International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy http://www.inderscience.com/browse/index.php?journalID=12&year=2011&vol=7&issue=5/6 Inderscience Publishers Ltd en-uk International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy 1472-8923 1741-508X © 2011 Inderscience Publishers Ltd editor@inderscience.com https://www.inderscience.com/images/files/coverImgs/ijetp_scoverijetp.jpg http://www.inderscience.com/browse/index.php?journalID=12&year=2011&vol=7&issue=5/6 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=45233 Cooling system with low capacity utilising solar power can be widely used for remote and rural cooling applications. This paper describes the trend of solar insolation for a period of one year at Tiruvannamalai town, a district capital in Tamil Nadu state, South India which is geographically located at latitude 12.229 N, longitude 79.076 E. The performance of a compact solar refrigeration system attached with micro spray nozzles in the evaporator chamber during specified period was studied. The analysis of the result shows that the coefficient of performance of the compact solar refrigeration system is consistent in the range between 0.3 and 0.5 during the period when the solar insolation was high and also performs well during low solar insolation days due to the fewer loads on the system. The trend signifies that the area of the solar collector can be reduced to 20 to 30 percentages for the required load during winter seasons. Also the cost analysis made for operating the system with conventional vapour compression refrigeration system of the same capacity was compared and the proposed system was found economical during operation. Performance evaluation of locality-based compact solar refrigeration system
M. Achuthan; Rangasamygounder Rathnasamy
International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy, Vol. 7, No. 5/6 (2011) pp. 407 - 416
Cooling system with low capacity utilising solar power can be widely used for remote and rural cooling applications. This paper describes the trend of solar insolation for a period of one year at Tiruvannamalai town, a district capital in Tamil Nadu state, South India which is geographically located at latitude 12.229 N, longitude 79.076 E. The performance of a compact solar refrigeration system attached with micro spray nozzles in the evaporator chamber during specified period was studied. The analysis of the result shows that the coefficient of performance of the compact solar refrigeration system is consistent in the range between 0.3 and 0.5 during the period when the solar insolation was high and also performs well during low solar insolation days due to the fewer loads on the system. The trend signifies that the area of the solar collector can be reduced to 20 to 30 percentages for the required load during winter seasons. Also the cost analysis made for operating the system with conventional vapour compression refrigeration system of the same capacity was compared and the proposed system was found economical during operation.

]]> 10.1504/IJETP.2011.045233 International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy, Vol. 7, No. 5/6 (2011) pp. 407 - 416 M. Achuthan; Rangasamygounder Rathnasamy Department of Mechanical Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, India. ' Department of Mechanical Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, India solar insolation compact solar refrigeration systems CSRS solar collectors coefficient of performance COP rural refrigeration solar energy solar power. cooling systems India performance evaluation. 2012-02-01T23:20:50-05:00 7 5/6 407 416 2012-02-01T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=45234 The growth of economy and population worldwide has caused heavy increase in demand for energy and steel. The source of energy is reducing day by day. The steel sector is one of the largest consumers of energy. Lot of measures to make the steel sector energy efficient is to be taken such as improving technology and automation of various departments. Integration of information systems for successful implementation of energy conservation technology is suggested. It monitors analysis energy management. A detailed study of Rourkela steel plant in connection with reducing the energy consumption and lowering the emission of CO<SUB align="right">2 gas is proposed. A model of energy management and control information system is proposed. Integration of energy management system (EMS) with information systems like enterprise resource planning (ERP), manufacturing execution systems (MES), and process control system (PCS) is discussed. Automation of energy management system in Rourkela steel plant: a case study
Rajat Kumar Panigrahy; Ashok Kumar Panda; Srikanta Patnaik
International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy, Vol. 7, No. 5/6 (2011) pp. 417 - 432
The growth of economy and population worldwide has caused heavy increase in demand for energy and steel. The source of energy is reducing day by day. The steel sector is one of the largest consumers of energy. Lot of measures to make the steel sector energy efficient is to be taken such as improving technology and automation of various departments. Integration of information systems for successful implementation of energy conservation technology is suggested. It monitors analysis energy management. A detailed study of Rourkela steel plant in connection with reducing the energy consumption and lowering the emission of CO<SUB align="right">2 gas is proposed. A model of energy management and control information system is proposed. Integration of energy management system (EMS) with information systems like enterprise resource planning (ERP), manufacturing execution systems (MES), and process control system (PCS) is discussed.

