International Journal of Critical Infrastructures http://www.inderscience.com/browse/index.php?journalID=58&year=2011&vol=7&issue=4 Inderscience Publishers Ltd en-uk International Journal of Critical Infrastructures 1475-3219 1741-8038 © 2011 Inderscience Publishers Ltd editor@inderscience.com https://www.inderscience.com/images/files/coverImgs/ijcis_scoverijcis.jpg http://www.inderscience.com/browse/index.php?journalID=58&year=2011&vol=7&issue=4 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=45102 This opinion piece discusses the complex nature of infrastructure and integration. Lets ask another question.....
John Voeller
International Journal of Critical Infrastructures, Vol. 7, No. 4 (2011) pp. 261 - 264
This opinion piece discusses the complex nature of infrastructure and integration.

]]> 10.1504/IJCIS.2011.045102 International Journal of Critical Infrastructures, Vol. 7, No. 4 (2011) pp. 261 - 264 John Voeller Black & Veatch, 6601 College Blvd., Overland Park, Ks., USA critical infrastructures integration. 2012-01-24T23:20:50-05:00 7 4 261 264 2012-01-24T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=45056 Critical infrastructures (CI) depend on communications and information technology infrastructure (CITI) for many of their key functionalities, which is known as cyber interdependency. In this paper, we presented a cyber interdependency simulation technique that is based on the idea that overall performance of a CI network is determined by the behaviour of its components at multiple time scales. Accordingly, for cyber interdependency simulation, we decomposed CI network into two time scales; regular CI events are captured in large time-steps and data communication network events are captured in smaller time-steps. Two different simulators are used for each of these partitions and results from both simulations are synchronised appropriately. A real life example is presented to demonstrate the accuracy and usefulness of our approach. The hybrid simulation model gives significant flexibility to plug-in domain specific models into the critical infrastructure simulator for accurate and efficient solution. A hybrid systems model to simulate cyber interdependencies between critical infrastructures
Hafiz Abdur Rahman; José R. Martí; K.D. Srivastava
International Journal of Critical Infrastructures, Vol. 7, No. 4 (2011) pp. 265 - 288
Critical infrastructures (CI) depend on communications and information technology infrastructure (CITI) for many of their key functionalities, which is known as cyber interdependency. In this paper, we presented a cyber interdependency simulation technique that is based on the idea that overall performance of a CI network is determined by the behaviour of its components at multiple time scales. Accordingly, for cyber interdependency simulation, we decomposed CI network into two time scales; regular CI events are captured in large time-steps and data communication network events are captured in smaller time-steps. Two different simulators are used for each of these partitions and results from both simulations are synchronised appropriately. A real life example is presented to demonstrate the accuracy and usefulness of our approach. The hybrid simulation model gives significant flexibility to plug-in domain specific models into the critical infrastructure simulator for accurate and efficient solution.

]]> 10.1504/IJCIS.2011.045056 International Journal of Critical Infrastructures, Vol. 7, No. 4 (2011) pp. 265 - 288 Hafiz Abdur Rahman; José R. Martí; K.D. Srivastava Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Room # 3085 Kaiser Building, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. ' Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Room # 3058 Kaiser Building, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. ' Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Room # 3056 Kaiser Building Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada critical infrastructures simulation hybrid modelling communications and information technology infrastructure CITI communications technology ICT cyber interdependency. 2012-01-24T23:20:50-05:00 7 4 265 288 2012-01-24T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=45065 Critical infrastructures provide essential services which enable our society to function. Disruptions in infrastructures can have widespread effects, not only for the originating infrastructure but also, through mutual dependencies, for other infrastructures. Identifying vulnerabilities inherent in these system-of-systems is thus highly critical for the proactive management and avoidance of future crises. A modelling approach for interdependent technical infrastructures is proposed and three perspectives for the analysis of vulnerabilities are introduced, addressing the complexities associated with comprehensively analysing technical interdependent infrastructures. An empirical analysis of the railway system in southern Sweden is conducted, a system consisting of seven interdependent supporting systems. It is concluded that the proposed modelling approach and the three perspectives of vulnerability analysis give valuable insights for the proactive risk management of technical infrastructures. Vulnerability analysis of interdependent critical infrastructures: case study of the Swedish railway system
Jonas Johansson; Henrik Hassel; Alexander Cedergren
International Journal of Critical Infrastructures, Vol. 7, No. 4 (2011) pp. 289 - 316
Critical infrastructures provide essential services which enable our society to function. Disruptions in infrastructures can have widespread effects, not only for the originating infrastructure but also, through mutual dependencies, for other infrastructures. Identifying vulnerabilities inherent in these system-of-systems is thus highly critical for the proactive management and avoidance of future crises. A modelling approach for interdependent technical infrastructures is proposed and three perspectives for the analysis of vulnerabilities are introduced, addressing the complexities associated with comprehensively analysing technical interdependent infrastructures. An empirical analysis of the railway system in southern Sweden is conducted, a system consisting of seven interdependent supporting systems. It is concluded that the proposed modelling approach and the three perspectives of vulnerability analysis give valuable insights for the proactive risk management of technical infrastructures.

