Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anil Kumar Goyal Author-X-Name-First: Anil Kumar Author-X-Name-Last: Goyal Title: Economic, political and institutional determinants of foreign direct investment inflow in emerging and developing Asia Abstract: This study investigates the role of economic, political and institutional factors in attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) inflow in the top five host economies of emerging and developing Asia consisting of China, Hong Kong, Singapore, India, and Vietnam for the period 2006-2016. The study is based on determinants, identified from literature review on the basis of their relevance and significance, of FDI inflow. The study uses fixed effects panel regression in order to measures the significance of determinants of FDI inflows in the top five host economies of developing Asia. The findings of panel regression model reveal that most of the economic variables seem to be statistically significant and determinants FDI inflow as compared to institutional and political variables of FDI. After imputing variables into economic, political and institutional, multiple regression estimates indicate that the coefficients of economic and institutional factors are significant as determinants of FDI inflow in developing Asia. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 59-77 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: determinants of FDI inflow; economic; political and institutional factors; emerging Asia; developing Asia; FDI host economies; China; Hong Kong; Singapore; India; Vietnam; panel data; fixed effect; multiple regression. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=119620 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:1:p:59-77 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Asha Nadig Author-X-Name-First: Asha Author-X-Name-Last: Nadig Author-Name: T. Viswanathan Author-X-Name-First: T. Author-X-Name-Last: Viswanathan Title: Price discovery and volatility transmission in the spot and futures market of pepper: an empirical analysis Abstract: Pepper, the 'king of spices', is one of the oldest and widely traded spices across the world over many centuries. As a commodity traded in the spot, futures and export market, global demand and supply play a crucial role in shaping pepper price and volatility. As price risks are integral to farmers and traders, forecasting successive prices will be of great help to them. The price risk can be minimised through effective hedging. The futures market provides a platform for both hedging and speculation. Hence understanding the relationship between spot and future market is essential for the traders of commodities. This paper examines the price discovery mechanism and volatility transmission between the spot and futures prices of pepper. Applying the statistical, seasonal variation and econometric models for forecasting, forecasting accuracy is tested. The Holt-Winter's model gives biased estimate of future prices. The ARIMA model is the appropriate model to forecast the price of pepper. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 78-99 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: forecasting; price discovery; co-integration; volatility spill over. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=119621 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:1:p:78-99 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ahmed Musa Khan Author-X-Name-First: Ahmed Musa Author-X-Name-Last: Khan Author-Name: Mohd Yasir Arafat Author-X-Name-First: Mohd Yasir Author-X-Name-Last: Arafat Author-Name: Mohd Anas Raushan Author-X-Name-First: Mohd Anas Author-X-Name-Last: Raushan Title: Analysing the entrepreneurial intentions through intellectual capital: evidences from India Abstract: Intellectual capital is defined as the knowledge that can be converted into value. Intellectual capital has received a considerable attention in the field of innovation performance. Still, there is a paucity of research which identifies the role of intellectual capital in creating ventures. This research is an attempt to examine the influence of intellectual capital on start-ups. A large data set of responses from 3360 respondents from India has been provided by the largest entrepreneurship research project, Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. A logistic regression technique is employed to measure the influence of intellectual capital on entrepreneurial intentions. The results show that all the components of intellectual capital, human capital, structural capital and relational capital have a positive and significant impact on entrepreneurial intentions. The study suggests that policies should be proposed to develop human capital, structural capital and facilitate interaction between existing and potential entrepreneurs so that new venture creation can be fostered. This research falls among the initial studies investigating the relationship between intellectual capital and entrepreneurial intentions. The review of literature reveals that very few studies based on large data set are conducted in developing countries like India. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 41-58 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: intellectual capital; entrepreneurial intentions; human capital; structural capital; relational capital; India. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=119622 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:1:p:41-58 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nimitha Aboobaker Author-X-Name-First: Nimitha Author-X-Name-Last: Aboobaker Author-Name: K.A. Zakkariya Author-X-Name-First: K.A. Author-X-Name-Last: Zakkariya Author-Name: Manoj Edward Author-X-Name-First: Manoj Author-X-Name-Last: Edward Title: Workplace spirituality and employees' readiness for change as precursors to innovative work behaviour: an empirical examination Abstract: Organisational performance and sustainability in the contemporary technological world is largely driven by the relentless change and continuous innovations brought about by employees. In this context, this paper investigates the relationship between workplace spirituality and innovative work behaviour, based on an empirical research conducted among 208 employees working in the information technology sector. The study also examined the mediating role of individual readiness for change in the aforementioned relationship. The three dimensions of workplace spirituality had varying influences on outcome variables. Employees with higher experiences of 'meaningful work' and 'alignment with organisational values' had higher readiness for change and innovative work behaviour. Findings of this study revealed no significant direct effect of 'sense of community' on innovative work behaviour of the employees. Nevertheless, 'sense of community' had an indirect effect on innovative work behaviour, through the mediating role of readiness to change. Implications for employees' experience of workplace spirituality and outcomes, so as to meet the challenges of a volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous (VUCA) business environment are elaborated. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 6-23 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: alignment with organisational values; innovative work behaviour; job design; meaningful work; organisational culture; readiness for change; sense of community; teamwork; workplace spirituality. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=119623 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:1:p:6-23 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mrinali Tikare Author-X-Name-First: Mrinali Author-X-Name-Last: Tikare Title: Impact of organisational justice on perception of ability-job-fit in a changing environment Abstract: This quantitative study aims to investigate the relationship among procedural justice (PJ), distributive justice (DJ) and perceived-ability-job-fit. Data were collected by using multi-stage sampling from 274 Class-I government employees. The scales developed by Sweeney and MaFarlin (1997) for 'Procedural-distributive justice (IV)' and Abdel-Halim (1981) for 'ability-job-fit (DV)' were selected. The respondents have positive perception about their ability to perform the job and they are optimistic about the fairness of prevailing procedures and distribution of rewards followed by their organisation which is indicated by high mean scores. The positive 'DJ' and 'PJ' perceptions proportionately increase the perception of ability-job-fit. Multiple-regression analysis indicated that two independent variables (DJ-PJ) explained the variance in perceived-ability-job-fit. The perception of PJ is making a statistically significant unique contribution to the prediction of the perceived-ability-job-fit. The employees can reduce the stress by understanding the 'fit-concepts'. The HR can predict the behaviour of their employees by executing the fairness practices in the system. The top-management can win trust and thereby expect support from their employees, even during dynamic/volatile business environments by implementing appropriate 'PJ' in the organisation. However, there are several concerns while generalising the findings of this study. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 24-40 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: distributive/procedural justice; experienced government employees; perceived-ability-job-fit. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=119624 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:1:p:24-40 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Vaithyasubramanian Author-X-Name-First: S. Author-X-Name-Last: Vaithyasubramanian Author-Name: D. Lalitha Author-X-Name-First: D. Author-X-Name-Last: Lalitha Author-Name: A. Christy Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: Christy Title: A formal design in the generation of an array PIN using a Petri net model and implementation for secure transactions Abstract: Online banking and ATM transactions are being used by many people for they are easy to process and also very fast. Being highly customer-oriented, the two keys to any transaction is the user's identity and the PIN. Increasing threats and frauds are a major concern in the security of banking transaction. Though several measures are being taken, yet there is a necessity for a mathematical and contemporary model for transaction security. A novel PIN validation technique for online and ATM operation based on array password has been proposed in this paper. For the formal design and generation of array password Petri net, the 'mathematical modelling language' has been utilised. Due to its feasibility and clarity, this scheme can be used to improve the security flaws in e-banking and e-commerce. The implementation process, advantage and usability of the proposed method are presented in this paper. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 116-128 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: ATM; PIN; transaction; security; array password; mathematical modelling; Petri net. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=119625 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:1:p:116-128 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thi Thanh Binh Nguyen Author-X-Name-First: Thi Thanh Binh Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen Author-Name: Min-Ru Tsai Author-X-Name-First: Min-Ru Author-X-Name-Last: Tsai Title: The impact of corporate governance on banks' earnings management Abstract: Loan loss provisions and realised fixed assets gains and losses are useful information for analysts and investors because they indicate a bank's sense of how stable its lending base and assets are. They are also used as forms of earnings management at banks as a higher level of loan loss provisions decrease earnings while a higher level of realised fixed assets gains and losses increase earnings. This study examines how corporate governance mechanisms affect earnings management at 25 publicly traded banks in Taiwan over the period of June 2003 to June 2018. The empirical results show that the discretionary use of loan loss provisions and realised fixed assets gains and losses play an important role in a bank's earnings management. In particular, we find that banks of financial holding companies prefer the discretionary use of loan loss provisions in earnings management that is not influenced by the power of CEOs but by the independent board and the board size. Besides, banks that do not belong to financial holding companies prefer the discretionary use of realised fixed assets gains and losses and their earnings performance are affected by the power of CEOs. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 100-115 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: earnings management; banks; loan loss provision; LLP; corporate governance. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=119626 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:1:p:100-115 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: N. Rashmi Author-X-Name-First: N. Author-X-Name-Last: Rashmi Author-Name: Mrinal Sarvagya Author-X-Name-First: Mrinal Author-X-Name-Last: Sarvagya Title: The peak-to-average power ratio reduction using hybrid scheme with companding and discrete Hartley transform for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system Abstract: Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing is a multicarrier and high data rate system. Increasing data rate through such modulation techniques increases amplitude variation with large dynamic range usually referred as peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) in OFDM systems. As a consequence, power amplifier need to operate in linear region to avoid nonlinear distortion. In this article, to combat the nonlinearity effect in communication systems we propose a novel hybrid scheme, combined with <i>μ</i>-law companding and discrete Hartley transform (DHT) spread. We present the detailed simulation results for PAPR reduction for OFDM and superposition coded modulation-OFDM. It is observed that SCM-OFDM performance is much superior to OFDM. In this article we proposed a scheme for SCM-OFDM system that reduces PAPR to 1.7949 dB. The article also compares the obtained results with clipping technique, partial transmit sequence, selective mapping. The computational complexity of the system using SCM-OFDM is reduced by 50% by applying hybrid scheme. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 303-317 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: clipping technique; selective mapping; partial transmit sequence; discrete Hartley transform; DHT; superposition coded modulation; SCM-OFDM; modified μ-law companding; MMC; peak-to-average power ratio; PAPR; bit error rate; BER; complementary commulative distribution function; CCDF. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=123754 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:3:p:303-317 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Janani Author-X-Name-First: R. Author-X-Name-Last: Janani Author-Name: S. Vijayarani Mohan Author-X-Name-First: S. Vijayarani Author-X-Name-Last: Mohan Author-Name: J. Ilamathi Author-X-Name-First: J. Author-X-Name-Last: Ilamathi Title: Text content analysis using semantic similarity and keyword extraction for automatic file name generation Abstract: Tremendous growth in internet technology has created a new platform which helps the users to download and store huge quantity of information. This situation has created a problem for the users, if they are searching for particular information or content from these files, it is very difficult for them to get and this process has become tedious and time consuming one. The main aim of this paper is to develop a new tool which provides the appropriate, meaningful and accurate file names automatically, after verifying and analysing the content. There are three important steps are carried out in this research work; in the first step, classification is performed based on file names, to find whether the file name is meaningful or meaningless. To do this task, the file names are compared using a proposed character numeric other (CNO) algorithm. During the second step, it classifies only the meaningless filenames by using the proposed search techniques. In the third step, it performs the keyword extraction and title extraction. In this step, there are two new algorithms keyword extraction (KWE) algorithm and automatic file name generator (AFNG) algorithms are proposed to generate the new file names automatically, from this, most appropriate file name is selected by the users. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 288-302 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: text mining; content analysis; automatic file name generator; keyword extraction; KWE; character numeric other; CNO; file classification; search; indexed search; KWE; automatic file name generator; AFNG. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=123755 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:3:p:288-302 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Venkatesan Author-X-Name-First: R. Author-X-Name-Last: Venkatesan Author-Name: Sevugan Prabu Author-X-Name-First: Sevugan Author-X-Name-Last: Prabu Title: Profound feature extraction and classification of hyperspectral images using deep learning Abstract: A hyperspectral image provides an asset of information, which tackles diversity of problems that occur in remote sensing the earth. These hyperspectral images are used in various applications such as research in geology, research in global changes, etc. The persistent issue, recurrent problem in remote sensing is classifying the spectral images, in which each pixels of the spectral image are being aimed to assign a label. Many steps are followed in hyper-spectral image classification such as pre-processing, features extraction with dimensionality reduction and classification. The pre-processing is used to reduce the noises using median filtering with anisotropic diffusion (AD) approach. Dimensionality reduction technique is often used to reduce the large volume of data. Discriminative local metric learning approach is applied to reduce the hyper spectral cube image dimension, thus retaining the significant components for further processing. Finally. recurrent neural network (RNN) algorithm is implemented to classify the features with improved accuracy. The proposed work outperforms the existing approaches in terms of accuracy and error rate measurements. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 318-331 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: hyper spectral imaging; diffusion approach; classification; features extraction; neural networks; class labels. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=123756 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:3:p:318-331 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anna Gustina Zainal Author-X-Name-First: Anna Gustina Author-X-Name-Last: Zainal Title: Combination of audiovisual message design on prevention technique of cocoa pest attack using video medium as extension media Abstract: The main purpose of this paper is to determine the improvement in farmers' knowledge about cocoa pests using video and the influence of knowledge improvement to the cocoa farmers. An experiment was conducted involving 80 respondents selected randomly from farmer groups in Way Jepara Subdistrict, Mataram Baru Subdistrict, East Lampung District, Lampung Province, Indonesia where respondents were divided into two groups and each group received two treatments. Data related to respondents' knowledge level is obtained through pre-test and post-test method. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique was used to analyse relationship between variables. This paper highlighted the result related to differences in farmers' knowledge before and after the experiment. It is found that the type of narrative language used in video did not affect in farmers' knowledge improvement. The experiment also found that the message presentation through video medium and the form of narrative presentation used was in an indirect narration form. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 275-287 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: communication; prevention technique; message; audio visual; relationship between variables; circular e-learning workware; public e-learning; response audience; effective tools; visual message; namely language; pre-test; treatment; post-test. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=123757 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:3:p:275-287 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Srinivas Kolachina Author-X-Name-First: Srinivas Author-X-Name-Last: Kolachina Author-Name: K. Bhavana Raj Author-X-Name-First: K. Bhavana Author-X-Name-Last: Raj Title: A theoretical study on managing the intangible component of the knowledge base of an organisation Abstract: Any organisation employing human resources must be very focused and strategic in preserving the intangible component, called, knowledge of the intellectual sources with the best care. Inevitably, this can be one of the significant responsibilities for the human resource professionals. Knowledge management originates from an objective of creating support, transferring and applying knowledge in the organisation. Acquiring knowledge sources, identifying their core expertise and deploying them into a well-structured knowledge management system makes an organisation to have an innovative and potential intellectual database built within. The theoretical study aims at exploring various dynamics of knowledge management vide elucidating the meaning and significance, thereby understanding the pros and cons of managing the same. The skill web and peer to peer learning are two crucial aspects to be borne in mind for effective and efficient implementation of knowledge management. The success story of Siemens value adds the significance of managing the intangible component of intellectual resources. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 344-356 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: intellect; knowledge; manage; learning; resource. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=123758 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:3:p:344-356 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Mano Paul Author-X-Name-First: P. Mano Author-X-Name-Last: Paul Author-Name: I. Diana Jeba Jingle Author-X-Name-First: I. Diana Jeba Author-X-Name-Last: Jingle Title: A privatised approach in enhanced spam filtering techniques using TSAS over cloud networks Abstract: Major problem over cloud networks is the effect of malicious code that protrudes its own activity without intend of network user in resource sharing. One such activity is the spam-filtering techniques which assumes the data with training and testing sets and also rely on fundamental classification through distribution. A privatised spam filtering approach is a classic problem which automatically recognises user context and incoming mail information relevance. To filter mail contents learning based methods, probabilistic based method trying to improve their accuracy but they cannot attain an improvement in identifying suspicious contents and also in segregating legitimate mail entries. Here a novel representation of structured abstraction scheme (SAS) used to generate abstraction in e-mail process using HTML tag content in e-mail and its algorithm for filtering such process of spam filtering is depicted. In this SAS methodology near duplicate matching process with HTML tag ordering will be processed and newly assigned position ordering were deliberated. The experimental setup shows that there will be a great improvement while filtering spam in accuracy of e-mail content while sharing in cloud networks. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 332-343 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: spam detection; abstraction scheme; spam ontology; privatised e-mail spam filtering; cloud networks. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=123759 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:3:p:332-343 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Rambabu Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Rambabu Author-Name: G.V. Nagesh Kumar Author-X-Name-First: G.V. Nagesh Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar Author-Name: Polamraju V.S. Sobhan Author-X-Name-First: Polamraju V.S. Author-X-Name-Last: Sobhan Title: Optimal power flow with renewable energy resources using static VAR compensator and grey wolf optimisation Abstract: The technical and economic performance of electrical power system networks is being improved by using renewable energy sources like solar, wind to the conventional power systems. In this paper, a composite bus utilisation index is used for the placing of static VAR compensator (SVC) and sized using grey wolf (GWO) algorithm for reduction of active power loss, fuel cost with valve-point effect and carbon emissions in a power system with renewable energy sources. Composite bus utilisation index (CBUI) is a blend of Vi/Vo index and L-index and determines the weak bus of the modern electrical system. The power to be delivered by wind and solar generation is determined by the Weibull probability density function (PDF) and lognormal PDF and interconnected to the power system network. The SVC is placed at the maximum value of CBUI, and the tuning of SVC at the proposed location is done with grey wolf algorithm. This methodology is applied to IEEE 57 bus systems to find the efficiency of the approach under various loading conditions. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 357-369 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: static VAR compensator; SVC; optimal reallocation; grey wolf algorithm; lognormal; Weibull PDF; carbon emission; valve point effect. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=123760 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:3:p:357-369 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D.S. Manoj Kumar Author-X-Name-First: D.S. Manoj Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar Author-Name: P. Sriramya Author-X-Name-First: P. Author-X-Name-Last: Sriramya Title: Optimising time in cloud using multi-hold inherited maximisation algorithm to reduce computational time Abstract: The analysis in cloud computing is gaining momentum. In cloud computing, the allotment of resources assumes a significant job in choosing the performance, resource usage, and power consumption of the information that is focused. The provision of virtual machines in the cloud-primarily focuses on fundamental enhancement issues in distributed computing, specifically once the cloud foundation is made for accessing the resources from portable and handled devices. Resource arranging upheld service level agreement in distributed computing is an NP-hard drawback. An improved calculation multi-hold inherited maximisation (MHIM) algorithm has been introduced which is dependent on hereditary calculation-based advancement has predicted that placing a variety of resources on demand by assessing the entire group of undertakings inside the activity line can reduce the computational time. The simulation results demonstrate that there is an extinct degree of difference in execution time and the response time of MHIM algorithm compared with different scheduling algorithms. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 370-382 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: scheduling algorithms; genetic algorithms; response time; VM allocation. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=123762 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:3:p:370-382 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pankaj Deshwal Author-X-Name-First: Pankaj Author-X-Name-Last: Deshwal Title: The effect of travel safety experience on passengers' satisfaction Abstract: The aim of the study is to ascertain the dimensions of safety experience of the female passengers in metro rail services provided by the Delhi metro rail in India. The impact of these dimensions on satisfaction is to be assessed. The female safety experience dimensions are obtained by performing an exploratory factor analysis. A structured instrument was used to collect responses from the female passengers. As output of the present research, nine dimensions viz. experience with other passengers, teasing experience, feeling towards metro rail, staff experience, outside metro station experience, compartment experience, behaviour experience, entry experience and recovery experience emerged as dimensions that lead to female passenger satisfaction as regards Delhi metro rail services. Further, out of these nine dimensions, five dimensions, namely, feeling towards metro rail, experience with other passengers, recovery experience and staff experience are found to be statistically significant. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 129-141 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: female; safety experience; satisfaction; metro rail; regression; factor analysis. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=121742 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:2:p:129-141 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Madhukar Chhimwal Author-X-Name-First: Madhukar Author-X-Name-Last: Chhimwal Author-Name: Saurabh Agrawal Author-X-Name-First: Saurabh Author-X-Name-Last: Agrawal Author-Name: Girish Kumar Author-X-Name-First: Girish Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar Title: Sustainable supply chain risk mitigation: a mixed method approach Abstract: The objective of this research is to find a way to minimise risk in the supply chain by identifying the critical success factors and analysing the relationship between sundry critical success factors. The proposed study constructs a model of the critical success factors using the interpretive structural modelling approach and tests the model using regression analysis technique. Analysis of the results indicates that there are some critical success factors which have high driving power and low dependence that require utmost attention and are of great paramount while other cluster consists of those critical success factors which are highly dependent and need futuristic actions. In this work, only regression analysis technique is used to validate the model that is developed using interpretive structural modelling approach. This type of relegation will help the supply chain managers to distinguish between independent and dependent critical success factors and how the relationships among the critical success factors will efficaciously minimise the risk in a supply chain. This study can be considered as a base study for the practitioners and academicians who are working in the area of risk management for achieving sustainability in the supply chain. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 142-162 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: sustainable supply chain management; SSCM; interpretive structural modelling; ISM; regression analysis; risk mitigation. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=121744 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:2:p:142-162 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Juan Jose Blazquez-Resino Author-X-Name-First: Juan Jose Author-X-Name-Last: Blazquez-Resino Author-Name: Edyta Gołąb-Andrzejak Author-X-Name-First: Edyta Author-X-Name-Last: Gołąb-Andrzejak Author-Name: Santiago Gutierrez-Broncano Author-X-Name-First: Santiago Author-X-Name-Last: Gutierrez-Broncano Title: Gender differences in the perception of the quality of college life in a Spanish university Abstract: Through the current research, we intend to analyse how students differ in their levels of quality of college life (QCL) according to gender, and how this relates to overall quality of life (QoL) and loyalty [measured by identification and word of mouth (WoM)] to their specific university. The survey included 243 students attending a public university in Spain. The results obtained through the analysis of data allow affirming that there are differences between women and men both in the configuration of the quality of their college life and in its effect on the loyalty shown towards the college. This paper contributes towards an improved comprehension regarding the differences between the students according to their gender, so that managers can develop strategies better adapted to students. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 163-180 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: quality of college life; QCL; student satisfaction; installations satisfaction; education satisfaction; social satisfaction; quality of life; QoL; positive word of mouth; WoM; identification; gender differences; effect of gender; university; Spain. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=121745 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:2:p:163-180 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yashish Swami Author-X-Name-First: Yashish Author-X-Name-Last: Swami Author-Name: Navjot Singh Author-X-Name-First: Navjot Author-X-Name-Last: Singh Author-Name: Umang Soni Author-X-Name-First: Umang Author-X-Name-Last: Soni Title: Performance measurement of various AI techniques for energy estimation and its optimisation using sensitivity analysis Abstract: The objective of this research is to predict energy performance of a building (EPB) in terms of heating and cooling load by using various artificial intelligence (AI) techniques then measuring the corresponding strength of each input and its effect on the output in order to identify the most significant input from the lot by using sensitivity analysis. EPB can help in efficient construction of buildings as well as put a leash on dwindling natural resources and global warming. The various intelligent techniques used in this project are artificial neural network (ANN), adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), ANFIS-GA (genetic algorithm) and ANFIS-PSO (particle swarm optimisation). In order to identify the most significant input, we are using a technique based on sensitivity analysis, which is called the connection weight algorithm. In the end, performance of the AI techniques is compared to select the best performing model. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 181-194 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: energy performance of building; artificial neural network; ANN; adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system; ANFIS; ANFIS-GA; ANFIS-PSO; sensitivity analysis; heating load; cooling load. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=121746 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:2:p:181-194 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shubhra Gautam Author-X-Name-First: Shubhra Author-X-Name-Last: Gautam Author-Name: Deepak Kumar Author-X-Name-First: Deepak Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar Author-Name: L.M. Patnaik Author-X-Name-First: L.M. Author-X-Name-Last: Patnaik Title: Optimisation of software release time using adaptive neuro fuzzy approach Abstract: Cost and reliability are two important factors that govern the release time of software. These parameters are estimated with respect to mean number of failures in the software. A software release time growth model is used to determine the reliability of the software. The most important decision taken by the software development team is to release a software with maximum reliability and minimum cost. Researchers have discussed various optimisation methods to find the optimal release time. In this research study, an adaptive neuro fuzzy optimisation method is discussed with different input criteria to find the optimal time of release of software. Different input criteria considered in this research are cost and reliability of the software. Adaptive neuro fuzzy optimisation method has the advantage of fuzzy logic as well as neural network. Numerical examples are explained and results are compared with the other optimisation methods. From the results of the numerical example, it can be concluded that the neuro fuzzy optimisation method is best for software release time optimisation. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 195-206 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: software testing; reliability; cost; optimisation; release time; neuro fuzzy; fuzzy optimisation; adaptive neuro fuzzy; crisp optimisation; software growth model; mean value function; neural network. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=121750 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:2:p:195-206 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tariq Tawfeeq Yousif Alabdullah Author-X-Name-First: Tariq Tawfeeq Yousif Author-X-Name-Last: Alabdullah Title: Management accounting insight via a new perspective on risk management - companies' profitability relationship Abstract: This study aims at introducing a new insight to the literature in the field of management accounting. It investigates the link between predictor and predicted variables; independent managers in the board and risk management committee, and their impact on companies' profitability represented by management accounting measurements ROE and ROA, and company's profitability represented by market share. I utilised multiple regression to analyse available data for Jordanian industrial firms for the ended year 2017. Unlike prior studies, I find an insignificant link between independent managers and company's profitability represented by ROE and market share. Furthermore, risk management committee has a significant relationship with ROE and market share. The originality of this study is its concern on the effect of different factors on profitability is remaining somewhat under-researched. Thus, the current research is the first of its kind that investigates risk management as a predictor variable in its link with market share. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 244-257 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: independent manager; risk management committee; RMC; companies' profitability; developing countries. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=121752 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:2:p:244-257 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cuong Hung Pham Author-X-Name-First: Cuong Hung Author-X-Name-Last: Pham Title: Role of advertising and promotional strategies in shaping consumer brand attitude regarding consumer durable retailers in Vietnam Abstract: Marketing communication is changing day by day along with the changing customer touch points, buying points, preferences and stores choices. As a result of this, advertising and promotional strategies are also changing. The purpose of this paper is to find the role of advertising and promotional strategies in shaping consumer brand attitude in the area of consumer durables in Vietnam. The present paper is exploratory cum descriptive in nature. The study uses primary data collected with the help of structured questionnaire from 638 respondents. The scale development and scale validation has been done through confirmatory factor analysis and validity and reliability analysis testing respectively. Structural equation modelling has been applied to establish the relationship between advertising and promotional strategies and brand attitude. It has been found from the study that there are four constructs of advertising and promotional strategies namely advertising, sales promotion, direct marketing and word of mouth. All these constructs have significant role in shaping brand attitude. The study establishes the relationship among advertising and promotional strategies and brand attitude. Such a comprehensive relationship was not found in the extant literature in the context of consumer durable retailing. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 258-273 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: advertising; promotional strategies; brand attitude; consumer goods; brand equity; retail industry; customer equity. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=121753 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:2:p:258-273 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peeyush Vats Author-X-Name-First: Peeyush Author-X-Name-Last: Vats Author-Name: Gunjan Soni Author-X-Name-First: Gunjan Author-X-Name-Last: Soni Author-Name: Ajay Pal Singh Rathore Author-X-Name-First: Ajay Pal Singh Author-X-Name-Last: Rathore Author-Name: Om Ji Shukla Author-X-Name-First: Om Ji Author-X-Name-Last: Shukla Title: Grey-based decision-making approach for the selection of distributor in a supply chain Abstract: The objective of this research article is to select the most appropriate distributor in a supply chain by applying a grey approach. This approach may be very much helpful to select the most suitable distributor in a supply chain among all alternatives of distributors available in the existing supply chain. For implementing this approach, a case study has been carried out from a large-sized bearing manufacturing company for deciding the best alternative of distributor. In this case study, eight selection criteria and four distributors have been considered. A grey approach is implemented for selecting the most suitable distributor based on eight selection criteria among all the four distributors. In this article, grey-based, decision-making approach has been discussed in a very detailed manner for the selection of the best alternative of distributor by providing the comparative ranking to the alternatives and some specific weights to the selection criteria of the distributor. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 207-225 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: grey approach; supply chain; distributor; multi-criteria decision making problem. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=121760 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:2:p:207-225 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pandu Dwi Luhur Pambudi Author-X-Name-First: Pandu Dwi Luhur Author-X-Name-Last: Pambudi Author-Name: Mahendrawathi Er Author-X-Name-First: Mahendrawathi Author-X-Name-Last: Er Title: Identifying relation, problem and IT approach of design and planning in engineer-to-order Abstract: The primary driver of the complexity of planning in an engineer-to-order (ETO) project is the uncertainty of design deep into the engineering and production process. There are no studies that explicitly identify and analyse the topics related to the relation between design and planning; the problems appeared during the design and planning phase, and the IT approach in ETO company. This paper presented the SLR results using content analysis on a comprehensively and systematically generated survey samples. The results confirmed that the design has actively associated with planning. Uncertainty and variability become the broad topics discussed in the design problem. On the other side, the dynamic and deterministic problems are widely discussed in the planning problems. The findings showed that the IT approach using ERP and CAD was the most attractive approach discussed by several studies in this related field. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 383-407 Issue: 4 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: engineer-to-order; ETO; design; planning; IT approach; systematic literature review; SLR. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=126396 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:4:p:383-407 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T. Satyanarayana Murthy Author-X-Name-First: T. Satyanarayana Author-X-Name-Last: Murthy Title: An efficient diabetes prediction system for better diagnosis Abstract: An unreasonable increase of glucose in blood results in diabetes. In recent times this problem is often seen in many people around the world. Having an efficient medical diagnosis of diabetic prevention is essential. In this context, healthcare professionals have come up with different solutions, but none of them have taken shape. Considering these facts, we have proposed an integrated diabetic prediction system with the inclusions of un-supervised K-means clustering and naive Bayes classification. In this context, random attribute selection is used as the initial centroid selection method for K-means clustering. Significant work is compared with traditional classification algorithms like naive Bayes, SVM, etc., in terms of accuracy along with additional performance parameters like sensitivity, specificity, precision, and F-measure. As a result, it is determined that the proposed algorithm with 99.42%, which is higher than any other recently proposed classification technique, is achieved. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 408-421 Issue: 4 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: diabetes mellitus; metabolic; knowledge-based DSS; PIMA Indian Heritage; WEKA. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=126397 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:4:p:408-421 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anand Haridas Author-X-Name-First: Anand Author-X-Name-Last: Haridas Author-Name: Alun Epps Author-X-Name-First: Alun Author-X-Name-Last: Epps Title: Brand preferences for consumer electronics in the United Arab Emirates Abstract: The global consumer electronics industry has recently seen intense rivalry between a few major players. This research focuses on consumer behaviour, brand preferences and the relationship between socio-demographic factors and brand preferences in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). A quantitative study of data collected through a web-based questionnaire concludes that quality and brand equity are the major determinants of a consumer's decision and identifies Sony and Apple as the preferred electronics and smart phone brands. Age, gender and income do not influence brand preference within the UAE market. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 422-437 Issue: 4 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: consumer behaviour; brand preference; quality; brand equity; consumer electronics; smart phones; socio-demographic factors; the United Arab Emirates. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=126398 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:4:p:422-437 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Meike Schulte Author-X-Name-First: Meike Author-X-Name-Last: Schulte Author-Name: Cody Morris Paris Author-X-Name-First: Cody Morris Author-X-Name-Last: Paris Title: Supply chain transparency, ethical sourcing, and synthetic diamond alternatives: exploring the perspectives of diamond retailers Abstract: Supply chain transparency is central to sustainable business operations, and consumers are more proactively seeking out socially responsible goods and services. At the same time, the diamond industry has traditionally been 'opaque'. The perception of 'blood diamonds' continues to be a challenge to the industry. The purpose of this paper is to explore the importance and perspectives of supply chain transparency of diamond retailers in the UAE and their perceptions of the importance of transparency and ethical sourcing for consumer diamond purchasing decisions. The research findings suggest that retailers currently perceive the consumers to be indifferent or unaware of the complexity of transparency in the diamond supply chain. However, some consumers did inquire about the origin. Additionally, as they are at the end of the supply chain, retailers do not have the means to guarantee that diamonds are ethically sourced. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 438-457 Issue: 4 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: diamond industry; conflict diamonds; synthetic diamonds; provenance; sourcing conditions; ethical sourcing; supply chain transparency; diamond jewellery retailers. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=126399 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:4:p:438-457 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Mahesawri Author-X-Name-First: K. Author-X-Name-Last: Mahesawri Author-Name: S. Ramkumar Author-X-Name-First: S. Author-X-Name-Last: Ramkumar Title: Analysis of error rate for various attributes to obtain the optimal decision tree Abstract: The competitiveness and computational intelligence are required to increase the gross profit of the product in a market. The classification algorithm rpart is applied on retail market dataset. The regression rpart decision tree algorithm is implemented with principal component analysis to impute data in the missing part of the dataset. The objective is to obtain an optimal tree by analysing cross validation error, standard deviation error, and number of splits and relative error of various attributes. The results of various attributes by ANOVA method are compared to choose the best optimal tree. The tree with minimum error rate is considered for the optimal tree. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 458-472 Issue: 4 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: decision tree; error rate; data mining and pruning. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=126400 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:4:p:458-472 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alaa M. Ubaid Author-X-Name-First: Alaa M. Author-X-Name-Last: Ubaid Author-Name: Refaat Hassan Abdel-Razek Author-X-Name-First: Refaat Hassan Author-X-Name-Last: Abdel-Razek Title: Technological innovation: classification model and future research agenda Abstract: Previous innovation classification models suffer from duplications, gaps, and overlaps. A comprehensive innovation classification model was proposed in this paper. The proposed model present and explain the concept of multidimensional innovations, fill the gaps in the previous classification models, integrate the classical and the modern innovation types, explain the relationships between innovation types, and help to propose future research directions. The overlaps between innovation types were identified and unified. For classical innovation types, four-dimensional innovation levels were analysed and presented in the model. The analysis showed that the higher innovations levels stem from the combination of the lower innovation levels with decreased numbers of innovations as we move to the higher innovation levels. The proposed model incorporates innovation types that have been ignored in the previous models, which maximise the benefits of this model. SLR methodology adopted in this research reveals the identification of many future research directions. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 473-512 Issue: 4 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: innovation types; classification; typology; sustainability; eco; resources constrained. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=126401 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:4:p:473-512 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pankaj Deshwal Author-X-Name-First: Pankaj Author-X-Name-Last: Deshwal Author-Name: Ankit Kumar Author-X-Name-First: Ankit Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar Author-Name: Umang Soni Author-X-Name-First: Umang Author-X-Name-Last: Soni Author-Name: Roshil Verma Author-X-Name-First: Roshil Author-X-Name-Last: Verma Title: Customer experience evaluation of the car rental industry in Delhi NCR Abstract: This paper is aimed extracting the key dimensions of customer experience in the self-drive car rental industry in India and studying their impact on user's satisfaction, user's loyalty, word-of-mouth and social perceptions. The study was carried out using a 31-item questionnaire which was responded by 155 participants. The principal component analysis was performed followed by linear regression. The results indicated that the four components-application functioning, operational convenience, transaction convenience and variety of choice - had a positive impact on loyalty, satisfaction and word-of-mouth and negligible influence on social perceptions. Journal: Int. J. of Intelligent Enterprise Pages: 226-243 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 2022 Keywords: car rental industry; satisfaction; word-of-mouth; WOM; social perception; customer experience; loyalty; India. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=121798 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijient:v:9:y:2022:i:2:p:226-243