]]> 10.1504/IJETP.2011.045234 International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy, Vol. 7, No. 5/6 (2011) pp. 417 - 432 Rajat Kumar Panigrahy; Ashok Kumar Panda; Srikanta Patnaik Department of Industries, Principal Government ITI Berhampur, Qr. No. E5, Post-Engg. School, Berhampur, 760010, Orissa, India. ' Steel Authority of India Limited, Rourkela Steel Plant, Qr. No. B42, Sector 19, Po-Rourkela, Dist-Sundargarh, Orissa, India. ' Interscience Institute of Management and Technology, At/Po-Kantabada, Baranga, Khurda Road, Bhubaneswar-752054, Orissa, India optimisation automated energy management energy management systems specific energy consumption fume extraction systems FES steel plants India energy conservation information systems information integration carbon emissions carbon dioxide CO2 enterprise resource planning ERP manufacturing execution systems MES process control. 2012-02-01T23:20:50-05:00 7 5/6 417 432 2012-02-01T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=45235 Performance of a single cylinder four-stroke diesel engine is analysed in the light of first law of thermodynamics in this study considering 10% (B10) to 40% (B40) (by volume) blending of Koroch seed oil methyl ester (KSOME) with diesel as fuels. An energy balance study is carried out to quantify the various losses associated with diesel engine processes on the basis of experimental data. Performance parameters such as brake thermal efficiency (BTE), brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), indicated power (IP), indicated thermal efficiency (ITE), indicated specific fuel consumption (ISFC), exhaust gas temperature (EGT) are determined for each fuel operation at various loads. It was found that KSOME and its diesel blends show slightly higher BSFC, lower BTE, and higher EGT. IP was more for the blends up to B30 compared to diesel fuel operation, but it significantly reduced in case of the blend B40 indicating more energy losses with this fuel blend. ITE was also lower and ISFC was more for B40 at all loads. The energy analysis indicates higher unaccounted heat losses for the blend B40 which mainly accounts for the losses resulting from incomplete fuel combustion. Performance and energy analyses of a diesel engine fuelled with Koroch seed oil methyl ester and its diesel fuel blends
Tapan Kumar Gogoi; Debendra Chandra Baruah
International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy, Vol. 7, No. 5/6 (2011) pp. 433 - 454
Performance of a single cylinder four-stroke diesel engine is analysed in the light of first law of thermodynamics in this study considering 10% (B10) to 40% (B40) (by volume) blending of Koroch seed oil methyl ester (KSOME) with diesel as fuels. An energy balance study is carried out to quantify the various losses associated with diesel engine processes on the basis of experimental data. Performance parameters such as brake thermal efficiency (BTE), brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), indicated power (IP), indicated thermal efficiency (ITE), indicated specific fuel consumption (ISFC), exhaust gas temperature (EGT) are determined for each fuel operation at various loads. It was found that KSOME and its diesel blends show slightly higher BSFC, lower BTE, and higher EGT. IP was more for the blends up to B30 compared to diesel fuel operation, but it significantly reduced in case of the blend B40 indicating more energy losses with this fuel blend. ITE was also lower and ISFC was more for B40 at all loads. The energy analysis indicates higher unaccounted heat losses for the blend B40 which mainly accounts for the losses resulting from incomplete fuel combustion.

