Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Luís Miguel Pacheco Author-X-Name-First: Luís Miguel Author-X-Name-Last: Pacheco Author-Name: Isabel Maldonado Author-X-Name-First: Isabel Author-X-Name-Last: Maldonado Author-Name: Carla Azevedo Lobo Author-X-Name-First: Carla Azevedo Author-X-Name-Last: Lobo Title: Migration and export performance: the role of diaspora remittances Abstract: Migration and international trade represent two fundamental and interconnected aspects of globalisation. This paper studies the impact of migration on bilateral trade, using data for remittances as a proxy for migrants in an augmented panel data gravity model framework. Using data for Portuguese bilateral trade with 187 countries for the period 2008-2017, and controlling for other determinants of trade through a standard gravity model, we find that there is a significant impact of remittances on bilateral trade both in terms of exports and imports, particularly regarding some specific types of goods. The evidence of a significant relationship between migration and trade has important implications since it can provide policymakers with an alternative option to promote trade and internationalisation beyond conventional trade policy. Journal: Int. J. of Trade and Global Markets Pages: 174-192 Issue: 2 Volume: 19 Year: 2024 Keywords: migration; internationalisation; gravity model; remittances; diaspora. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=137742 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijtrgm:v:19:y:2024:i:2:p:174-192 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Vogt Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Vogt Author-Name: Jonathan Davis Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan Author-X-Name-Last: Davis Title: An exploratory study of Incoterms® knowledge and effective use in trade Abstract: The research focuses on the usage of the Incoterms<SUP align="right"><SMALL>®</SMALL></SUP> rules in practice, whether they are correctly understood and appropriately employed, how fast companies are adopting the newest version of Incoterms<SUP align="right"><SMALL>®</SMALL></SUP> and by which parts of the organisation. The results indicate broad awareness but only measured adoption of Incoterms<SUP align="right"><SMALL>®</SMALL></SUP> 2020, and significant and pervasive misuses and misunderstandings of the Incoterms<SUP align="right"><SMALL>®</SMALL></SUP> rules. The Incoterms<SUP align="right"><SMALL>®</SMALL></SUP> rules are international trade terms that define the obligations, roles and responsibilities, the risks and the costs assumed by the seller and buyer organisations in the trade transaction. These provide clarity to the buyer-seller organisation to make the trade efficient and effective. Poorly utilised or defined rules can leave one or both parties with unplanned obligations, risks, costs, and inefficiencies. The lack of formal training in Incoterms<SUP align="right"><SMALL>®</SMALL></SUP> rules, plus the large number of functions involved, increases the use of incorrect or inappropriate Incoterms<SUP align="right"><SMALL>®</SMALL></SUP> rules. Journal: Int. J. of Trade and Global Markets Pages: 193-212 Issue: 2 Volume: 19 Year: 2024 Keywords: trade; Incoterms®; logistics; buyer-seller relationship; supply chains; global markets. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=137743 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijtrgm:v:19:y:2024:i:2:p:193-212 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Minh T.H. Le Author-X-Name-First: Minh T.H. Author-X-Name-Last: Le Author-Name: Khoi Minh Nguyen Author-X-Name-First: Khoi Minh Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen Author-Name: Ngan Thanh Nguyen Author-X-Name-First: Ngan Thanh Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen Author-Name: Nghi Hoang Vo Author-X-Name-First: Nghi Hoang Author-X-Name-Last: Vo Author-Name: Khang Trieu Tran Author-X-Name-First: Khang Trieu Author-X-Name-Last: Tran Author-Name: Duc Trung Dao Author-X-Name-First: Duc Trung Author-X-Name-Last: Dao Title: Enhancing the customer experience AI-chatbot: service quality, emotional intelligence, and personalisation Abstract: Services directly serving customers that are applied and powered by AI appear more and more in different areas of life, such as healthcare, education, finance (banking), retail, tourism, and e-commerce. The lack of review studies on the impact of AI on customer experience as a commercial service is the basis of the research team's ideas and choice of implementation. This study aims to analyse how the integration of AI in commercial services can have an impact and improve the customer experience. 