]]> 10.1504/IJCIS.2011.045065 International Journal of Critical Infrastructures, Vol. 7, No. 4 (2011) pp. 289 - 316 Jonas Johansson; Henrik Hassel; Alexander Cedergren Department of Measurement Technology and Industrial Electrical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00 LUND, Sweden. ' Department of Fire Safety Engineering and Systems Safety, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden. ' Department of Fire Safety Engineering and Systems Safety, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden critical infrastructures complex systems interdependencies risk assessment vulnerability analysis railways Sweden modelling technical infrastructures risk management. 2012-01-24T23:20:50-05:00 7 4 289 316 2012-01-24T23:20:50-05:00 http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=45067 A considerable amount of research is produced regarding the critical problems that nations face, yet local, national and international decision makers are not always apt to use the research for evidence-based policy making. The barriers to translating research into practice come from many sources and are often addressed piecemeal in the decision support literature, with little systematic analysis of the connections among them. To build decision infrastructures that are resilient and work seamlessly through the many decision moments of managing complex problems, it is important to have a framework for organising the sequence of those problems. This study presents such a framework and offers real world examples of decision infrastructures that have supported evidence-based decision making throughout the sequence. It draws on a diverse set of barriers identified from policy analysis, organisational management, and technology studies. The purpose of this paper is to give a broad perspective of the common and discovered challenges in relation to each other and to explore how systems thinking, policy informatics, and mature decision infrastructures can help to overcome some of these barriers. Lost in translation: overcoming barriers to integrating evidence with practice
Erik Johnston; Qian Hu; Jennifer Claire Auer
International Journal of Critical Infrastructures, Vol. 7, No. 4 (2011) pp. 317 - 334
A considerable amount of research is produced regarding the critical problems that nations face, yet local, national and international decision makers are not always apt to use the research for evidence-based policy making. The barriers to translating research into practice come from many sources and are often addressed piecemeal in the decision support literature, with little systematic analysis of the connections among them. To build decision infrastructures that are resilient and work seamlessly through the many decision moments of managing complex problems, it is important to have a framework for organising the sequence of those problems. This study presents such a framework and offers real world examples of decision infrastructures that have supported evidence-based decision making throughout the sequence. It draws on a diverse set of barriers identified from policy analysis, organisational management, and technology studies. The purpose of this paper is to give a broad perspective of the common and discovered challenges in relation to each other and to explore how systems thinking, policy informatics, and mature decision infrastructures can help to overcome some of these barriers.

]]> 10.1504/IJCIS.2011.045067 International Journal of Critical Infrastructures, Vol. 7, No. 4 (2011) pp. 317 - 334 Erik Johnston; Qian Hu; Jennifer Claire Auer School of Public Affairs, Arizona State University, 411 N. Central Ave, Suite 400, Phoenix, AZ, 85004-0687, USA. ' School of Public Administration, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, HPA II, Suite 238, Orlando, FL, 32816-1395, USA. ' School of Public Affairs, Arizona State University, 411 N. Central Ave, Suite 400, Phoenix, AZ, 85004-0687, USA translational research evidence-based decision making decision infrastructures systems thinking framing anticipation willingness resilience policy informatics barriers decision support. 2012-01-24T23:20:50-05:00 7 4 317 334 2012-01-24T23:20:50-05:00