]]> 10.1504/IJETP.2011.045235 International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy, Vol. 7, No. 5/6 (2011) pp. 433 - 454 Tapan Kumar Gogoi; Debendra Chandra Baruah Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tezpur University, Assam – 784028, India. ' Department of Energy, Tezpur University, Assam – 784028, India performance evaluation Koroch seed oil methyl ester diesel engines energy analysis thermodynamics biofuels diesel blends alternative fuels biodiesel. 2012-02-01T23:20:50-05:00 7 5/6 433 454 2012-02-01T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=45238 Fast depletion of petroleum reserves and existing emission norms drive us to search for the apt fuel for the IC engines. Biodiesel derived from vegetable oils is being tried now-a-days in most of the researches. A number of researches are in progress to reduce the emissions by using various techniques. In this study, the injection timing of a single cylinder diesel engine is advanced from 23° to 27° and the effects on performance and emissions of diesel engine is studied in both part load and full load. Thevetia peruviana biodiesel is blended with diethyl ether (DEE) in the ratio of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% and used as fuel. This study reveals that 20% DEE blend shows a better combination than that of biodiesel among the blends. It is also observed that the advancing of injection timing results in better performance and less emission than that of original injection timing both in part load and full load. Effects of injection timing on the performance and emissions of a diesel engine fuelled with diethyl ether blended thevetia peruviana biodiesel
T.K. Kannan; R. Marappan
International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy, Vol. 7, No. 5/6 (2011) pp. 455 - 468
Fast depletion of petroleum reserves and existing emission norms drive us to search for the apt fuel for the IC engines. Biodiesel derived from vegetable oils is being tried now-a-days in most of the researches. A number of researches are in progress to reduce the emissions by using various techniques. In this study, the injection timing of a single cylinder diesel engine is advanced from 23° to 27° and the effects on performance and emissions of diesel engine is studied in both part load and full load. Thevetia peruviana biodiesel is blended with diethyl ether (DEE) in the ratio of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% and used as fuel. This study reveals that 20% DEE blend shows a better combination than that of biodiesel among the blends. It is also observed that the advancing of injection timing results in better performance and less emission than that of original injection timing both in part load and full load.

]]> 10.1504/IJETP.2011.045238 International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy, Vol. 7, No. 5/6 (2011) pp. 455 - 468 T.K. Kannan; R. Marappan Department of Mechanical Engineering, K.S.R. College of Engineering, K.S.R. Kalvi Nagar, Tiruchengode – 637 215, Namakkal (Dt), Tamil Nadu, India. ' Department of Mechanical Engineering, K.S.R. College of Engineering, K.S.R. Kalvi Nagar, Tiruchengode – 637 215, Namakkal (Dt), Tamil Nadu, India diesel engines injection timing thevetia peruviana biodiesel TPBD diethyl ether DEE biofuel vegetable oil engine emissions alternative fuels. 2012-02-01T23:20:50-05:00 7 5/6 455 468 2012-02-01T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=45239 Fuel cell technology is one of the promising systems for cleaner and competitive alternate power generation systems. When the high temperature fuel cells like solid oxide fuel cell and molten carbon fuel cell are integrated with the gas turbines, the total thermal efficiency of the combined cycle can be obtained greater than 60%. In the present work, thermodynamic analysis of SOFC-GT combined system (3MW) has been carried out for the fuel methane to evaluate the energy efficiency, exergy efficiency and exergy destruction of each component and compared with other fuels like coal gas and ethanol. The effect of compression ratio, turbine inlet temperature and ambient temperature of air on the performance of the system has been analysed. The outcome of the system modelling reveals that SOFC and combustion chamber are the main sources of exergy destruction. At the optimum compression ratio 9 and at the turbine inlet temperature 1,250 K, the total thermal efficiency and the exergy efficiency are found to be 63.3% and 60.85% respectively. Exergy analysis of gas turbine – solid oxide fuel cell-based combined cycle power plant
M. Sreeramulu; A.V.S.S.K.S. Gupta; T. Srinivas
International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy, Vol. 7, No. 5/6 (2011) pp. 469 - 488
Fuel cell technology is one of the promising systems for cleaner and competitive alternate power generation systems. When the high temperature fuel cells like solid oxide fuel cell and molten carbon fuel cell are integrated with the gas turbines, the total thermal efficiency of the combined cycle can be obtained greater than 60%. In the present work, thermodynamic analysis of SOFC-GT combined system (3MW) has been carried out for the fuel methane to evaluate the energy efficiency, exergy efficiency and exergy destruction of each component and compared with other fuels like coal gas and ethanol. The effect of compression ratio, turbine inlet temperature and ambient temperature of air on the performance of the system has been analysed. The outcome of the system modelling reveals that SOFC and combustion chamber are the main sources of exergy destruction. At the optimum compression ratio 9 and at the turbine inlet temperature 1,250 K, the total thermal efficiency and the exergy efficiency are found to be 63.3% and 60.85% respectively.

