Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Philippe Lemoisson Author-X-Name-First: Philippe Author-X-Name-Last: Lemoisson Author-Name: Guillaume Surroca Author-X-Name-First: Guillaume Author-X-Name-Last: Surroca Author-Name: Clement Jonquet Author-X-Name-First: Clement Author-X-Name-Last: Jonquet Author-Name: Stefano A. Cerri Author-X-Name-First: Stefano A. Author-X-Name-Last: Cerri Title: ViewpointS: capturing formal data and informal contributions into an adaptive knowledge graph Abstract: Formal data is supported by means of specific languages from which the syntax and semantics have to be mastered, which represents an obstacle for collective intelligence. In contrast, informal knowledge relies on weak/ambiguous contributions e.g., I like. Reconciling the two forms of knowledge is a big challenge. We propose a brain-inspired knowledge representation approach called ViewpointS where formal data and informal contributions are merged into an adaptive knowledge graph which is then topologically, rather than logically, explored and assessed. We firstly illustrate within a mock-up simulation, where the hypothesis of knowledge emerging from preference dissemination is positively tested. Then we use a real-life web dataset (MovieLens) that mixes formal data about movies with user ratings. Our results show that ViewpointS is a relevant, generic and powerful innovative approach to capture and reconcile formal and informal knowledge and enable collective intelligence. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 119-145 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2018 Keywords: knowledge representation; knowledge graph; semantic web; social web; collective intelligence; nature-inspired computational model; formal/informal knowledge; serendipitous learning. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=92047 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:12:y:2018:i:2:p:119-145 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Asim Qayyum Author-X-Name-First: M. Asim Author-X-Name-Last: Qayyum Title: Modelling wisdom in learning and decision making Abstract: There is a need to understand application of wisdom but abstract and intangible personal factors make it difficult to design and achieve. Purpose of this research is to identify the key concepts of wisdom and their relationships to create a learning and decision making wise action model (WAM) for organisational knowledge workers. A review of relevant models, theories, and related literatures from various disciplines was undertaken, which identified prior knowledge and its comprehension and understanding as the significant concepts of wisdom. The resulting WAM conceptual framework defines relationships between these key concepts and the impacting factors, such as, motivations, reliance on embedded signs in the environment, and the values (especially moral) needed to recognise and remember project stakeholders. This study's contribution is significant as wisdom needs more attention in the knowledge management literature and findings of this study are expected to influence the theory and practices in this field. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 146-166 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2018 Keywords: knowledge management; wisdom; prior knowledge; learning wisdom; wise decision making; wise actions. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=92052 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:12:y:2018:i:2:p:146-166 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Haruni Machumu Author-X-Name-First: Haruni Author-X-Name-Last: Machumu Author-Name: Chang Zhu Author-X-Name-First: Chang Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu Author-Name: Koen DePryck Author-X-Name-First: Koen Author-X-Name-Last: DePryck Title: University teachers' beliefs and constructivist teaching practices in blended learning courses in Tanzanian universities Abstract: The study examines the relationship between university teacher's beliefs and constructivist teaching practices (CTP) in blended learning environment (BLE) courses in Tanzanian universities. The study collects data from 211 teachers in BLE courses. The analyses involved descriptive statistics, correlational, the Mann-Whitney U-test, Kruskal-Wallis H-test and multiple linear regression. The findings revealed threefold. First, explicit engagement, supportive teaching and interactions were important aspects of CTP in BLE courses. Second, there were no statistically significant differences in teachers' beliefs about gender, academic rank, educational level and teaching experiences in BLE courses. And, third, there was a significant relationship between teachers' beliefs and CTP in BLE courses. Moreover, the findings indicate that teachers' beliefs predict their explicit engagement and supportive teaching are predictors of the beliefs of teachers who teach BLE courses. This study provides important implications and empirical evidence about the beliefs of the university teachers who teach BLE courses and their CTP. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 167-191 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2018 Keywords: teachers' beliefs; constructivist teaching; CTP; constructivist teaching practices; blended learning; BLE; blended learning environments; blended learning courses. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=92054 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:12:y:2018:i:2:p:167-191 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Abdollah Babaeinesami Author-X-Name-First: Abdollah Author-X-Name-Last: Babaeinesami Author-Name: Peiman Ghasemi Author-X-Name-First: Peiman Author-X-Name-Last: Ghasemi Title: The relationship between emotional intelligence and organisational learning Abstract: This research is devoted to study the relationship between emotional intelligence and organisational learning among Pazargad non-Industrial Operation Company. 120 people of staff of Pazargad non-Industrial Operation Company were chosen randomly. Templeton organisational learning questionnaire and Bradberry and Greeues questionnaire were applied. Considering that emotional intelligence is the ability to use emotions and feelings of oneself and others in individual and group behaviour in order to obtain maximum results with maximum satisfaction in the organisation, therefore, the integration of managerial knowledge and emotional abilities in management can be useful in pushing people towards achieving the goal and will increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the organisation. Hence, the contribution of this paper can be summarised as follows: To study the relationship between emotional intelligence and organisational learning among staff in Pazargad non-Industrial Operation Company. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 99-118 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2018 Keywords: organisational learning; emotional intelligence; Templeton's learning factors; intellectual cultivation; organisational grafting. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=92055 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:12:y:2018:i:2:p:99-118 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Khaled Saleh Maabreh Author-X-Name-First: Khaled Saleh Author-X-Name-Last: Maabreh Title: The impact of e-learning usage on students' achievements: a case study Abstract: E-learning, an important internet-based tool can be implemented using communication methods and storage media that support different data types. As a virtual learning environment, e-learning has emerged in the field of higher education in countries throughout the world, including Jordan, a developing country. To evaluate the effectiveness of the e-learning program implemented in Jordan, a sample study is presented in this paper to examine the students' perceptions and attitudes related to the courses offered at the Faculty of Information Technology in Zarqa University. This study aims to evaluate the students' satisfaction and measure the influence of using an e-learning system (Moodle) on their achievements. Statistical analysis showed that the use of e-learning technology had a major effect on the students' achievements. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 193-203 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2018 Keywords: e-learning; moodle; education; internet; Jordan. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=92312 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:12:y:2018:i:3:p:193-203 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Abhijeet Kumar Author-X-Name-First: Abhijeet Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar Author-Name: Saurabh Srivastava Author-X-Name-First: Saurabh Author-X-Name-Last: Srivastava Author-Name: Vijay Krishan Author-X-Name-First: Vijay Author-X-Name-Last: Krishan Author-Name: R.H. Goudar Author-X-Name-First: R.H. Author-X-Name-Last: Goudar Title: Effective question modelling and intelligent question bank storage engine: an adaptive graph based approach Abstract: In the changing present competitive scenario, intelligent development of question model is indispensable for intellectual growth of students. There are several computer-based question paper generators, but they typically use random selection from question banks. This paper deals with the adaptive question bank development and management system (AQBDMS) that aims to generate balanced combinations of questions intelligently as per parameters provided by the question paper designer (QPD). AQBDMS uses a concept map developed on a graph database that uses hierarchical knowledge of a particular domain for fetching questions generated in former part. The concept map ensures that the question modelling process is based on certain criteria like Bloom's taxonomy, difficulty level, marking scheme etc. The evaluation of generated question model will provide a feedback to check student's overall level of understanding. On whole, the proposed system would be of great aid to the organisation in effective question modelling and its assessment. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 204-220 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2018 Keywords: question modelling; QPDE; question paper designer engine; QSE; question storage engine; question bank (database); concept map. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=92314 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:12:y:2018:i:3:p:204-220 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Syed Ali Raza Author-X-Name-First: Syed Ali Author-X-Name-Last: Raza Author-Name: Wasim Qazi Author-X-Name-First: Wasim Author-X-Name-Last: Qazi Author-Name: Nida Shah Author-X-Name-First: Nida Author-X-Name-Last: Shah Title: Factors affecting the motivation and intention to become an entrepreneur among business university students Abstract: The purpose of this study is to explore how the variables of the theory of planned behaviour and motivation and ability model affect the intention to become an entrepreneur among business university students. For this purpose, data were collected from 267 students of different business schools of Pakistan. PLS-SEM was used as a statistical tool to analyse the data. The result revealed that the variables, i.e., Subjective norm, opportunity, attitude, perceived behavioural control has a positive and significant effect on the motivation, and motivation also has a significant positive effect on the students' intention to become an entrepreneur, however, ability has a positive but insignificant on motivation. From this study it can be concluded that the only financial resources are not enough to start a business, behavioural factors also play the critical role. This research gives valuable insights for the policy implications. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 221-241 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2018 Keywords: intention to become entrepreneur; theory of planned behaviour; business students; Pakistan. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=92315 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:12:y:2018:i:3:p:221-241 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Indrajit Mukherjee Author-X-Name-First: Indrajit Author-X-Name-Last: Mukherjee Author-Name: Bipul Kumar Author-X-Name-First: Bipul Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar Author-Name: Samarth Singh Author-X-Name-First: Samarth Author-X-Name-Last: Singh Author-Name: Kishan Sharma Author-X-Name-First: Kishan Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma Title: Plagiarism detection based on semantic analysis Abstract: Plagiarism means copy and paste for a text or change in some words or make use of synonymous or near synonymous words without citing the source. Plagiarism is on rise especially in the academic and research field due the availability of the digital text documents in the internet which can easily be copied and pasted. Existing approaches for detecting the plagiarism have either ignored or made limited use of information about semantic similarities between the words. We proposed a method to measure the semantic similarity between the documents by mapping keywords (verbs; adverbs; adjectives; descriptors; etc.) with the nouns and then finding the similarity between the mapped words that can rectify the existing shortcomings. The efficiency of the algorithm is evaluated on the dataset (corpus of Plagiarised Short Answers) (Clough and Stevenson, 2011). The experiments showed that the proposed algorithm gives significantly accurate results in detecting semantic based similarity between the documents and found to outperform previously published methods. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 242-254 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2018 Keywords: semantic similarity; plagiarism detection; documents; WordNet. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=92316 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:12:y:2018:i:3:p:242-254 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Abid Ali Khan Author-X-Name-First: Abid Ali Author-X-Name-Last: Khan Author-Name: Kashif Mehmood Author-X-Name-First: Kashif Author-X-Name-Last: Mehmood Author-Name: Taimur Shams Author-X-Name-First: Taimur Author-X-Name-Last: Shams Author-Name: Sumaira Khan Author-X-Name-First: Sumaira Author-X-Name-Last: Khan Author-Name: Muhammad Arif Ashraf Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad Arif Author-X-Name-Last: Ashraf Title: Correlation between teaching evaluation and learning Abstract: Grade points average (GPA), is an assessment tool used to evaluate student's academic achievement. It relates acquired percentages into letter grades that are later converted into numerical values. Different systems of assigning GPAs are being followed worldwide. Over the period of time, grades not conforming to student's academic standing has been reported as a serious concern. Researchers have identified the factors that result in grade inflation and proposed different schemes to address the problem. This paper evaluates the impact of higher-class average percentage score on the grade awards. Higher percentage scores are associated with higher student aptitude influencing instructor's decision towards inflated evaluation. In this work, original students' grades for different batches with different class average percentage scores were normalised based on published and proposed normalisation schemes. The outcomes were analysed, which revealed that the proposed scheme effectively addresses the issue of inflated evaluation. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 255-268 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2018 Keywords: GPA; grade point average; class average percentages; grades inflation; grades normalisation; assessment schemes. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=92317 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:12:y:2018:i:3:p:255-268 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D.N. Vasundhara Author-X-Name-First: D.N. Author-X-Name-Last: Vasundhara Author-Name: M. Seetha Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Seetha Title: Accuracy assessment of rough set based SVM technique for spatial image classification Abstract: There exist many traditional spatial image classification techniques which are developed over past years and exists in literature. Today, expert systems along with machine learning methods are getting universality in this area due to effective classification. This paper presents Rough set based support vector machine (SVM) classification (RS-SVM) method. In this technique, Rough set (RS) is used as a feature selection mathematical tool which eliminates the redundant features. Further, this reduced dimensionality dataset is given to SVM classifier. This process improves the classification accuracy and performance. We have performed experiments using standard geospatial images for above-proposed method for classification. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 269-285 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2018 Keywords: feature extraction; classification; rough sets; ANN; artificial neural network; support vector machines. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=92318 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:12:y:2018:i:3:p:269-285 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Syed Ali Raza Author-X-Name-First: Syed Ali Author-X-Name-Last: Raza Author-Name: Masooma Abidi Author-X-Name-First: Masooma Author-X-Name-Last: Abidi Author-Name: Ghulam Muhammad Arsalan Author-X-Name-First: Ghulam Muhammad Author-X-Name-Last: Arsalan Author-Name: Arshian Shairf Author-X-Name-First: Arshian Author-X-Name-Last: Shairf Author-Name: Muhammad Asif Qureshi Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad Asif Author-X-Name-Last: Qureshi Title: The impact of student attitude, trust, subjective norms, motivation and rewards on knowledge sharing attitudes among university students Abstract: The aim of the study is to examine the Impact of Student Attitude, Trust, Subjective Norm, Motivation and Rewards on Knowledge Sharing Attitude among University Students. Theoretical model of the study is based on theory of reasoned action (TRA). Furthermore, the study based on four independent and one dependent variables. Data was gathered from 350 university students of Karachi. The research instrument contains close ended question. The result was summarised and data was interpreted with the help of Smart Partial Least Squares-SEM. The results of the study show that student attitude, trust, subjective norm, motivation and rewards have a significant positive impact on knowledge exchange behaviour between university students. On the basis of result, we can say that student attitude is not only the factors that have an impact on knowledge sharing behaviour of students but other elements also matter. Therefore, students need motivation, trust factor and perceived behaviour that lead the knowledge sharing attitude between them. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 287-304 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2018 Keywords: behaviour; knowledge sharing; confidence; TRA; theory of reasoned action; mutual understanding. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=95955 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:12:y:2018:i:4:p:287-304 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sangeeta Trehan Author-X-Name-First: Sangeeta Author-X-Name-Last: Trehan Author-Name: Rakesh Mohan Joshi Author-X-Name-First: Rakesh Mohan Author-X-Name-Last: Joshi Title: A descriptive statistical analysis of the profiles of massive open online course users and non-users in India Abstract: The current paper presents our research regarding differences between massive open online course (MOOC) users and non-users. Extant literature, mostly in the Western and also Chinese contexts, has evidence regarding the demographic profiles of MOOC users. Limiting our research to the Indian context, we attempted to study MOOC-users and non-users using self-reported survey data. Our descriptive analysis allowed us to characterise the user base at micro-level and to find significant differences between users and non-users - among other things, age, education, general online efficacy, communicative online efficacy and self-directed learning preference emerge as significant distinguishers. These findings are on expected lines and in practical terms highlight some of the learner-level characteristics and capabilities that facilitate adoption of online learning through MOOCs in a developing country like India. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 305-324 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2018 Keywords: MOOC; massive open online course; MOOC adoption; conditional average; subgroup characterisation; comparison of means; tukey simultaneous confidence intervals. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=95956 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:12:y:2018:i:4:p:305-324 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lynda Haddadi Author-X-Name-First: Lynda Author-X-Name-Last: Haddadi Author-Name: Farida Bouarab-Dahmani Author-X-Name-First: Farida Author-X-Name-Last: Bouarab-Dahmani Author-Name: Nathalie Guin Author-X-Name-First: Nathalie Author-X-Name-Last: Guin Title: Multi-level computer aided learner assessment in massive open online courses Abstract: Assessment is at the heart of massive open online courses (MOOC) challenges. It is also a core component for any effective learning. In this paper, we provide a general survey of the various forms of assessment in MOOCs. Then, we propose gradual automated learners assessment based on ontology driven for auto-evaluation learning approach (ODALA) approach. Our proposition focuses on an assessment pyramid with four levels: Closed-ended questions, Half-open questions, Open-ended questions and problem solving (PS). This pyramid is the backbone of the learning process since it needs a gradual progression with an adequate methodology. Various computer aided or completely automated assessment activities are proposed. The transition from a level to another is a conditional one since there are minimal threshold of disciplinary knowledge acquisition. An evaluation prototype was tested with the Algorithmic discipline and was developed to access the feasibility of our proposition. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 325-351 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2018 Keywords: massive open online courses; learner assessment; automated assessment; assessment pyramid; ODALA approach. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=95958 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:12:y:2018:i:4:p:325-351 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mi Jin Lee Author-X-Name-First: Mi Jin Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Kwangho Lee Author-X-Name-First: Kwangho Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: The effect of contents on sixth graders' understanding about the height of triangles Abstract: By classifying the errors that elementary school students have at the height of a triangle by the types and positions of a triangle and collecting data on eye movement, this study investigated whether developed contents have any effect on fixing these errors. The height of the contents of a triangle used were effective in connecting and confirming the concept definition and the concept image of the height of a triangle. However, the contents were ineffective in fixing the errors of the students who thought the segments which were of a length with the height could also be counted as the height of a triangle. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 352-361 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2018 Keywords: triangle altitude; error types; eye movement; concept definition; concept image. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=95973 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:12:y:2018:i:4:p:352-361 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rakesh Kumar Author-X-Name-First: Rakesh Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar Author-Name: ShivKishan Dubey Author-X-Name-First: ShivKishan Author-X-Name-Last: Dubey Title: Simulation of language competition by bilingual agents Abstract: In the language transmission, a person shares different ways of own lexicons to others and each one is able to reproduce new lexicons through the old ones. Our objective is to explore how lexicons can be modified in synchronic or diachronic scenarios during the interaction of two different languages (L1 or L2) community agents. In this research, a new model has been proposed within language competition game strategy using bilingual agents. The outcome of shared lexicons in the synchronic scenario is that massive codes of second-language are affected and propagated into future generation successfully. Initially, we take matured agents who are stimulated by iterated learning model (ILM) and equipped with own grammar rules. Using Levenshtein Distance, these agents modify own old lexicons and generate new ones for the next generation. This game strategy is restricted to synchronic only and found that second language always wins this game. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge and Learning Pages: 362-378 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2018 Keywords: NLP; natural language processing; iterated learning model; language acquisition; bilingualism; exposure ratio. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=95979 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijklea:v:12:y:2018:i:4:p:362-378