Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Josep Miquel Pique Author-X-Name-First: Josep Miquel Author-X-Name-Last: Pique Author-Name: Francesc Miralles Author-X-Name-First: Francesc Author-X-Name-Last: Miralles Author-Name: Jasmina Berbegal-Mirabent Author-X-Name-First: Jasmina Author-X-Name-Last: Berbegal-Mirabent Title: Areas of innovation in cities: the evolution of 22@Barcelona Abstract: Areas of innovation (AOIs) are on the agenda of urban planners in the revitalisation of inner cities. The knowledge-based economy provides the opportunity to base these revitalisation efforts in creating AOIs as an evolution of the old industrial districts. Grounded in key conceptual frameworks in this research field - triple helix model, knowledge-based urban development paradigm, clusters of innovation framework, co-evolutionary theory, learning region theory and lifecycle of a new venture - as a reference, this work contributes to the existing literature by proposing a comprehensive model for the evolution of AOIs from inception to maturity. Using a case research study approach, the 22@Barcelona case, an AOI that transformed an old industrial district into a knowledge-based one, allows to analyse its evolution and to elaborate a model. Academic value stems from a new theorising effort of the evolution of AOIs. Urban planners benefit by getting additional clues in the revitalisation of cities. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge-Based Development Pages: 3-25 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2019 Keywords: areas of innovation; science parks; triple helix; knowledge-based urban development; clusters of innovation; innovation districts; knowledge cities; lifecycle; co-evolution; 22@Barcelona; ecosystems of innovation. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=98227 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijkbde:v:10:y:2019:i:1:p:3-25 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sajeda C. Tuli Author-X-Name-First: Sajeda C. Author-X-Name-Last: Tuli Author-Name: Richard Hu Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Hu Author-Name: Lain Dare Author-X-Name-First: Lain Author-X-Name-Last: Dare Title: Planning a global knowledge city: experience from Melbourne, Australia Abstract: This study investigates planning policy shifts to shape a global knowledge city in the dual contemporary transformative processes of globalisation and the knowledge economy. It develops an integrative conceptual and policy analytical framework from cross-fertilising 'the global city' and 'the knowledge city', and tests it by applying it to Melbourne as a case study. The empirical analysis involves a content analysis of strategic plans and elite interviews with key policy makers and informants. The findings are mixed. At both the state and the city levels, the strategic plans demonstrate a growing presence and importance of key themes that define Melbourne as an emerging global knowledge city. However, the absence of a national policy and problematic inter-governmental coordination in strategic directions, and a lack of focus on human capital without due considerations of home grown talent and international students, are limiting Melbourne from fully reaching its potential as a global knowledge city. Drawing on these findings, this study concludes with a discussion about the effectiveness of the constructed framework in conceptualising 'the global knowledge city' and policy analysis; it also points out a few limitations of this exploratory study that require further research. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge-Based Development Pages: 26-42 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2019 Keywords: planning policy shift; global city; knowledge city; strategic plan; Melbourne; Australia. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=98228 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijkbde:v:10:y:2019:i:1:p:26-42 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Josep Miquel Pique Author-X-Name-First: Josep Miquel Author-X-Name-Last: Pique Author-Name: Francesc Miralles Author-X-Name-First: Francesc Author-X-Name-Last: Miralles Author-Name: Clarissa Stefani Teixeira Author-X-Name-First: Clarissa Stefani Author-X-Name-Last: Teixeira Author-Name: Jadhi Vincki Gaspar Author-X-Name-First: Jadhi Vincki Author-X-Name-Last: Gaspar Author-Name: José Roberto Branco Ramos Filho Author-X-Name-First: José Roberto Branco Ramos Author-X-Name-Last: Filho Title: Application of the triple helix model in the revitalisation of cities: the case of Brazil Abstract: A new trend in urban projects has risen around a common problem: old urban spaces are losing most of their productive capabilities and becoming obsolete. In most cases, these spaces are revitalised by transforming them in knowledge based development areas. The aim of this paper is to understand how these transformation projects are developed. After reviewing the theoretical framework of the triple helix model and knowledge based urban development, using a multiple case approach, we analyse four Brazilian cities that are in the process of urban revitalization: Porto Digital in the city of Recife; Porto Maravilha in Rio de Janeiro; 4° Distrito in Porto Alegre; and Centro Sapiens in Florianópolis. The 22@Barcelona project, a world reference of brownfield transformations, is used as a control case. The findings shed light on how universities, government and industry, with the society and environment contribute to the urban, economic, social and governance transformation. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge-Based Development Pages: 43-74 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2019 Keywords: Brazilian cities; 22@Barcelona; urban revitalisation; urban transformation; urban renewal; knowledge-based economy; innovation districts; creativity districts; triple helix; knowledge-based urban development; Brazil; ecosystems of innovation. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=98230 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijkbde:v:10:y:2019:i:1:p:43-74 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Elsa Grimsdottir Author-X-Name-First: Elsa Author-X-Name-Last: Grimsdottir Author-Name: Ingi Runar Edvardsson Author-X-Name-First: Ingi Runar Author-X-Name-Last: Edvardsson Author-Name: Susanne Durst Author-X-Name-First: Susanne Author-X-Name-Last: Durst Title: Knowledge creation in knowledge-intensive small and medium sized enterprises Abstract: The paper presents insights into the knowledge creation process in three Icelandic knowledge-intensive small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Data were obtained through a case study methodology. The findings indicate that the three knowledge-intensive companies use complex, non-routine knowledge to deal with complex problems. Often, practical problems are a starting point for new ideas and knowledge development. Brainstorming, collaboration, teamwork, informal and formal gathering and other knowledge creation activities are used in the knowledge creating process. The companies showed many characteristics of SMEs with little formal structure and strategies. The subject of knowledge creation has received little attention in the literature. Thus, the study responds to this situation by giving insights into the knowledge creation processes in knowledge intensive SMEs. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge-Based Development Pages: 75-94 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2019 Keywords: knowledge creation; knowledge-intensive companies; KICs; knowledge management; small and medium-sized enterprises; SMEs. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=98236 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijkbde:v:10:y:2019:i:1:p:75-94 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Willem Van Winden Author-X-Name-First: Willem Van Author-X-Name-Last: Winden Title: Boosting the entrepreneurial scene in cities: experiences and reflections from the InFocus network - a short communication Abstract: This short communication contains a reflection on local entrepreneurial ecosystems and how to boost them, in the context of smart specialisation strategies of cities and regions. It is based on a literature study and inputs from ten member cities of the InFocus project (sponsored by the EU's URBACT programme), that exchange and develop knowledge about the development of smart specialisation strategies on the urban level. In September 2017, the network held a meeting in Turin, dedicated to the topic of promoting entrepreneurship ecosystems. The paper discusses several specific aspects of policies regarding entrepreneurship: the relation with smart specialisation approach, start-up promotion policies, fostering a culture of entrepreneurship, and the different development stages in entrepreneurship: Starting, scaling, and growing, with examples from cities in the InFocus network. Among other things, it concludes that a stronger alignment between the urban and regional policy levels is required to link the urban-focused start-up ecosystems to the regional industrial tissue. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge-Based Development Pages: 97-106 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2019 Keywords: entrepreneurship ecosystems; start-ups; smart specialisation; cities; incubators; innovation systems; urban innovation; urban policy. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=100988 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijkbde:v:10:y:2019:i:2:p:97-106 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gökçen Arkalı Olcay Author-X-Name-First: Gökçen Arkalı Author-X-Name-Last: Olcay Author-Name: Hacer Özgen Narcı Author-X-Name-First: Hacer Özgen Author-X-Name-Last: Narcı Author-Name: Metin Gürler Author-X-Name-First: Metin Author-X-Name-Last: Gürler Author-Name: Melih Bulu Author-X-Name-First: Melih Author-X-Name-Last: Bulu Title: Capturing innovation in surgeries: an evaluation from a management perspective Abstract: Surgery is considered as an integral part of any health system, comprising 30% of global burden of disease along with serious access problems and catastrophic payments across the world. More than 230 million major surgeries are done every year. Surgical innovations typically represent the greatest part of innovations in terms of their contributions to ensuring safer and high-quality care and thus saving lives in the field of healthcare management. Such innovations also contribute significantly to the knowledge society. Correctly identifying innovations in surgery and enabling them to be known and adapted by other surgeons is a critical concern for all stakeholders in healthcare. There exists no information on surgical innovations from a managerial perspective in Turkey. This study aims to explore how surgeons identify surgical innovations based on their real experiences of past surgeries using a semi-structured questionnaire distributed to surgeons in a major hospital chain in İstanbul, Turkey. The results shed light on recognising and evaluating surgical innovations provided by the practicing surgeons via a management perspective. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge-Based Development Pages: 107-127 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2019 Keywords: surgery; surgical innovation; innovation process; healthcare management; surgeons; variations; trial and error; emergency cases; new anatomical regions. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=100989 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijkbde:v:10:y:2019:i:2:p:107-127 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Walter Darío Castro-Ramírez Author-X-Name-First: Walter Darío Author-X-Name-Last: Castro-Ramírez Author-Name: Martine Gadille Author-X-Name-First: Martine Author-X-Name-Last: Gadille Author-Name: Juan Ramón Gallego-Bono Author-X-Name-First: Juan Ramón Author-X-Name-Last: Gallego-Bono Author-Name: Margarita Ramírez-Carmona Author-X-Name-First: Margarita Author-X-Name-Last: Ramírez-Carmona Title: Knowledge management in developing regions: the case of Valle de Aburrá, Colombia Abstract: This study aims to identify the components of a knowledge management (KM) model to support innovation governance in a Colombian cosmetics cluster. The inter-organisational management of knowledge applied to innovation governance, and the perspective of endogenous economic development emphasises the structural specificities of developing countries. In line with this objective, the community-based participatory research (CBPR) and Delphi methods were combined to collect information from the cluster's different stakeholders, among them dependent shareholders who expressed their views through spokespersons. In an initial stage, a knowledge management model was built. After a second stage with a planning exercise, it integrates organisational and contextualisation proposals, together with the specificities of each of the cluster's stakeholders. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge-Based Development Pages: 128-154 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2019 Keywords: knowledge management; knowledge management model; endogenous knowledge; developing regions; cosmetics; community-based participatory action research; territory; cosmetics cluster; governance; dependent stakeholders; minority groups; knowledge-based development; Columbia. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=101000 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijkbde:v:10:y:2019:i:2:p:128-154 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Heli Ponto Author-X-Name-First: Heli Author-X-Name-Last: Ponto Author-Name: Tommi Inkinen Author-X-Name-First: Tommi Author-X-Name-Last: Inkinen Title: Knowledge-based environments in the city: design and urban form in the Helsinki metropolitan area Abstract: Knowledge-based development (KBD) is of interest to cities, as it promotes economic growth and boosts dynamic urban image. Creative environments are arguably highly dependent on sociality, and they are usually located near city centres. The focus of this study is on three knowledge-based locations in the Helsinki metropolitan area (HMA) in Finland. The research material composes of field observation data and photographs. Results indicate that knowledge-intensive environments include several elements of good city design, for example, pedestrian-friendly street networks and green areas, but they tended to lack vibrant urban life, that is, human activity. The findings support the claim that information and communication technology (ICT)-based companies are not very dependent on the sociality of environment. As cities are spaces for individuals working, studying and visiting, attention must be paid to the urban design of these areas. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge-Based Development Pages: 155-175 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2019 Keywords: knowledge-based urban development; KBUD; urban design; planning; qualitative research; visual methods. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=101004 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijkbde:v:10:y:2019:i:2:p:155-175 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eduardo Tomé Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo Author-X-Name-Last: Tomé Title: Perspective paper: intellectual capital, knowledge management, politics and billionaires Abstract: We analyse if intellectual capital can have an impact in political terms namely in what comes to influence the outcome of elections. We base our analysis in usual and well-known concepts and theories about intellectual capital which has been widely used in relation with companies, organisations, and regions, and that in this paper we extend to apply to billionaires in the context of political power. We find that both conceptually and in practice intellectual capital seems to have a major impact in the political process and in the political results, particularly when it is the case of billionaires. Intellectual capital generates billionaires and is also a major enabler of the political success of billionaires. However, and quite decisively, intellectual capital only becomes decisive if billionaires are good at political knowledge management. Finally, this influence in elections is itself a mirror of the growing influence of intellectual capital in societies. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge-Based Development Pages: 176-189 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2019 Keywords: intellectual capital; knowledge management; elections; billionaires; politicians. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=101007 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijkbde:v:10:y:2019:i:2:p:176-189 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Philip Cooke Author-X-Name-First: Philip Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke Author-Name: JinHyo Joseph Yun Author-X-Name-First: JinHyo Joseph Author-X-Name-Last: Yun Author-Name: Xiaofei Zhao Author-X-Name-First: Xiaofei Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao Author-Name: YoungDuk Kim Author-X-Name-First: YoungDuk Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: The digital, quaternary or 4.0 web economy: aspects, effects and implications Abstract: The world economy is changing dynamically with the expansion of information technology (IT). The change is not only happening at the technology industry level itself; other industries are also being disrupted with the appearance of smart factories, autonomous cars, smart e-commerce, and the like. This paper preliminarily analyses the economic effects and concrete aspects of the quaternary economy, the knowledge-based part of the economy, which typically includes services such as information technology, information generation and sharing, media, research and development, as well as knowledge-based services. First, it analyses the economic effect of the quaternary economy on the USA, UK, and Israel in addition to the technological base of the quaternary such as Internet of Everything and financialisation effects. Second, it investigates the concrete aspects of the quaternary economy in five main areas including interactive or crossover innovation in artificial intelligence, appearance of cybersecurity from firewalls to cyber warfare, precision agriculture and smart farming, smart grid, electric vehicles and pilotless planes, and precision medicine. Third, the paper discusses the governance of the quaternary economy along with thin globalisation and relevant regulatory issues of the digital culture of our time. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge-Based Development Pages: 193-212 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2019 Keywords: quaternary economy; the fourth sector; web 4.0; knowledge economy; information technology. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=103201 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijkbde:v:10:y:2019:i:3:p:193-212 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrew Johnston Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Johnston Title: The roles of universities in knowledge-based urban development: a critical review Abstract: Universities are increasingly recognised as key actors in the knowledge-based urban development process, occupying a crucial role of knowledge creators and transmitters. This paper takes a critical view of these roles and reviews the extant literature to present a synopsis of relevant work examining universities and open innovation, the uncertainties involved in the process of knowledge transfer, and the spatial scope of university-industry links. The paper proposes a number of areas for future development: understanding the heterogeneity of universities and how this influences their potential roles in knowledge-based urban development; a better understanding of how uncertainties in the partner selection process may prevent efficient university-industry collaboration to promote knowledge-based urban development; further exploration of the micro-level processes involved in knowledge transfer between universities and firms; and a broader understanding of the roles of proximities in facilitating these links. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge-Based Development Pages: 213-231 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2019 Keywords: university-industry links; knowledge-based urban development; innovation; collaboration. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=103205 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijkbde:v:10:y:2019:i:3:p:213-231 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rachida Benabbou Author-X-Name-First: Rachida Author-X-Name-Last: Benabbou Author-Name: HeeChung Lee Author-X-Name-First: HeeChung Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Exploring the evolution of urban emotions in the City of Seoul using social media information Abstract: The city is a complex combination of various features that create our everyday living environment. It influences our perception of the urban surroundings and generates in us different feelings and emotions. Today, thanks to new technologies, social media provide multiple networking platforms where people can share their emotional experiences. These platforms generate a wide range of data and make available open information for all. However, their potential benefits are still not largely explored. This research focuses on visualising the evolution of urban emotions in the City of Seoul, using emotion information from social media platform. The main purpose of this study is to explore the evolution of Koreans' feelings about their city for the last five years, through processing their urban emotions in geospatial and temporal dimensions. The insights brought by this research may help understand how emotions evolve through time in relation to the urban landscape. Thus, help improve existing urban spaces and create emotionally enjoyable places that meet the citizens' expectations. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge-Based Development Pages: 232-248 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2019 Keywords: evolution; urban emotions; social media; smart city; geo-mapping. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=103208 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijkbde:v:10:y:2019:i:3:p:232-248 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mousa Al-kfairy Author-X-Name-First: Mousa Author-X-Name-Last: Al-kfairy Author-Name: Souheil Khaddaj Author-X-Name-First: Souheil Author-X-Name-Last: Khaddaj Author-Name: Robert B. Mellor Author-X-Name-First: Robert B. Author-X-Name-Last: Mellor Title: Computer modelling reveals the optimal development for the organisational structure of business clusters Abstract: Science and technology parks (STPs) foster innovation between firms inhabiting the cluster. Networking channels are considered as integral parts of the knowledge exchange process, and therefore the innovation process. We simulated three organisational topologies for STPs; firstly, in the star model all are connected to the cluster initiative (CI), secondly the strongly connected model, when all are connected to each other, and finally the randomly connected model, where the network follows no centralised topology. Analyses used adjacency matrixes and Monte-Carlo simulation, trading transaction (networking) costs against knowledge benefit. Results show that star topology is the most efficient form from the cost perspective, and this is especially the case for start-up STPs. Later, when the cost of knowledge transformation is lowered, then the strongly connected model becomes the most efficient topology, but this transition to high transaction costs is very risky if direct ties do not quickly result in tangible benefits. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge-Based Development Pages: 249-275 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2019 Keywords: cluster; innovation; network; tech-hub; simulation; modelling; Monte Carlo. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=103215 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijkbde:v:10:y:2019:i:3:p:249-275 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aidin Salamzadeh Author-X-Name-First: Aidin Author-X-Name-Last: Salamzadeh Author-Name: Mehdi Tajpour Author-X-Name-First: Mehdi Author-X-Name-Last: Tajpour Author-Name: Elahe Hosseini Author-X-Name-First: Elahe Author-X-Name-Last: Hosseini Title: Corporate entrepreneurship in University of Tehran: does human resources management matter? Abstract: The present study aims to examine whether human resource management affects the development of corporate entrepreneurship in University of Tehran, or not. This research is applied in term of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of quantitative approach. As the topic was strategic in University of Tehran, the statistical population consists of 200 directors and deputies of the university, among whom 132 were randomly selected. Data collection was conducted based on a questionnaire designed by Loshali and Krishnan (2013) regarding human resources management, and Huges and Morgan (2007) regarding corporate entrepreneurship. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the experts and its reliability was confirmed by composite reliability coefficient and Cronbach's alpha. To analyse the information structural equation modelling (SEM) and Smart PLS software were used. Finally, the results indicated that if more attention is paid to human resources management practices in University of Tehran, corporate entrepreneurship will be improved accordingly. Journal: Int. J. of Knowledge-Based Development Pages: 276-292 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2019 Keywords: human resources management; corporate entrepreneurship; University of Tehran. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=103218 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijkbde:v:10:y:2019:i:3:p:276-292