Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R.K. Rajkhanna Author-X-Name-First: R.K. Author-X-Name-Last: Rajkhanna Author-Name: C. Rabbiraj Author-X-Name-First: C. Author-X-Name-Last: Rabbiraj Title: Clinical legal education in India through disruptive technology: the changing contours Abstract: Clinical legal education (CLE) has always been an integral part of legal education in India, and this study provides a quantitative assessment of the existing clinical legal education programs. The global spread of the idea is also accelerating. The paper also argues that CLE should bridge academic research and actual legal practice. India has made many attempts to establish a high-quality CLE system. However, this was all in vain, as the authorities failed to plan. The important period of meeting CLE and integrating technology into legal education is the focus of this study. As CLE concepts gain academic support, questions about legal education concepts and the form CLE should take have become increasingly important. More debate revolves around technology's place in the classrooms of aspiring lawyers. Nonetheless, the resulting logical concerns are not trivial. Technology may simply be seen as a tool to complement more traditional forms of legal guidance. This study aims to find out how CLE has changed in India and what new initiatives and practises are being used in this field. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 1-16 Issue: 1 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: Bar Council of India; clinical legal education; Indian Constitution; legal education; pedagogy; technology; University Grants Commission. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=143067 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:1:p:1-16 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Akbota T. Toleuzhan Author-X-Name-First: Akbota T. Author-X-Name-Last: Toleuzhan Author-Name: Galiya B. Sarzhanova Author-X-Name-First: Galiya B. Author-X-Name-Last: Sarzhanova Author-Name: Gulnaz K. Tleuzhanova Author-X-Name-First: Gulnaz K. Author-X-Name-Last: Tleuzhanova Author-Name: Cem Erdem Author-X-Name-First: Cem Author-X-Name-Last: Erdem Title: Enhancing speaking fluency in English through the use of open educational resources among secondary school students in Kazakhstan Abstract: This study examines Kazakhstani intermediate students' perspectives on using self-developed open educational resources (OER) to enhance their speaking skills in English as a foreign language (EFL). The survey analysis also aims to reveal whether there are differences based on participants' gender. Using a purposive sampling technique, data was collected through Google forms from 302 students. The practical outcome has displayed that the self-developed OER, including an electronic textbook and a YouTube channel, has been warmly accepted by most participants. Due to OERs' real-life context, simpler language, and entertaining features based on the essential elements of the language, participants' fluency and confidence in speaking English enhanced, and its persistent use enabled students to become more independent learners in EFL, taking on the responsibility for their learning. Moreover, EFL learners' motivation to learn the language has significantly increased due to the proposed OER entertaining content identified as the most appealing feature among EFL students. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 32-51 Issue: 1 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: open educational resources; OER; speaking fluency; autonomous learning; motivation; confidence; digital technologies in EFL; You Tube videos; authentic materials; entertaining content. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=143068 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:1:p:32-51 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Manjula Balachandran Author-X-Name-First: Manjula Author-X-Name-Last: Balachandran Author-Name: C. Rabbiraj Author-X-Name-First: C. Author-X-Name-Last: Rabbiraj Title: Artificial intelligence: a support system in inclusive education Abstract: Education develops and moulds humans into resourceful human capital. The use of artificial intelligence in education can fix some of the field's most pressing problems to speed up the achievement of SDG 4. Alongside benefits are several issues that have thus far outrun policy discussions, regulatory structures, and implementation. UNESCO is dedicated to helping member states use artificial intelligence to advance the Education 2030 Agenda and uphold universally accepted standards of fairness and inclusiveness. Over the last few years, artificial intelligence tools have been devised, modified, and used accordingly to bring new approaches to education. The disabled community, who were the most neglected, is now educated in an inclusive setup, though divergent, an innovative pattern. This article delves into the application of artificial intelligence in inclusive education, how inclusive education can be shaped in the future through assistive artificial intelligence techniques, and by assessing its legal personality in today's world. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 52-64 Issue: 1 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: artificial intelligence; inclusive education; education; children with disabilities; legal framework; functioning; impairment; health. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=143069 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:1:p:52-64 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Girish K. Nair Author-X-Name-First: Girish K. Author-X-Name-Last: Nair Title: What shapes online mode of teaching impact on hospitality students' academic achievement? An empirical assessment during COVID-19 Abstract: The COVID-19 has posed a challenge on hospitality education; nevertheless, the online mode of teaching came as the survival tool and it has provided an ideal platform for the continuance of educational services. As student engagement was the key aspect to be tackled by the online tool, specifically focussed on the impact of student-to-student, student-to-teacher, and student-to-content interaction on the student engagement. Further, the study has explored the dynamics between student engagement, student satisfaction, and student achievement during the COVID-19 situation. Six hypotheses were postulated based on the earlier studies on the antecedents of academic achievement of the students and they were tested empirically through the data collected (n = 207 through extrapolation) in higher educational institutions. Student-teacher interaction, student engagement, student satisfaction and student achievement are having significant positive association. The practical implications would help the education providers to fine-tune the online mode of teaching to deal with future eventualities. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 65-83 Issue: 1 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: hospitality education; student engagement; student satisfaction; student achievement; online learning; COVID-19. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=143070 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:1:p:65-83 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chien-Pang Lee Author-X-Name-First: Chien-Pang Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Cheng-I. Wei Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-I. Author-X-Name-Last: Wei Author-Name: Tzong-Ru Lee Author-X-Name-First: Tzong-Ru Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Developing agricultural literacy through USR and blockchain Abstract: This study proposed a concept of university social responsibility (USR) to develop agriculture literacy by involving students in actual procedure of agricultural production and sales. Through this study, students, teachers, and farmers' associations were connected in a course. Blockchain technology was used for a complete and accurate record. This study was held at National Chung Hsing University Taiwan during the first semester of the 2019 academic year. Questionnaires were given to students to analyse their agricultural literacy. Descriptive analysis showed that the mean of students' agricultural cognition, agricultural attitude, and agricultural behaviour were 3.3737, 3.7495, and 3.3912, respectively. The semantic analysis showed that students understood that they had cooperation and knowledge exchange with farmers' association by the blockchain technology. It was concluded that the students tended to have a better agricultural attitude after participating in the course and this USR concept had a subtle effect on developing students' agricultural literacy. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 17-31 Issue: 1 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: agricultural literacy; university social responsibility; USR; blockchain technology. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=143071 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:1:p:17-31 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Arabinda Bhandari Author-X-Name-First: Arabinda Author-X-Name-Last: Bhandari Title: Demystifying design thinking: insights from a systematic literature review Abstract: 'Design thinking' (DT) becomes a recognised terminology in management nowadays. The concept of DT is predominantly framed as an approach to innovation and creative problem-solving methods on designers' processes and practices. It is considered that DT can comprehend customer needs, can shape a firm's value creation processes, and contribute to the formalisation of the design task. Considering the importance of DT in a current business and social scenario, the objective of this research is to review past performance and the intellectual structure of DT. To do so, this study has done a comprehensive and systematic review of 124 A* and A category ABDC indexed articles from 2007 Scopus indexed articles based on the PRISMA framework. A systematic literature review reveals the performance, themes, and sub-themes in the intellectual structure and identifies five different future research directions with 20 different theories, which have contributed to DT research. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 84-114 Issue: 1 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: design; design thinking; innovation; problem-solving; bibliometric analysis; solution. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=143072 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:1:p:84-114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nguyen Thi Thu Trang Author-X-Name-First: Nguyen Thi Thu Author-X-Name-Last: Trang Author-Name: Vu Dinh Phuong Author-X-Name-First: Vu Dinh Author-X-Name-Last: Phuong Title: Building authentic assessment criteria in teaching Mathematics in the direction of competence development for primary students Abstract: Authentic assessment is an assessment form that can assist teachers in conducting the assessment as well as improving student learning. Criteria are considered one of the necessary tools for authentic assessment. In what ways do various contextual circumstances influence the creation of credible assessment standards? How does one actually go about creating valid assessment criteria? This article aims at stating the research findings about the influence degrees of several factors on the authentic assessment criteria building process and authentic assessment criteria building procedure in teaching Mathematics in the direction of competence development. Through studies of several authors, this article analyses the role of learning outcomes, standards, and several particular factors in authentic assessment for authentic assessment criteria. The authentic assessment procedure is proposed and consulted by several education experts based on the experimenting process. In addition, the proposed procedure is analysed and clarified through an assessment task used in Mathematics for class 5th students. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 134-153 Issue: 2 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: authentic assessment; criteria assessment; competency assessment; assessment task; teaching mathematics; primary students. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=145082 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:2:p:134-153 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: G. Bhuvaneswari Author-X-Name-First: G. Author-X-Name-Last: Bhuvaneswari Author-Name: B.R. Aravind Author-X-Name-First: B.R. Author-X-Name-Last: Aravind Author-Name: S. Suman Rajest Author-X-Name-First: S. Suman Author-X-Name-Last: Rajest Author-Name: S. Arun Kumar Author-X-Name-First: S. Arun Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar Title: Virtual learning styles based on learning style detection Abstract: Online learning spaces are virtual learning environments that have evolved alongside breakthroughs in information technology and the continual growth of educational ideals. Physical classes are always difficult for any instructor, and online classes have added to the burden by requiring teachers to consider the ethics, values, and viewpoints of students towards online learning. While distance learning has been viewed as useful for learners who cannot afford physical learning owing to a variety of causes, it has progressed in such a way that student viewpoints have reached a point where ethics are not considered. This paper attempts to find out the learning styles of students in the context of online classrooms and the data are collected using a questionnaire. The study was done with 322 students who belong to first year engineering stream and their perspectives based on their answers are analysed. The central tenet of behaviourism is that all actions are acquired through interactions with the environment. According to this learning theory, environmental circumstances have a much greater impact on behaviour than innate or inherited traits. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 115-133 Issue: 2 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: virtual classroom; online learning; learning styles; learning models; kinesthetic learners; visual learners; auditory learners; learning preferences; virtual environment; learning space; online medium. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=145083 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:2:p:115-133 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Manjula Balachandran Author-X-Name-First: Manjula Author-X-Name-Last: Balachandran Author-Name: C. Rabbiraj Author-X-Name-First: C. Author-X-Name-Last: Rabbiraj Title: Legal study on the role and importance of technology in education for children with disabilities Abstract: Education at all levels is becoming more dependent on technology. To provide universal access to technology, educational institutions must make sure that the employed technology is available to all people, including those with disabilities also. Technology offers a lot of untapped promise for supporting inclusive education. Universal learning design coupled with technology-supported learning has much potential, but the gap lies in accessibility and lack of resources. This paper examines inclusive education technology use, access, and need. The Information Technology Act of 2000 legalises electronic communication and commerce. Education for children with special needs (CWSN) is dealt with under the Right of Persons with Disabilities Act 2016. Coalescing these enactments is a boon to the education system as it helps target CWSN who are diverse. The study is purely doctrinal and refers to the Indian context. Indian education lacks technical and legal infrastructure, according to research. Technology will change special education. New technology and instructional methods improve special education. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 154-169 Issue: 2 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: technology; information and communication; education; children with special needs; CWSN; assistive technology; Indian context; universal learning design. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=145084 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:2:p:154-169 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Agustin Angel Roberto Chumpitaz-Avila Author-X-Name-First: Agustin Angel Roberto Author-X-Name-Last: Chumpitaz-Avila Author-Name: Luis Fernando Castro-Llacsa Author-X-Name-First: Luis Fernando Author-X-Name-Last: Castro-Llacsa Title: Comparative analysis of the impact of urban music on students of state, private and parochial educational institutions Abstract: Urban music has become a cultural phenomenon of a worldwide scale that invades social spaces and can determine the lifestyle of many teenagers. Likewise, music plays a very important role in the academic formation of students. The present study aims to determine urban music's influence on students' behaviour in their final year of secondary education at 'state, parochial, and private' institutions. To this end, exploratory research was conducted to identify behavioural patterns and their influence on their learning achievement. Moreover, a quantitative methodology was utilised through the literature review method to establish a foundation in previous works and enable the creation and implementation of instruments based on these indexed articles. The preliminary results obtained from applying the questionnaire and interview to students in their final year of secondary education demonstrate that socio-economic status, the ethnic origin of students, and the social spaces where these adolescents frequent all influence the choice of preferred musical genre and shape their social behaviour. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 170-185 Issue: 2 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: urban music; social behaviours; secondary education; adolescents; ethical values; cultural development; globalisation; academic formation; interculturalism; influence. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=145085 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:2:p:170-185 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nam Tien Duong Author-X-Name-First: Nam Tien Author-X-Name-Last: Duong Title: Why do people disclose themselves on social networking sites? Evidence from Vietnamese Facebook users Abstract: Based on the theory of personal needs, this study aimed to understand how individual self-presentation and interpersonal needs formed by social networking sites (SNSs) influence self-disclosure to friends. Besides, the study would like to examine whether there are differences in personal self-disclosure due to personality traits. Specifically, the research model used two personality traits (extraversion and narcissism) as moderators. Furthermore, we conducted a questionnaire survey with 532 Facebook users. All the hypotheses are tested using SPSS and Smart PLS. The findings showed that: 1) self-presentation, expressed inclusion, wanted affection, and express affection positively influence self-disclosure; 2) wanted inclusion negatively influences self-disclosure; 3) personality traits with high and low extroversion and narcissism also have different effects on users' self-disclosure. Finally, the study provides SNS operators with information to improve user interaction quality and enrich social networking sites' content. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 186-203 Issue: 2 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: self-disclosure; self-presentation; interpersonal needs; personal trait; social networking sites; SNSs; Facebook. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=145086 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:2:p:186-203 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Van Ky Long Nguyen Author-X-Name-First: Van Ky Long Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen Author-Name: Thi My Hanh Le Author-X-Name-First: Thi My Hanh Author-X-Name-Last: Le Author-Name: Nhu Hoa Vo Author-X-Name-First: Nhu Hoa Author-X-Name-Last: Vo Author-Name: Thi Thu Hien Le Author-X-Name-First: Thi Thu Hien Author-X-Name-Last: Le Author-Name: Thi Thanh Huong Nguyen Author-X-Name-First: Thi Thanh Huong Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen Author-Name: Khoa Nguyen Vu Author-X-Name-First: Khoa Nguyen Author-X-Name-Last: Vu Title: Inspiring future entrepreneurs: an investigation into the green entrepreneurial behaviours of students Abstract: Many higher education institutions worldwide have implemented courses focusing on entrepreneurship for students. However, green entrepreneurship and green entrepreneurial behaviours are the crucial aspects often overlooked. This research endeavours to examine the determinants influencing students' green entrepreneurial behaviours. A survey was distributed to students at a Vietnamese university, who had completed courses related to entrepreneurship. A research framework is proposed to explore the factors shaping green entrepreneurial behaviours among undergraduates. After analysing, the factors that positively and significantly influence students' green entrepreneurial behaviours are investigated, and future research directions are also proposed based on the findings. The findings of this research contribute to the literature reviews concerned with green entrepreneurial behaviours by proposing a research framework. Additionally, the practitioners and scholars could apply the results of this study to make the decisions or do further research on green entrepreneurial development in higher education. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 215-238 Issue: 2 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: green entrepreneurial behaviours; GEB; university entrepreneurial support; UES; green entrepreneurial intentions; GEI; entrepreneurial motivation; ENM; entrepreneurial education. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=145090 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:2:p:215-238 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eduardo Carlos Dittmar Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo Carlos Author-X-Name-Last: Dittmar Author-Name: David López Jiménez Author-X-Name-First: David López Author-X-Name-Last: Jiménez Author-Name: Jenny Patricia Vargas Portillo Author-X-Name-First: Jenny Patricia Vargas Author-X-Name-Last: Portillo Title: COVID-19 and the new situation in higher education Abstract: The appearance of the coronavirus disease 2019 has had effects on different levels. Many people were forced to confine themselves to their homes and the suspension of classroom teaching involved the transformation of higher education. Professors had to adapt to the new situation, make use of certain virtual teaching tools, resort to certain remote assessment systems and carry out their teaching work together with their family and domestic responsibilities, which were enhanced by the pandemic. However, the use of new technologies was not homogeneous for different social groups because certain sectors of the population did not have the appropriate tools (information technology and techniques), in addition to the fact that they did not have suitable housing or residential spaces. This scenario has provided an opportunity to reduce inequalities with respect to digital skills. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 204-214 Issue: 2 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: COVID-19; higher education; virtual classes; digital technologies; online teaching. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=145124 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:2:p:204-214 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Husna T. Lumapenet Author-X-Name-First: Husna T. Author-X-Name-Last: Lumapenet Author-Name: Melanie A. Agarcio Author-X-Name-First: Melanie A. Author-X-Name-Last: Agarcio Title: Financial stability towards instructional behaviour and work fulfilment of teachers in the Philippines Abstract: In the Philippines, a significant problem has been the lack of financial security for educators. It is common knowledge that having a secure financial situation is an essential component of successful work behaviour and attitudes, both of which can lead to feeling fulfilled in one's work. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether or not there is a correlation between teachers' stable financial situations and their levels of work fulfilment and instructional behaviour. The data and findings were obtained by sending out questionnaires in the form of a survey to a total of 100 elementary school teachers working in public schools in the Philippines. According to the results of the study, teachers, on the whole, have favourable financial stability, positive instructional behaviour, and a sense of professional fulfilment in their employment. In the meantime, research has shown that the instructional practices of teachers are linked to their financial security. It was also found that the instructional behaviour of teachers is what determines how much they feel like they have accomplished with their work. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 291-318 Issue: 3 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: financial stability; instructional behaviour; work fulfilment; fulfilment of teachers; environmental values; comprehensive support systems; career advancement and promotions; nurturing future generations; Philippines. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=145985 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:3:p:291-318 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yogita Dubey Author-X-Name-First: Yogita Author-X-Name-Last: Dubey Author-Name: Prachi Palsodkar Author-X-Name-First: Prachi Author-X-Name-Last: Palsodkar Title: Project-based learning to enrich the impact of machine learning algorithms for medical data analysis in engineering education Abstract: Many higher education institutions (HEI) are implementing project-based learning (PBL) as innovative pedagogy in their curriculum for effective teaching learning. PBL engages students with various phases such as identifying a problem statement, providing a solution to that problem, designing or implementation of that solution with best accuracy. This paper presents the effective methodology for teaching learning process in higher education using PBL to study the impact of machine learning (ML) algorithms for the analysis of medical data for diseases classification. The methodology is supported by hands on workshop conducted for a final year engineering students with feedback and impact analysis, followed by project implementation for five case studies on medical data. To assess the impact of PBL, report submission on these case studies was carried out with rubrics and assessment tools. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 239-269 Issue: 3 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: project-based learning; machine learning; teaching learning; case studies; assessment; impact analysis. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=145988 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:3:p:239-269 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Parveen Kumar Author-X-Name-First: Parveen Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar Author-Name: Anu Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Anu Author-Name: Parmod Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Parmod Title: Exploring the impact of ChatGPT usability on attitudes and beliefs among Indian higher education students: a structural analysis Abstract: Receiving prompt answers from the AI conversational application made drastic changes in students' learning. This research investigates the influence of generative pre-trained transformers (ChatGPT) 3.5 usability on the attitudes and beliefs of Indian higher education students. In this study, data was collected from 380 students representing 14 higher education institutions through email and personal interactions. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was employed to validate the proposed model. Findings reveal a substantial positive correlation between ease of use and attitudes, as well as beliefs. Furthermore, it highlights a significant link between attitudes and the formation of beliefs among young individuals. These insights underscore the need for ethical AI interactions and provide valuable perspectives for educators, policymakers, and technology developers. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 319-330 Issue: 3 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: artificial intelligence; higher education institutions; generative pre-trained transformers; ChatGPT; ease of use; attitudes; beliefs. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=145989 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:3:p:319-330 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gopal Krishna G Author-X-Name-First: Gopal Krishna Author-X-Name-Last: G Author-Name: S Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: S Author-Name: S; Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: S; Title: Understanding the effect of system characteristics on e-learning adoption and usage during the COVID-19 pandemic Abstract: E-learning in higher education and the professional workforce has surged in recent years. However, the influence of system characteristics on adoption factors of e-learning systems has not been extensively studied. This study aims to understand how system characteristics affect user expectancies and e-learning system adoption factors. The study employed the 'unified theory of acceptance and use of technology' (UTAUT2) and included five system characteristic variables to expand the model. The results demonstrated that the characteristics of e-learning systems influenced users' expectancies and highlighted the most crucial system characteristics. It was also exhibited that user expectancies, hedonic motivation, and habit affected users' intention to use e-learning platforms. Findings provide directions for educational institutes and organisations to improve the design and use intention of e-learning systems. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 270-290 Issue: 3 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: e-learning; adoption; behavioural intention; BI; system characteristics; performance expectancy; PE; effort expectancy; EE; course content quality; system functionality; SF; system interactivity; SIT; system response; SR; user interface design; UID. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=145990 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:3:p:270-290 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andriyansah Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Andriyansah Author-Name: Zainur Hidayah Author-X-Name-First: Zainur Author-X-Name-Last: Hidayah Author-Name: Rulinawaty Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Rulinawaty Author-Name: Mery Noviyanti Author-X-Name-First: Mery Author-X-Name-Last: Noviyanti Author-Name: Endi Isnarno Author-X-Name-First: Endi Author-X-Name-Last: Isnarno Author-Name: Rahayu Indriasari Author-X-Name-First: Rahayu Author-X-Name-Last: Indriasari Title: Investing in ergo-iconic value of distance scientific seminars organisers in the COVID-19 pandemic to improve organiser performance Abstract: This study aims to implement the ergo-iconic value for online seminar organisers to increase the number of seminar participants. The indicators of this research are related to the performance of seminar organisers with variable management performance, seminar theme, seminar implementation time, material and discussion, and material and discussion. Ergo-iconic value is a sense of comfort positioned by the organiser with inherent characteristics of the parties organiser. Snowball technique research data as many as 543 respondents. Research results find that the score of comfortable distance seminar participants far lies in the seminar media, time maintenance, and themes and speakers offered by the party organiser. Other indicators of investigation score comfortable for seminar implementation is the ability to communicate with participants and the depth and breadth of the material presented for scientists. The implication of this research is that seminar organisers can use ergo-iconic value investment to improve quality and add comfortable value for seminar participants. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 331-345 Issue: 3 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: ergo-iconic value; distance scientific seminars; organiser performance. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=145995 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:3:p:331-345 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sadaqat Ali Author-X-Name-First: Sadaqat Author-X-Name-Last: Ali Author-Name: Rahmat Ullah Shah Author-X-Name-First: Rahmat Ullah Author-X-Name-Last: Shah Author-Name: Mudassar Hassain Author-X-Name-First: Mudassar Author-X-Name-Last: Hassain Author-Name: Uzma Syed Gillani Author-X-Name-First: Uzma Syed Author-X-Name-Last: Gillani Author-Name: Imrab Shaheen Author-X-Name-First: Imrab Author-X-Name-Last: Shaheen Author-Name: Aziz Javed Author-X-Name-First: Aziz Author-X-Name-Last: Javed Author-Name: Naveed Saif Author-X-Name-First: Naveed Author-X-Name-Last: Saif Title: Investigating green transformational leadership behaviour through digital information literacy (meta-analysis approach) Abstract: With the growing concerns of environmental issues, researchers and academician tries to introduce the concept of green transformational leadership in various organisations setup. Still the concept of green transformational leadership (GTRFL) is in nascent stage and need to be defined in its true spectrum from various perspective. The current study investigated in detail about the use of GTRFL in various organisation setups since its emergence (2013). For this purpose, meta-analysis approach was applied to investigate the highest cited article, university of affiliation and the use of GTRFL in Higher education. Results depict that only one study (Odugbesan et al., 2022) investigate GTRFL in HEI sector while the highest citation for (Singh et al., 2020) are more than 1,129. Based on the findings it is concluded that the importance of GTRFL is totally neglected in HEI sector, while most of the graduate students that may join corporate sector need to be well informed about the active role in shaping and promoting green organisation culture. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 358-373 Issue: 4 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: transformational leadership; green transformational leadership; academia; meta-analysis. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=147268 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:4:p:358-373 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Latha Panneer Author-X-Name-First: Latha Author-X-Name-Last: Panneer Author-Name: Nisha Ranjithsingh Author-X-Name-First: Nisha Author-X-Name-Last: Ranjithsingh Title: Exploring the connection between educators' emotional intelligence and their well-being in academic settings Abstract: This research delves into the pivotal role of emotional intelligence (EI) in fostering the health and well-being of faculty members in educational environments, particularly under the strains of online teaching and effective student management. It claims that faculty well-being affects students' emotional and academic development, making it essential for student achievement. The study expands well-being to include physical, mental, and emotional qualities associated with EI benefits. Aimed at examining the correlation between EI and the overall health and psychological well-being of educators, the research seeks to provide insights into how EI can serve as a tool to alleviate occupational stress and enhance mental health in the workplace. A comprehensive literature analysis and descriptive field survey of 80 Chennai educators from diverse educational institutions were done to attain its goals. The study analysed data using percentage analysis, weighted average, and correlation analysis using a professionally developed online questionnaire. Educational policy and practise should incorporate EI into faculty development programs to promote educators' well-being and increase student results. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 374-399 Issue: 4 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: emotional intelligence; healthy well-being; faculty members; psychological well-being; occupational stress; anxiety and depression; awareness and health issues; happy life. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=147270 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:4:p:374-399 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sumaya Mushtaq Author-X-Name-First: Sumaya Author-X-Name-Last: Mushtaq Author-Name: Shabir Ahmad Bhat Author-X-Name-First: Shabir Ahmad Author-X-Name-Last: Bhat Author-Name: Mudasir Ahmad Mir Author-X-Name-First: Mudasir Ahmad Author-X-Name-Last: Mir Title: Navigating uncertainty: an empirical analysis of student anxiety and educational transformation in the COVID-19 pandemic Abstract: The current research aims to investigate the levels of knowledge, concern and pedagogical adaptation among students in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic. The study adopted quantitative research approach wherein the instrument was well pre-tested before the actual data collection. The instrument was adopted from existing literature and modified as per the requirements of the current investigation. The study's findings revealed that individuals often sought out information pertaining to the disease; including it is aetiology and methods of transmission. Besides the results of the study showed the Anxiety component had a marginally elevated mean score, suggesting a heightened level of anxiety in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Pedagogical Shift dimension has had a significant influence on the field of education because of the global pandemic. The primary concerns encompassed the transition to online learning, the absence of in-person relationships and the impact on academic advancement. This research offers significant contributions to understanding the diverse impacts of the pandemic on knowledge acquisition, anxiety levels, and educational experiences among individuals. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 347-357 Issue: 4 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: knowledge; anxiety; pedagogical shift; COVID-19 pandemic. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=147287 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:4:p:347-357 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sudarshan Maity Author-X-Name-First: Sudarshan Author-X-Name-Last: Maity Author-Name: Nabanita Sen Author-X-Name-First: Nabanita Author-X-Name-Last: Sen Author-Name: Tarak Nath Sahu Author-X-Name-First: Tarak Nath Author-X-Name-Last: Sahu Title: Higher education and employment: bleak prospects in COVID-19 Abstract: With immense uncertainty, the COVID-19 crisis has posed unprecedented challenge to the potential aspirants of higher learning and prospective job seekers. The consequences of COVID-19 on higher education and employment sector have been prodigious. With 800 respondents from West Bengal, the study attempts to reflect an overview of opportunities coupled with threats involved in higher studies that reckons employment trends now and beyond pandemic period. The study employs ordered logistic regression, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Wilcoxon Sign test, effect size test and many more. The study infers that COVID induced lockdown has significantly affected scope of higher education and employment opportunities for prospective potential job seekers. The future career of these potential students and prospective job seekers seems to be at stake due to COVID-19 induced delay in the prevailing system. The outcomes yielded by this study may precipitate in formulation of development policies for sustainable growth and betterment of future generation. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 400-420 Issue: 4 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: COVID-19; higher studies; employability; virtual teaching; virtual learning. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=147292 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:4:p:400-420 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Prashant Kumar Siddhey Author-X-Name-First: Prashant Kumar Author-X-Name-Last: Siddhey Author-Name: Uttam Kaur Author-X-Name-First: Uttam Author-X-Name-Last: Kaur Title: The rise of research on talent management: a bibliometric analysis Abstract: This study aims to evaluate current and existing studies in the talent management area and provide potential directions for future research. As the complex interactions between work, workers, and the workplace have become more prevalent, talent management solutions have also evolved to meet these changing patterns. Data was from a bibliometric study of 1,630 articles drawn from the Scopus dataset between 2013 and 2023. Using a methodical bibliometric analysis, this research provides an all-encompassing depiction of the publication patterns in the field of talent management, clarifying conclusions drawn from publication metrics, with the use of the Biblioshiny package in the Bibliometrix tool in R Studio. Additionally, by using VOSviewer for co-citation analysis, this study adds new knowledge. The study ends with a discussion of future research topics that build on the outcomes to put HR issues in the perspective of the modern work paradigm. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 427-444 Issue: 4 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: talent management; TM; human resource; HR; bibliometric analysis; biblioshiny; human resource management; HRM. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=147293 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:4:p:427-444 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Raed Ahmed Al-Kreimeen Author-X-Name-First: Raed Ahmed Author-X-Name-Last: Al-Kreimeen Title: Education during COVID-19 and beyond: are we moving to digital era of education: a commentary article Abstract: The Corona pandemic imposed a new reality on all fields, including education, and many countries began to move towards distance education as a lifeline, in order to protect students and professors from the pandemic and at the same time maintain the continuation of education. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in the biggest disruption in the global education system. COVID-19 affected about 1.6 billion students in most of the countries around the world. However, the COVID-19 crisis has resulted in the emergence of innovation in the education sector and yielded different crisis management practices in confronting its effects on education, including the widespread of distance learning tools and methods. The present paper discusses the effect of COVID-19 on education at a global context, the global efforts to contain the crisis effects on the educational sector, and how the rely on technology during COVID-19 period is transforming the education from traditional pattern to a digital form that might change the shape of the teaching and learning across the world. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 421-426 Issue: 4 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: COVID-19; crisis; remote learning; disruption. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=147359 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:4:p:421-426 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rahul Chowdhury Author-X-Name-First: Rahul Author-X-Name-Last: Chowdhury Author-Name: Mahuya Adhikary Author-X-Name-First: Mahuya Author-X-Name-Last: Adhikary Title: Effectiveness of hospitality education curriculum: a systematic and critical review of literature Abstract: The Indian hospitality and tourism sector has grown tremendously in recent years. The curriculum evaluation process plays a major role not only in keeping the system up to date but also in directing the students toward their goals. The curriculum development process must be structured in a way that students can easily pursue their desired field of study without any barriers (Hussain et al., 2011). The pandemic has badly affected the education system across the globe as such traditional face-to-face learning was temporarily terminated by governments across the globe. The paradigm shift from offline to online education disrupted the education system (Chandler et al., 2020). This article reviewed the literature of 71 articles on hospitality and tourism employability skills, academic delivery, hospitality curriculum and paradigm shift in hospitality education. The paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of hospitality education curricula through a systematic and critical literature review. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 445-462 Issue: 5 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: hospitality curriculum; paradigm shift; hospitality education; literature review; curriculum efficacy. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=148762 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:5:p:445-462 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Van Kien Pham Author-X-Name-First: Van Kien Author-X-Name-Last: Pham Author-Name: Thuy Dung Pham Thi Author-X-Name-First: Thuy Dung Pham Author-X-Name-Last: Thi Author-Name: Nam Tien Duong Author-X-Name-First: Nam Tien Author-X-Name-Last: Duong Title: The impact of teacher instructional emotions on student academic emotions, and motivational involvement Abstract: This study constructs a teacher instructional emotions two-level confirmatory factor analysis model to explore the classification framework of teacher instructional emotions and constructs a relationship model between instructional emotions, academic emotions, and motivational involvement to analyse the relationship between instructional emotions, academic emotions, and motivation involvement. This study selects two groups of 1,083 students as samples and analyses them using SEM. The results show that: 1) the instructional emotions two-level confirmatory factor analysis model and the relationship model between instructional emotions, academic emotions, and motivational involvement constructed both fit with the observed data; 2) positive instructional emotions positively predict positive academic emotions of students; negative instructional emotions positively predict negative academic emotions of students; 3) positive academic emotions of students positively predict adaptive motivational involvement and negative academic emotions of students positively predict maladaptive motivational involvement. Based on the findings, this study discusses and proposes future recommendations. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 486-510 Issue: 5 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: instructional; emotions; teacher; student; involvement. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=148768 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:5:p:486-510 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Areej Al Wedyan Author-X-Name-First: Areej Al Author-X-Name-Last: Wedyan Author-Name: Bader Yousef Obeidat Author-X-Name-First: Bader Yousef Author-X-Name-Last: Obeidat Author-Name: Rateb Sweis Author-X-Name-First: Rateb Author-X-Name-Last: Sweis Author-Name: Ghaleb Sweis Author-X-Name-First: Ghaleb Author-X-Name-Last: Sweis Author-Name: Zaid Ziyadat Author-X-Name-First: Zaid Author-X-Name-Last: Ziyadat Author-Name: Baraa Allan Author-X-Name-First: Baraa Author-X-Name-Last: Allan Title: The impact of organisational learning capability on organisational innovation in the Jordanian pharmaceutical firms the mediating role of job satisfaction Abstract: This study examines the effect of organisational learning capability on organisational innovation through the mediating role of job satisfaction in the pharmaceutical firms operating in Jordan. Data were collected from 14 pharmaceutical firms through a survey among employees, supervisors, and managers. 361 valid questionnaires were returned and analysed by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software and the analysis of moment structure (AMOS). The findings revealed that organisational learning capability has a significant influence on job satisfaction and organisational innovation, namely, experimentation, interaction with the external environment, and risk have a significant effect on organisational innovation, whereas dialogue had no contribution. Job satisfaction has a positive contribution to organisational innovation. Furthermore, job satisfaction exerted a partially mediating role in the relationship between organisational learning capabilities on organisational innovation. This study demonstrates that being a learning organisation while also improving employee job satisfaction will facilitate organisational innovation. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 463-485 Issue: 5 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: organisational learning capability; organisational innovation; employee job satisfaction; pharmaceutical industry; Jordan. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=148770 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:5:p:463-485 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Veena Author-X-Name-First: K. Author-X-Name-Last: Veena Author-Name: Nasina Jigeesh Author-X-Name-First: Nasina Author-X-Name-Last: Jigeesh Title: Potential influence of performance management on knowledge management in the light of organisational learning - an empirical study in Indian software industry Abstract: Almost all kinds of industries accepted and adopted organisational learning to improve the performance of individual employees, groups of employees (teams) and the organisation as a whole. Knowledge acquired through observation, learning and experience can contribute to gain skills required to perform a given job or task. Knowledge management can optimise the collection, retrieval and application of useful knowledge. Organisational learning represents learning at three levels - individual, group and organisation. It is composed of several components like collaboration and team learning and performance management. This paper is intended to examine the organisational learning happening and the knowledge management procedures being adopted and their relationship in software firms in India. The research used a questionnaire adopted from DLOQ and KM tool and collected data from the employees working at different levels in various software companies, especially in South India. The results derived from structural equation modelling, suggest that performance management, followed by collaboration and team learning, contributes well to knowledge management, by ruling out the contribution of other components of organisation learning. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 511-548 Issue: 5 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: organisational learning; OL; knowledge management; KM; performance management; PM; software industry; India. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=148774 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:5:p:511-548 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ambica Prakash Mani Author-X-Name-First: Ambica Prakash Author-X-Name-Last: Mani Author-Name: V.M. Tripathi Author-X-Name-First: V.M. Author-X-Name-Last: Tripathi Author-Name: Dhani Shanker Chaubey Author-X-Name-First: Dhani Shanker Author-X-Name-Last: Chaubey Title: The impact of COVID specific factors on purchase intention of retail consumer with the moderating impact of personality Abstract: Pandemic conditions caused unprecedented situations and brought dramatic changes in the lifestyle that continued after the pandemic also. The impact of COVID-19 has been very deep and changed the world in a big way. This research paper attempts to study the impact of COVID specific factors like fear factors, social factors, psychological factors, risk, uncertainty and digital media on the buying intention of the retail customers post COVID times. Personality factors are identified as the mediating variable. There is no doubt that the pandemic witnessed a complete shift in the buying intention due to unprecedented and uncertain conditions that were prevailing everywhere. Buying intention can be explained as the degree of willingness and inclination a customer displays to buy a product and service during a particular period. A structured questionnaire was created based on identified variables. These variables are based on extensive literature review. The questionnaire is administered to 580 respondents through online mode and 398 complete responses across the country are used for analysis. The impact of relationship amongst the factors of COVID pandemic on buying behaviour intention is checked with the moderating impact of personality using smart PLS. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 565-584 Issue: 6 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: buying intention; COVID-19; socio-economic; personality; structural equation modelling; SEM. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=149839 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:6:p:565-584 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anjali Merin Joseph Author-X-Name-First: Anjali Merin Author-X-Name-Last: Joseph Author-Name: L.T. Om Prakash Author-X-Name-First: L.T. Om Author-X-Name-Last: Prakash Title: Technopedagogy in teacher education: exploring challenges and possibilities Abstract: Digital technologies allowed teachers to overcome spatial and temporal limitations in education, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic-imposed restrictions. While access to technological resources proved beneficial, teachers faced initial challenges. It is crucial to address the significance of digital education training in teacher education institutions, particularly in implementing the Integrated Teacher Education Programme based on the National Education Policy 2020 in India. This study explores approaches to techno-pedagogical skills in teacher education in Kerala, India, and the potential solutions to bridge the digital gap between training and teaching in the classroom. The researchers have used qualitative methods to gather and analyse data, including archival research and interviews with teacher educators and student teachers in the Bachelor of Education Programme. The findings indicate an urgent need for infrastructural upgrades and continuous professional development practices. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 549-564 Issue: 6 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: teacher training; digital education; technology; teaching-learning practices. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=149853 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:6:p:549-564 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sarah Mufti Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Mufti Author-Name: Bushra Akram Author-X-Name-First: Bushra Author-X-Name-Last: Akram Title: Development and validation of Urdu reading screening test for the children at risk of dyslexia Abstract: This study focused on the development of Urdu reading test (URT) for screening out at risk dyslexic children and it consisted of two phases. In phase one, psychometric properties were established on a sample of 268 primary school (grade 2 to grade 5) students. Content validity ratio was calculated. After item analysis, 45 items were retained. Structural validity was established through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and four factors were generated which were later confirmed through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Internal consistency of the test for all four grades varied from good to excellent. In phase two, grade wise norms were developed on a sample of 304 students. The URT can be considered as an appropriate tool for screening of at risk dyslexic children thus it will play a significant role in devising the instructional strategies, educational plans and policies for them. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 585-599 Issue: 6 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: test development; dyslexia; screening tool; validation; reading. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=149855 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:6:p:585-599 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Keiichiro Suenaga Author-X-Name-First: Keiichiro Author-X-Name-Last: Suenaga Title: The chained evolution of science and technology in the pharmaceutical industry Abstract: In recent years, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused severe physical and economic damage. How did we humans overcome these various crises and raise our economic and welfare standards? Technological advances such as the development of drugs have played a major role in these processes, but scientific advances such as clarifying the components of such drugs and the mechanisms of the human body have also had a major influence. This paper focuses on the pharmaceutical industry, which has experienced rapid growth in recent years and plays an important role in combating COVID-19. The characteristics of this paper are to endogenise the progress of science, which has made important contributions to economic development, to elucidate the chained evolution in which science and technology influence each other, and to clarify the evolution of the technological paradigm not only after its emergence but also until it emerges. In addition to understanding such evolution hierarchically and systematically, we also examine the organisational and theoretic characteristics of the emergence of technological paradigms. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 600-620 Issue: 6 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: pharmaceutical industry; science and technology; knowledge progress; technological paradigm; innovations. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=149856 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:6:p:600-620 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Prashant Kumar Siddhey Author-X-Name-First: Prashant Kumar Author-X-Name-Last: Siddhey Author-Name: Anisha Arora Author-X-Name-First: Anisha Author-X-Name-Last: Arora Author-Name: V.K. Jain Author-X-Name-First: V.K. Author-X-Name-Last: Jain Author-Name: Kamal Preet Author-X-Name-First: Kamal Author-X-Name-Last: Preet Author-Name: Karuna Jain Author-X-Name-First: Karuna Author-X-Name-Last: Jain Title: Comparative analysis of emotional intelligence in public and private healthcare institutions Abstract: This study delves into the realm of emotional intelligence, aiming to discern variations among employees in healthcare institutions. Embracing a comprehensive approach, the research administered in both public healthcare institutions and private healthcare institutions. The data, gleaned from 1,000 participants, unfolds insights gathered through a meticulously crafted questionnaire rooted in Daniel Goleman's acclaimed emotional intelligence model, employing a nuanced five-point Likert scale. Intriguingly, the exploration employs advanced statistical tools, blending frequency distribution analysis to unravel demographic nuances and T-test methodologies to meticulously scrutinise and compare the emotional intelligence scores' means across the spectrum of public and private healthcare institution employees. This research pioneers a nuanced understanding, shedding light on the intricate landscape of emotional intelligence within distinct healthcare settings, offering a valuable contribution to the broader discourse on workforce dynamics in the healthcare sector. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 621-639 Issue: 6 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: emotional intelligence; EI; private healthcare institutions; public healthcare institutions; EI model; self-awareness; motivation. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=149858 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:6:p:621-639 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Seyed Mohammad Javad Razavi Author-X-Name-First: Seyed Mohammad Javad Author-X-Name-Last: Razavi Author-Name: Haywantee Ramkissoon Author-X-Name-First: Haywantee Author-X-Name-Last: Ramkissoon Author-Name: Mohammad Ali Sahebkaran Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Ali Author-X-Name-Last: Sahebkaran Title: The business orientation, knowledge creation, and performance: the mediating role of product innovation capability in sport companies Abstract: Leveraging product innovation capability (PIC) provides companies with a competitive edge in the marketplace. In addition, attention to business orientation (BO) and knowledge creation (KC) plays a critical role in organisational development. This study explores a conceptual model in which BO and KC act as antecedents of PIC, and subsequently evaluates the impact of PIC on the performance of sport companies. A 20-item questionnaire was administered to a sample of 58 sport companies operating in Iran. The findings reveal that both business orientation and knowledge creation significantly contribute to product innovation. Furthermore, BO, KC, and PIC were found to have a notable influence on the overall performance of sport companies. Given the growing intensity of competition within the sports industry, prioritising business orientation, fostering knowledge creation, and enhancing innovation capabilities are crucial strategic concerns for sport company managers. As existing research on these interrelated factors remains limited, the present study offers valuable insights for scholars and practitioners aiming to improve performance outcomes in the sports sector. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 640-664 Issue: 6 Volume: 18 Year: 2025 Keywords: business orientation; company performance; knowledge creation; product innovation capability; PIC. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=149859 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:18:y:2025:i:6:p:640-664