International Journal of Knowledge and Learning (4 papers in press)

Special Issue on: “Knowledge and Learning Technologies for National Educational Systems: New Horizons for Open Minds”
Guest Editors: David Jonassen, University of Missouri, USA Albert Angehrn, INSEAD, France Miltiadis Lytras, University of Patras, Greece Ambjörn Naeve, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Sweden

• Impacts of Social Presence on User Interaction with Learning Support Systems
  by Jinwei Cao, Janna Crews 
  Abstract: This research studies the impact of social presence on user interaction with learning support systems. Two methods of user interaction, virtual interaction and email-based interaction are investigated. In a field experiment conducted in a real educational setting we ask, "Which features are more critical for achieving (a) highly satisfying interactions and (b) effective learning: the timely feedback and rich media provided by virtual interaction or the high social presence provided by dynamic online interaction with human instructors?" Both quantitative and qualitative results indicate that virtual interaction has lower social presence and results in lower user satisfaction with the interaction than email-based interaction; however, there were no significant differences in user satisfaction with the learning process or actual learning performance. Potential exists for improving the social presence of virtual interaction and applying virtual interaction as a satisfying, yet cost-effective form of interaction within learning support systems. Based on our findings, we suggest a three level strategy for incorporating interaction into the design and implementation of learning support systems. Depending on the characteristics of the learning situation, virtual interaction, email interaction and/or face-to-face interaction are advised.
  Keywords: virtual interaction, learning support systems, social presence
   
• Assessing Faulty Knowledge Management Systems in Project-Based Organizations
  by Rafael Landaeta, Cesar Ariel Pinto, Timothy Kotnour 
  Abstract: This investigation contributes an action science approach to evaluate faulty knowledge management systems. It also contributes a model of a faulty knowledge management system. We developed and implemented a seven steps action science approach to evaluate an underperforming knowledge management system in a R&D organization. We used literature and our experience as applied researchers to develop the approach. To develop the model, we additionally used the data we collected from the R&D organization. The model represents the systemic relationships hampering knowledge creation, transfer, and application in the R&D organization. This investigation addresses gaps in the literature about a general model and an approach that can guide organizations to evaluate underperforming knowledge management systems. Organizations can use the results of this investigation as a guide to enhance and design knowledge management systems. Investigators can use the results of this investigation as a foundation for further research and development in knowledge management.
  Keywords: Knowledge management; Knowledge management systems; Lessons learned; Action research; Knowledge transfer; Project-based organizations; R&D organizations; Organizational learning
   
• Adapting to the Evolving Vocabularies of Learning Communities
  by Samuel Joseph, Joyce Yukawa, Daniel Suthers, Violet Harada 
  Abstract: This paper presents a differential usage study of a web-based resource database that provides both search and associative browsing functionality. The associative browsing is based on emergent meta-data: metadata that is derived from the terms that users associate with resources they have contributed to the system. We argue that this approach provides a low "cognitive load" information-seeking mechanism, and can also reduce the effort required by the user to enter meta-data when contributing resources. In this paper we compare results from a three-month study of student librarians using one instance of the system with a fifteen-month study on a larger learning community. The results from both studies are similar in that they suggest associative browsing was at least as popular as search. However, while the three month study indicates that providing perspectives on emerging meta-data during the contribution process may help the community self-organize a vocabulary, the results of the fifteen-month study are equivocal.
  Keywords: folksonomies, browsability, learning communities, vocabulary
   
• EQUILIBRIUM PATTERN MODEL FOR LEARNING
  by Akila Sarirete, Elizabeth Noble 
  Abstract: Contemporary students are characterized by having very applied learning styles and methods of acquiring knowledge. This behavior is consistent with the constructivist models where students are co-partners in the learning process. In the present work the authors developed a new model of learning based on the constructivist theory coupled with the cognitive development theory of Piaget. The model considers the level of learning based on several stages and the move from one stage to another requires learners’ challenge. At each time a new concept is introduced creates a disequilibrium that needs to be worked out to return back to its equilibrium stage. This process of “disequilibrium/equilibrium” has been analyzed and validated using a course in computer networking as part of Cisco Networking Academy Program at Effat University in Saudi Arabia. The model provides a theoretical foundation for teaching especially in a complex knowledge domain such as engineering and can be used in a knowledge economy.
  Keywords: Learning, Knowledge Management, Equilibrium, Constructivism, Disequilibrium.