335 online responses were collected, and a structural equation model was used to analyse the data. The findings show a significant knock-on effect of AI service quality perception, AI customer satisfaction, and customer experience. In addition, the findings point to the important role that personalisation of AI-powered services plays in influencing customers' trust and commitment to maintaining a relationship with a brand, thereby enhancing the customer experience. The findings of the study are useful for applying artificial intelligence technology to increase the commercial customer experience. Both theoretical and practical implications were discussed. Journal: Int. J. of Trade and Global Markets Pages: 111-132 Issue: 2 Volume: 19 Year: 2024 Keywords: customer satisfaction; relationship commitment; trust; AI security system; service quality; emotional intelligence; trust theory. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=137744 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijtrgm:v:19:y:2024:i:2:p:111-132 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dolly Gaur Author-X-Name-First: Dolly Author-X-Name-Last: Gaur Title: Management of non-performing assets in India: role of risk management practices in the wake of Covid-19 Abstract: The purpose of the present study is to analyse the impact of banks' internal practices for risk management, Basel III regulations, Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC), 2016, and the Covid-19 pandemic on the outcome received in reference to NPA management. The study has worked on primary data collected from the final sample of 111 managerial employees working in domestic commercial banks of India, using a structured questionnaire. For analysing the collected data, statistical tools of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM) comprising of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and path analysis, have been used. The results indicate that the banks' internal practices for risk management, regulatory standards and IBC, 2016 are beneficial for the asset quality of banks. On the contrary, emergence and rapid spread of Covid-19 has made the situation of NPA worse and has halted the progress made in NPA management. Journal: Int. J. of Trade and Global Markets Pages: 28-55 Issue: 1 Volume: 19 Year: 2024 Keywords: NPA; non-performing assets; risk management practices; Basel III; insolvency and bankruptcy code; 2016; Covid-19. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=136899 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijtrgm:v:19:y:2024:i:1:p:28-55 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Adang Agustian Author-X-Name-First: Adang Author-X-Name-Last: Agustian Author-Name: Rizma Aldillah Author-X-Name-First: Rizma Author-X-Name-Last: Aldillah Author-Name: Imam Mujahidin Fahmid Author-X-Name-First: Imam Mujahidin Author-X-Name-Last: Fahmid Author-Name: Darmawan Salman Author-X-Name-First: Darmawan Author-X-Name-Last: Salman Author-Name: Wahyudi Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Wahyudi Author-Name: Benny Rachman Author-X-Name-First: Benny Author-X-Name-Last: Rachman Author-Name: Sri Hery Susilowati Author-X-Name-First: Sri Hery Author-X-Name-Last: Susilowati Author-Name: Sumaryanto Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Sumaryanto Author-Name: Chairul Muslim Author-X-Name-First: Chairul Author-X-Name-Last: Muslim Author-Name: Kurnia Suci Indraningsih Author-X-Name-First: Kurnia Suci Author-X-Name-Last: Indraningsih Title: The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the Indonesian export and import of food crops Abstract: During the Covid-19 pandemic global economic growth including Indonesia decreased up to 5-6%. Trading volume decreased 9.2% and international cargo transportation decreases 23%. The objective of this paper is to understand the impact of Covid-19 on the balance and position of Indonesian Food Crops international trade in ASEAN. Trade value balance for Indonesian food crops before the pandemic in average suffered a deficit of USD 3.309.449. During the pandemic, the projection for the trade value balance was a deficit of USD 2.966.515. There is an optimistic potential of market share development for rice and maize in Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam due to the value's position in falling star and rising star quadrant. To enhance competitiveness of food crop's export, several policies needed are: incentives for cultivation, optimisation of farmer institution, tariff regulation, quota system, and import license. Journal: Int. J. of Trade and Global Markets Pages: 56-69 Issue: 1 Volume: 19 Year: 2024 Keywords: Covid-19; competitiveness; export import; export product dynamic; food crops; import license; quota system; tariff regulation; trade value balance. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=136901 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijtrgm:v:19:y:2024:i:1:p:56-69 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nenavath Sreenu Author-X-Name-First: Nenavath Author-X-Name-Last: Sreenu Title: The impact of Covid-19 on stock market returns in India Abstract: We examine the impact of Covid-19 on the stock market returns in India. This paper uses the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (ARCH), and general linear model (GLM). The data was used to analyse pre-Covid and Covid markets' daily closing prices of stock market indices. After the outbreak of Covid-19, the stock market became nervous as BSE Sensex and NSE Nifty fell by 38%. It led to a 27.31% loss in the total stock market from the beginning of the year. We find that the daily growth rate in Covid-19 cases and Covid-19 deaths are negatively associated with stock returns. Using information criteria and forecasting accuracy measures, we show that the Covid-19 confirmed cases contribute statistically significant information to the modelling of volatility and increase the forecasting ability of the volatility of the Indian stock market index, leading to a decrease in the mean stock index. Journal: Int. J. of Trade and Global Markets Pages: 70-84 Issue: 1 Volume: 19 Year: 2024 Keywords: Covid-19; stock price; market returns; economic growth; autoregressive integrated moving average; ARIMA; ARCH. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=136902 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijtrgm:v:19:y:2024:i:1:p:70-84 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yashmin Khatun Author-X-Name-First: Yashmin Author-X-Name-Last: Khatun Author-Name: Sabat Kumar Digal Author-X-Name-First: Sabat Kumar Author-X-Name-Last: Digal Author-Name: Dushyant Mahadik Author-X-Name-First: Dushyant Author-X-Name-Last: Mahadik Title: Modelling price volatility in energy futures during Covid-19 Abstract: Studies using various models have been undertaken to measure the impact of Covid-19 on energy futures but very few have focussed on identifying the best model. Therefore, this paper applied various models like GARCH, TGARCH, EGARCH and PGARCH with three error distribution terms to identify the best fit model that measures the volatility in Natural gas and Crude oil futures traded on MCX, before and during the pandemic. Further, it has tried to study volatility spillover effects of spot and futures prices for the entire duration by employing Bivariate BEKK GARCH Model. The results show the variation in leverage effect in both the futures and existence of bi-directional volatility spillover in long and short period. The findings of the study can help financial market players to have better understanding of the market dynamics of natural gas and crude oil volatility and help stakeholders deal with energy futures market volatility in a better way. Journal: Int. J. of Trade and Global Markets Pages: 85-109 Issue: 1 Volume: 19 Year: 2024 Keywords: Covid-19; volatility; energy futures; GARCH models; volatility spillover; crude oil; natural gas; forecasting. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=136903 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijtrgm:v:19:y:2024:i:1:p:85-109 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Francis Kuriakose Author-X-Name-First: Francis Author-X-Name-Last: Kuriakose Author-Name: Deepa Kylasam Iyer Author-X-Name-First: Deepa Kylasam Author-X-Name-Last: Iyer Title: Initial conditions and cross-country macroeconomic impact during Covid-19 Abstract: The objective of this study is to analyse the correlation between initial conditions and cross-country macroeconomic impact of Covid-19 on OECD economies. The study uses group-wise multivariate linear regression modelling to examine the link between macroeconomic variables of interest and the duration of the pandemic, severity of its impact, and annual investment growth rate. The main result from the study shows that variables related to debt such as domestic credit to private sector, private sector debt and debt-to-GDP ratio had significant relationship with the duration and severity of the crisis as well as the investment growth rate during Covid-19. The original contribution of the study is in bringing out the correlation between initial conditions and first order effects of the pandemic on the economy. The policy implications of the results indicate short, medium and long-term measures required to mitigate the systematic risk posed by the pandemic. Journal: Int. J. of Trade and Global Markets Pages: 4-27 Issue: 1 Volume: 19 Year: 2024 Keywords: OECD; Covid-19; macroeconomic impact; economic growth; investment. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=136907 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijtrgm:v:19:y:2024:i:1:p:4-27 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hai-Yen Thi Bui Author-X-Name-First: Hai-Yen Thi Author-X-Name-Last: Bui Title: Improving brand security through good brand risk management Abstract: This study aims to evaluate the impact of good brand risk management (BRM) on the brand security of enterprises in the food and beverages (F%B) manufacturing and processing industry in Vietnam. Through surveys conducted among enterprises nationwide within the industry, the study collected 401 random questionnaires covering all 06 product sectors. The study results indicated that good BRM positively impacted all three factors of brand security, including brand safety, brand stability (BST), and the brand of enterprises in the F%B manufacturing and processing industry in Vietnam. The study's findings provided theoretical and managerial implications to increase brand security by improving BRM activities in F%B enterprises. Journal: Int. J. of Trade and Global Markets Pages: 1-20 Issue: 5 Volume: 19 Year: 2024 Keywords: brand; brand security; BRM; brand risk management; risk management; brand management. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=138977 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Open Access Handle: RePEc:ids:ijtrgm:v:19:y:2024:i:5:p:1-20 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Angi Skhvediani Author-X-Name-First: Angi Author-X-Name-Last: Skhvediani Author-Name: Sergey Sosnovskikh Author-X-Name-First: Sergey Author-X-Name-Last: Sosnovskikh Author-Name: Tatiana Kudryavtseva Author-X-Name-First: Tatiana Author-X-Name-Last: Kudryavtseva Author-Name: Stella Nalwanga Author-X-Name-First: Stella Author-X-Name-Last: Nalwanga Title: Modelling of a regional industry specialisation: the impact of agglomeration economies on labour productivity Abstract: Localisation economies are known to boost the regional economy and its growth potential. The emergence of these effects is due to localised knowledge flows, the closeness to markets, and the diversity of services and industries. Localisation economies have the potential to increase the productivity of firms. While many studies have been conducted at the industry or regional level, this paper adds to the existing literature by investigating the impact of agglomeration economies on labour productivity with the case of Russian regions during the period 2009-2018. Our findings suggest contradicting results toward existing studies. We have found a negative impact of externalities on labour productivity. This is due to Russian business and economic peculiarities and institutional factors, such as disrupted territorial-industrial complexes, uncompetitive industries, underdeveloped infrastructure, and a lack of state funding. Journal: Int. J. of Trade and Global Markets Pages: 215-242 Issue: 3/4 Volume: 19 Year: 2024 Keywords: agglomeration effect; government; industrialisation; industrial cluster; innovation; investment; labour productivity; localisation economy; manufacturing sector; regional economy; Russia. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=138992 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijtrgm:v:19:y:2024:i:3/4:p:215-242 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maria Pevnaya Author-X-Name-First: Maria Author-X-Name-Last: Pevnaya Author-Name: Viola Larionova Author-X-Name-First: Viola Author-X-Name-Last: Larionova Author-Name: Elizaveta Pevnaya Author-X-Name-First: Elizaveta Author-X-Name-Last: Pevnaya Title: Economic contribution and social effects of youth volunteering in the early period of the Covid-19 pandemic: a case of a large Russian region Abstract: The paper analyses the problem of youth volunteer participation in the early period of the pandemic. Based on the data of a sociological survey of young people in a large Russian region, the Sverdlovsk region, a descriptive characteristic is given to the volunteer youth community that took part in the #WeTogether campaign organised at the national level of the Russian Federation. The purpose of this paper is to assess the economic contribution and highlight the social characteristics of young volunteers who worked in a large Russian region during the early period of the pandemic. To achieve this goal, this paper describes the #WeTogether volunteer movement in the Sverdlovsk region, young volunteers and their key social characteristics. In accordance with the ILO methodology, the economic contribution to overcoming the pandemic difficulties of student youth who have joined the volunteer movement in conditions of social constraints and uncertainty is calculated. Journal: Int. J. of Trade and Global Markets Pages: 314-331 Issue: 3/4 Volume: 19 Year: 2024 Keywords: youth volunteering; economic impact of volunteering; social participation; pandemic; youth. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=138997 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijtrgm:v:19:y:2024:i:3/4:p:314-331 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Irina S. Antonova Author-X-Name-First: Irina S. Author-X-Name-Last: Antonova Author-Name: Veronika V. Sokolova Author-X-Name-First: Veronika V. Author-X-Name-Last: Sokolova Author-Name: Irina D. Turgel Author-X-Name-First: Irina D. Author-X-Name-Last: Turgel Author-Name: Aksanat G. Panzabekova Author-X-Name-First: Aksanat G. Author-X-Name-Last: Panzabekova Title: "Invisible" single-industry towns in Russia Abstract: This study discusses the phenomenon of 'invisible' single-industry towns in Russia and their economic transformations in light of the lock-in effects they are facing. The economy of a single-industry town is usually dominated by the so-called town-forming enterprise, even though the latter is often a branch or subdivision of the head enterprise located outside of the town. The study proposes an original way for reconstructing the data on revenues, fixed assets and wages, which usually remain hidden in the reports of head enterprises. The resulting models indicate that such indicators as the residual activity of enterprises in single-industry towns and the number of these enterprises retain the 'memory' of the town-forming enterprise. Such 'memory' becomes a lock-in factor impeding single-industry towns' economic transformation. The proposed models and the reconstructed data increase the visibility of the Russian single-industry towns on the map of economic activity. Journal: Int. J. of Trade and Global Markets Pages: 277-292 Issue: 3/4 Volume: 19 Year: 2024 Keywords: single-industry town; invisible economic activity; revenues share; concentration; town-forming enterprise. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=138999 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijtrgm:v:19:y:2024:i:3/4:p:277-292 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Svetlana Balashova Author-X-Name-First: Svetlana Author-X-Name-Last: Balashova Author-Name: Svetlana Revinova Author-X-Name-First: Svetlana Author-X-Name-Last: Revinova Title: Impact of network interaction on the quality of higher education in CIS countries Abstract: Our study's objective is to define network interaction opportunities for increasing the quality of higher education and the social capital rise of educational process participants in Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries, considering the increasing role of ICT. We conducted an in-depth study of the CIS Network University and defined the opportunities and challenges of network interaction for each actor of the educational process (students, professors, departments, and universities). We focused attention on the impact of network interaction on the social capital of students and professors. It is shown that the forced accelerated digitalisation of the educational process caused by COVID-19 more prominently demonstrated the benefits and challenges of network interaction. Digitalisation reduces barriers to participation in the networked educational process for both the student and the professor. On the other hand, the digital divide between the CIS countries does not allow obtaining these advantages and complicates raising higher education quality via network interaction. Journal: Int. J. of Trade and Global Markets Pages: 260-276 Issue: 3/4 Volume: 19 Year: 2024 Keywords: higher education; network interaction; digitalisation; social capital; CIS countries; COVID-19 restrictions. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=139003 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijtrgm:v:19:y:2024:i:3/4:p:260-276 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Azzeddine Azzam Author-X-Name-First: Azzeddine Author-X-Name-Last: Azzam Author-Name: Sunil Dhoubhadel Author-X-Name-First: Sunil Author-X-Name-Last: Dhoubhadel Title: A dominant-duopoly competitive-fringe model of the world soybean export market Abstract: The Herfindahl index of US and Brazil soybean export concentration declined between 1980 and 2005, stabilised until 2010, and rose afterward. To the extent that concentration shapes conduct, the question this paper explores is the degree to which conduct has transitioned from one regime to another as concentration changed. For methodology, we formulate an empirically implementable dominant-duopoly competitive-fringe model and combine it with a switching regression technique to determine if there are critical concentration levels at which the transition in conduct occurred. While we do find a critical soybean export concentration level, we are not able to reject competition. Journal: Int. J. of Trade and Global Markets Pages: 133-147 Issue: 2 Volume: 19 Year: 2024 Keywords: world soybean trade; dominant duopoly; market power; switching conduct. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=137724 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijtrgm:v:19:y:2024:i:2:p:133-147 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Valentina Derbeneva Author-X-Name-First: Valentina Author-X-Name-Last: Derbeneva Author-Name: Dmitry Gladyrev Author-X-Name-First: Dmitry Author-X-Name-Last: Gladyrev Author-Name: Natalia Starodubets Author-X-Name-First: Natalia Author-X-Name-Last: Starodubets Author-Name: Jacek Binda Author-X-Name-First: Jacek Author-X-Name-Last: Binda Title: Factors influencing the initiative budgeting development in Russia's regions Abstract: Initiative budgeting as a form of civil participation in the budget process is becoming an increasingly popular tool for involving the population in decision-making at the local level. The purpose of this study is to identify stimulating and discouraging factors affecting initiative budgeting development in Russia's regions. To assess the factors, the paper uses a spatial approach to civil participation in budgetary issues in the categories of static and dynamic spaces. The study applies conventional linear econometric regression to assess the impact of external factors. As a result, it was revealed that the initiative budgeting development in the regions is largely determined by the level of democratism in the implementation procedures of initiative projects. The model results suggested a positive relationship between the average salary in the region and the amount of budgetary allocations for initiative budgeting projects. Journal: Int. J. of Trade and Global Markets Pages: 293-313 Issue: 3/4 Volume: 19 Year: 2024 Keywords: initiative budgeting; participatory budgeting; public administration; budget; e-government; e-participation; citizen participation; budget expenditures; efficiency of public administration. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=139005 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijtrgm:v:19:y:2024:i:3/4:p:293-313 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wojciech Koziol Author-X-Name-First: Wojciech Author-X-Name-Last: Koziol Author-Name: Oxana Cherkasova Author-X-Name-First: Oxana Author-X-Name-Last: Cherkasova Title: Accounting aspects of measuring the economic activity of countries and regions with GDP Abstract: The paper deals with the issue of measuring the economic activity of countries. The aim of the paper is to analyse the potential of accounting practice in improving the method of measuring GDP. Realising the objective of the paper, a proposal was formulated to reform the GDP measurement system in order to base it on data from the financial statements of every company and statistical reports of micro-enterprises that only conduct tax accounting. The suggested method of measuring GDP should be an income (cost) method due to its compatibility with the reporting data. The paper presents a postulate to popularise the labour productivity index integrated with GDP, which can provide reliable and fully comparable information on the condition of the economy, and at the same time allow to eliminate several important problems related to the measurement of GDP. Journal: Int. J. of Trade and Global Markets Pages: 243-259 Issue: 3/4 Volume: 19 Year: 2024 Keywords: GDP; gross domestic product; GDP measurement; accounting; labour productivity; income (cost) method. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=139006 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijtrgm:v:19:y:2024:i:3/4:p:243-259 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nurlan Aitkaliuly Nurseiit Author-X-Name-First: Nurlan Aitkaliuly Author-X-Name-Last: Nurseiit Title: The current sustainability and future of the Eurasian Economic Union Abstract: <i>Purpose:</i> The purpose of this paper is to study the current situation and prospects for the future of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) since its total trade turnover decreased by 25.8% between 2014 and 2020. <i>Design methodology/approach:</i> The assessment of foreign trade in the EAEU countries was based on an analysis of its overall dynamics and structure for 2015-2020. To assess the stability and success of the union, the method of calculation of the nominal and real convergence was used. Findings: Only new members of the EAEU show a clear trend towards nominal and real convergence, but not old ones. The process of divergence began to manifest itself earlier than in the EU, mainly for political reasons. <i>Practical implications:</i> Revealing the nature of the EAEU helps to predict its development in the future. <i>Originality:</i> This study contributes to understanding the sustainability of development and the future of the EAEU. Journal: Int. J. of Trade and Global Markets Pages: 148-173 Issue: 2 Volume: 19 Year: 2024 Keywords: EAEU; Eurasian Economic Union; international trade; sustainability; convergence; divergence. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=137727 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijtrgm:v:19:y:2024:i:2:p:148-173