and improbable to ask customers to come to the retail store and try the shoes on. Footwear customisation and purchase through the internet would be greatly enhanced if a speedy and precise computerised fit rating method could be presented. This study present a system to help shoe-last designer to select the best fit shoe last based on a given foot shape. Some novel algorithms and functions were proposed to improve the accuracy of fit rating based on 3D error mapping. A shoe-last selection system based on fit rating
Ma Xiao; Zhang Yifan; Ameersing Luximon
International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation, Vol. 2, No. 4 (2011) pp. 327 - 340
Footwear performance can be broadly evaluated based on its function, appearance, and fit. In many cases, fit can govern functions and is hence an important property. The shoe-last, a solid 3D mould around which a shoe is made, has relatively complex shape without any straight lines and is normally made of high density polyethylene for footwear production. The most important aspect of footwear customisation is to design a customised and better fitting shoe-last. The traditional method to make customise shoe-last form foot measurements is very tedious, foot print and ball girth is used. Due to a move toward mass-customisation, it is essential to realise design automation and manufacture automation in footwear industry. With the proliferation of e-commerce, it is unnecessary and improbable to ask customers to come to the retail store and try the shoes on. Footwear customisation and purchase through the internet would be greatly enhanced if a speedy and precise computerised fit rating method could be presented. This study present a system to help shoe-last designer to select the best fit shoe last based on a given foot shape. Some novel algorithms and functions were proposed to improve the accuracy of fit rating based on 3D error mapping.

]]> 10.1504/IJHFMS.2011.044979 International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation, Vol. 2, No. 4 (2011) pp. 327 - 340 Ma Xiao; Zhang Yifan; Ameersing Luximon Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong. ' Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong. ' Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong footwear performance fit rating shoe last selection system footwear industry footwear customisation shoe fitting shoe last design best fit foot shapes 3D error mapping internet shoe lasts. 2012-01-17T23:20:50-05:00 2 4 327 340 2012-01-17T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=45003 A psychophysical study was conducted to determine the ideal and acceptable foot-shoe allowances for widths and girths using an in-shoe simulator. Participants wore the in-shoe simulator product, walked, and rated the various regions of the foot. The ratings together with the foot scans were used to determine the ideal fit. The results of the signal detection analysis indicate that participants liked the perceived footwear tightness in 75% or more cases where foot-shoe allowance was less than 6.4 mm, 12.1 mm and 10.7 mm at the foot breadth, ball girth and waist girth respectively. The proposed tolerances could be useful for designing shoe lasts. A methodology for determining the allowances for fitting footwear
Emily Y.L. Au; Ravindra S. Goonetilleke; Channa P. Witana; Shuping Xiong
International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation, Vol. 2, No. 4 (2011) pp. 341 - 366
A psychophysical study was conducted to determine the ideal and acceptable foot-shoe allowances for widths and girths using an in-shoe simulator. Participants wore the in-shoe simulator product, walked, and rated the various regions of the foot. The ratings together with the foot scans were used to determine the ideal fit. The results of the signal detection analysis indicate that participants liked the perceived footwear tightness in 75% or more cases where foot-shoe allowance was less than 6.4 mm, 12.1 mm and 10.7 mm at the foot breadth, ball girth and waist girth respectively. The proposed tolerances could be useful for designing shoe lasts.

]]> 10.1504/IJHFMS.2011.045003 International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation, Vol. 2, No. 4 (2011) pp. 341 - 366 Emily Y.L. Au; Ravindra S. Goonetilleke; Channa P. Witana; Shuping Xiong Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering and Logistics Management, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 1 University Road, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong. ' Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering and Logistics Management, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 1 University Road, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong. ' Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering and Logistics Management, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 1 University Road, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong. ' Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering and Logistics Management, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 1 University Road, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong footwear fit psychophysics perception tightness shoe size preference foot-shoe allowance tolerances foot width foot girth shoe fitting simulation shoe lasts shoe last design. 2012-01-17T23:20:50-05:00 2 4 341 366 2012-01-17T23:20:50-05:00