]]> 10.1504/IJETP.2011.045239 International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy, Vol. 7, No. 5/6 (2011) pp. 469 - 488 M. Sreeramulu; A.V.S.S.K.S. Gupta; T. Srinivas Department of Mechanical Engineering JNTUH, Hyderabad A.P-500085, India. ' Department of Mechanical Engineering JNTUH, Hyderabad A.P-500085, India. ' School of Mechanical and Building Sciences, V.I.T. University, Vellore, T.N-632014, India SOFC solid oxide fuel cells gas turbines exergy analysis exergy destruction combined cycle power plants thermodynamics methane energy efficiency exergy efficiency modelling combustion chamber. 2012-02-01T23:20:50-05:00 7 5/6 469 488 2012-02-01T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=45232 Worldwide projection indicated that in 2020 the situation of water resources in Iran reach to scarcity. Besides, global warming and energy crisis have forced countries to use renewable energy resources. Solar desalination technologies particularly in remote area of Iran could be a method to emancipate from this crisis. In this paper, all kind of desalination technologies were reviewed. Then, Niroo Research Institute (NRI) solar radiation model considered for choosing most potential regions. The radiation map indicated that south part of Iran with annual average daily global irradiation 5.6 kWh/m² had inherent potential for applying solar desalination. Finally, selection and techno-economic evaluation of desalination technologies was performed in capacities from 1 m³/day to 100 m³/day under four South's Iran cities by applying DesalSolar simulation software. The result of investigation demonstrated that in all cases, reverse osmosis coupled to Photovoltaic system had best performance in terms of energy consumption, cost, and other criteria which was considered in assumption. Selection and economical evaluation of solar desalination technologies via DesalSolar software
Seyed Mojtaba Ladjevardi
International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy, Vol. 7, No. 5/6 (2011) pp. 489 - 502
Worldwide projection indicated that in 2020 the situation of water resources in Iran reach to scarcity. Besides, global warming and energy crisis have forced countries to use renewable energy resources. Solar desalination technologies particularly in remote area of Iran could be a method to emancipate from this crisis. In this paper, all kind of desalination technologies were reviewed. Then, Niroo Research Institute (NRI) solar radiation model considered for choosing most potential regions. The radiation map indicated that south part of Iran with annual average daily global irradiation 5.6 kWh/m² had inherent potential for applying solar desalination. Finally, selection and techno-economic evaluation of desalination technologies was performed in capacities from 1 m³/day to 100 m³/day under four South's Iran cities by applying DesalSolar simulation software. The result of investigation demonstrated that in all cases, reverse osmosis coupled to Photovoltaic system had best performance in terms of energy consumption, cost, and other criteria which was considered in assumption.

]]> 10.1504/IJETP.2011.045232 International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy, Vol. 7, No. 5/6 (2011) pp. 489 - 502 Seyed Mojtaba Ladjevardi Renewable Energy Department, Energy and Environment Research Center, Niroo Research Institute, Ministry of Energy, End of Dadman Blvd, Shahrak-e-Ghods, P.O. Box 14665 517, Tehran, Iran solar desalination electrodialysis reverse osmosis solar still multiple stage flash MSF multi-effect evaporation MEE water resources Iran solar radiation modelling solar energy solar power simulation photovoltaic systems water supply salt water. 2012-02-01T23:20:50-05:00 7 5/6 489 502 2012-02-01T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=45236 Rapidly depleting conventional petroleum resources have prompted research for alternative fuels. Among various possible options for internal combustion engines, fuels derived from triglycerides (vegetable oils/animal fats) are a promising substitute for diesel fuel. Vegetable oils pose some detrimental characteristics like high viscosity and low volatility compared to diesel fuel. In the present work, experiments were conducted to study the effect of reducing Kusum oil's viscosity by increasing the fuel temperature using exhaust waste heat. A shell and tube heat exchanger was used with the test engine as a retrofit. The acquired data was analysed for engine performance parameters and exhaust emissions. With Kusum oil (preheated and blends), engine performance was found to be close to that of diesel. The preheated oil's slightly poorer performance was due to its low heating value. A voltage drop was marked in the electric generator when engine was running with vegetable oil. The performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine using preheated Kusum oil and Kusum diesel blend
Saroj Kumar Acharya; Ranjan Kumar Swain; Mahendra Kumar Mohanty; Asit Kumar Mishra; Susila Mahapatra
International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy, Vol. 7, No. 5/6 (2011) pp. 503 - 518
Rapidly depleting conventional petroleum resources have prompted research for alternative fuels. Among various possible options for internal combustion engines, fuels derived from triglycerides (vegetable oils/animal fats) are a promising substitute for diesel fuel. Vegetable oils pose some detrimental characteristics like high viscosity and low volatility compared to diesel fuel. In the present work, experiments were conducted to study the effect of reducing Kusum oil's viscosity by increasing the fuel temperature using exhaust waste heat. A shell and tube heat exchanger was used with the test engine as a retrofit. The acquired data was analysed for engine performance parameters and exhaust emissions. With Kusum oil (preheated and blends), engine performance was found to be close to that of diesel. The preheated oil's slightly poorer performance was due to its low heating value. A voltage drop was marked in the electric generator when engine was running with vegetable oil.

]]> 10.1504/IJETP.2011.045236 International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy, Vol. 7, No. 5/6 (2011) pp. 503 - 518 Saroj Kumar Acharya; Ranjan Kumar Swain; Mahendra Kumar Mohanty; Asit Kumar Mishra; Susila Mahapatra Department of Mechanical Engineering, ITER, SOA University, Bhubaneswar – 751030, India. ' Department of Mechanical Engineering, IGIT Sarang, Sarang, Dhenkanal – 759146, Odisha, India. ' Department of Farm Machinery, CAET, OUAT, Bhubaneswar – 751003, Odisha, India. ' Department of Mechanical Engineering, ITER, SOA University, Bhubaneswar – 751030, India. ' Department of Mechanical Engineering, ITER, SOA University, Bhubaneswar – 751030, India Kusum oil preheated oil vegetable oil viscosity energy technology alternative fuels emissions engine performance heat exchangers waste heat diesel engines biofuel biodiesel. 2012-02-01T23:20:50-05:00 7 5/6 503 518 2012-02-01T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=45237 This paper explores the relationship between technological process innovations and energy intensity growth of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the machine tools industry of Bangalore, India. It empirically substantiates that SMEs, which carry out process innovations with the objective of cost reduction are able to achieve reductions in their energy intensities, over a period of time. Apart from innovations, sales growth, labour productivity growth and technical entrepreneurship significantly contributed to bringing down energy intensity and enhance energy efficiency of machine tool SMEs. It is significant to note that process innovations contributed more to the reduction of energy intensity in more energy efficient SMEs compared to less energy efficient SMEs. Technological innovations and energy intensity of machine tool SMEs in Bangalore: do process innovations contribute to energy efficiency?
M.H. Bala Subrahmanya; R. Sudhir Kumar
International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy, Vol. 7, No. 5/6 (2011) pp. 519 - 536
This paper explores the relationship between technological process innovations and energy intensity growth of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the machine tools industry of Bangalore, India. It empirically substantiates that SMEs, which carry out process innovations with the objective of cost reduction are able to achieve reductions in their energy intensities, over a period of time. Apart from innovations, sales growth, labour productivity growth and technical entrepreneurship significantly contributed to bringing down energy intensity and enhance energy efficiency of machine tool SMEs. It is significant to note that process innovations contributed more to the reduction of energy intensity in more energy efficient SMEs compared to less energy efficient SMEs.

]]> 10.1504/IJETP.2011.045237 International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy, Vol. 7, No. 5/6 (2011) pp. 519 - 536 M.H. Bala Subrahmanya; R. Sudhir Kumar Department of Management Studies, Indian Institute of Science, 560012 Bangalore, India. ' NSS College of Engineering, Akathethara, Palakkad-678008, Kerala, India small and medium-sized enterprises SMEs process innovation energy intensity machine tools industry India technological innovation energy efficiency sales growth labour productivity technical entrepreneurship. 2012-02-01T23:20:50-05:00 7 5/6 519 536 2012-02-01T23:20:50-05:00