Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bas Straatman Author-X-Name-First: Bas Author-X-Name-Last: Straatman Author-Name: Britta Boyd Author-X-Name-First: Britta Author-X-Name-Last: Boyd Author-Name: Diana Mangalagiu Author-X-Name-First: Diana Author-X-Name-Last: Mangalagiu Author-Name: Peter Rathje Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Rathje Author-Name: Christian Eriksen Author-X-Name-First: Christian Author-X-Name-Last: Eriksen Author-Name: Bjarne Madsen Author-X-Name-First: Bjarne Author-X-Name-Last: Madsen Author-Name: Irena Stefaniak Author-X-Name-First: Irena Author-X-Name-Last: Stefaniak Author-Name: Morten Jensen Author-X-Name-First: Morten Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen Author-Name: Steen Rasmussen Author-X-Name-First: Steen Author-X-Name-Last: Rasmussen Title: A consumption-based, regional input-output analysis of greenhouse gas emissions and the carbon regional index Abstract: This paper presents a consumption-based method accounting for greenhouse gas emissions at regional level based on a multi-region input-output model. The method is based on regional consumption and includes imports and exports of emissions, factual emission developments, green investments as well as low carbon development policies. We comparatively analyse three regional case studies in Denmark and show how regional initiatives implemented to reduce emissions are translated into easy to access input-output parameter changes and how the method transparently assesses the impact of various long-term regional climate plans on emissions. For the comparative analysis we further develop a carbon regional index (CRI), which delineates five key dimensions that define past, current and planned regional and embedded emissions. The method can form a basis for regional climate policies, promote the export of solutions from one region to another and enable policy-makers to observe good practices and test them at regional level before potential implementation on a larger scale. Journal: Int. J. of Environmental Technology and Management Pages: 1-36 Issue: 1/2 Volume: 21 Year: 2018 Keywords: regional input-output analysis; carbon footprint; emissions import and export; regional comparison; carbon regional index; CRI; comparative benchmarking; Denmark. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=92559 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijetma:v:21:y:2018:i:1/2:p:1-36 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Arjita Rai Author-X-Name-First: Arjita Author-X-Name-Last: Rai Author-Name: Patrick L. Gurian Author-X-Name-First: Patrick L. Author-X-Name-Last: Gurian Author-Name: Michelle C. Kondo Author-X-Name-First: Michelle C. Author-X-Name-Last: Kondo Author-Name: Issa Zakeri Author-X-Name-First: Issa Author-X-Name-Last: Zakeri Author-Name: Lucy Robinson Author-X-Name-First: Lucy Author-X-Name-Last: Robinson Author-Name: Anneclaire J. De Roos Author-X-Name-First: Anneclaire J. De Author-X-Name-Last: Roos Title: An evaluation of changes in opinion from an expert workshop on turbidity in drinking water supplies and acute gastrointestinal illness Abstract: Several epidemiological studies have found associations between turbidity in drinking water supplies and acute gastrointestinal illness, although these results have been controversial. This project sought to critically evaluate these epidemiological studies through a workshop of multidisciplinary subject matter experts. Pre- and post-workshop surveys were conducted to assess any changes in opinion occurring after the one-day workshop where issues identified in the literature review were discussed. Changes were mostly small, non-significant shifts toward less favourable views of the studies. The only significant change was a shift weak agreement to weak disagreement with the statement that more should be done to ensure US drinking water quality. Responses to questions differed significantly by affiliation, discipline, and by role in the study. The survey results indicate that the workshop did not produce consensus among the participants. The survey provided a means of documenting differences in opinions expressed by all workshop attendees. Journal: Int. J. of Environmental Technology and Management Pages: 37-63 Issue: 1/2 Volume: 21 Year: 2018 Keywords: turbidity; drinking water; acute gastrointestinal illness; expert workshop; survey research. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=92560 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijetma:v:21:y:2018:i:1/2:p:37-63 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Radhika P. Deshpande Author-X-Name-First: Radhika P. Author-X-Name-Last: Deshpande Author-Name: Ajay R. Tembhurkar Author-X-Name-First: Ajay R. Author-X-Name-Last: Tembhurkar Title: Optimal routing of complex transportation system of biomedical waste with multiple depot and disposal options Abstract: Determination of safe and optimal routes for biomedical waste (BMW) collection and transportation using a fleet of vehicles is a complex issue. The issue gets significant, when the vehicles that outset from multiple depots, collects the BMW from hospitals scattered around a region and carry the waste to multiple disposal sites. The present paper deals with the development of a modified ACS-based approach to determine the optimal and safest route for BMW collection and transportation for such situation. The major objectives considered for route selection of vehicles, are the risk associated with the collection and transportation of BMW; total scheduling time of vehicles and number of vehicles. In this approach, clusters of the hospital nodes are constituted based on their distance from the nearest depot and late time window associated with the hospital node. Thereafter, the routes are scheduled and optimised using modified multi-objective ant colony system (MOACS). The computed results are validated abreast with benchmark solutions, demonstrating effectiveness of the proposed approach. Its applicability is elucidated using an illustrative example based on realistic data. Journal: Int. J. of Environmental Technology and Management Pages: 77-90 Issue: 1/2 Volume: 21 Year: 2018 Keywords: biomedical waste; BMW; multi-objective; optimal vehicle routing problem; VRP; waste management; ant colony system; safety; time window; collection and transportation; multiple depot, multiple disposal. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=92564 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijetma:v:21:y:2018:i:1/2:p:77-90 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rajni Dhyani Author-X-Name-First: Rajni Author-X-Name-Last: Dhyani Author-Name: Niraj Sharma Author-X-Name-First: Niraj Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma Title: Vehicular pollution dispersion modelling along roads using CALINE4 model - a review Abstract: The present paper presents a review of vehicular pollution dispersion models with particular focus on CALINE4 model. The CALINE4 model is one of the most extensively used model for prediction of vehicular pollution along highways/roads. The CALINE4 model is easy handing and less input data requirement makes it useful for screening purposes. The paper also briefly discusses about the performance evaluation, sensitivity analysis of CALINE4 model along with uncertainty due to limitations in terms of input data provided in CALINE4 model's output. Journal: Int. J. of Environmental Technology and Management Pages: 91-110 Issue: 1/2 Volume: 21 Year: 2018 Keywords: vehicular pollution; dispersion models; CALINE4 model; performance evaluation; mixed traffic. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=92565 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijetma:v:21:y:2018:i:1/2:p:91-110 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jadhav Kapilesh Author-X-Name-First: Jadhav Author-X-Name-Last: Kapilesh Author-Name: Jadhav Indrani Author-X-Name-First: Jadhav Author-X-Name-Last: Indrani Title: Assaying coliform removal in waste stabilisation ponds system through the dispersed flow regime Abstract: This study aims to investigate total coliform (TC) and thermotolerant coliform (TTC) removal efficiency of the waste stabilisation ponds (WSPs) system in Central India through the dispersed flow regime. To accomplish this, coliform (TC and TTC) die-off coefficient (<i>K<sub align="right"><small>b</small></sub></i>) was estimated for each pond (anaerobic, facultative and maturation) by the dispersed flow regime. Maximum <i>K<sub align="right"><small>b</small></sub></i> value was observed for the maturation pond (<i>K<sub align="right"><small>b</small></sub></i>, 5.8) in comparison to the facultative (<i>K<sub align="right"><small>b</small></sub></i>, 5.6) and anaerobic ponds (<i>K<sub align="right"><small>b</small></sub></i>, 1.8) and satisfactory correlate with the pond's depth (R<sup align="right"><small>2</small></sup>, 0.99) and hydraulic detention time (HDT) (R<sup align="right"><small>2</small></sup>, 0.73). On comparing coliform (TC and TTC) removal efficiency of different ponds in different seasons (viz; post monsoon, winter and summer), it was observed that total and thermotolerant coliform load increased in the post monsoon season. This was attributed to differences in the prevalence of infection and fecal excretion levels and due to the mixing of runaway water with raw sewage during the monsoon, which increased the bacterial load. Applying the dispersed flow model to assay coliform removal efficiency of WSPs system, we concluded that shallow ponds with a higher hydraulic detention time have good removal efficiency compared to deep ponds with lower hydraulic detention time. Journal: Int. J. of Environmental Technology and Management Pages: 64-76 Issue: 1/2 Volume: 21 Year: 2018 Keywords: total coliform; TC; thermotolerant coliform; TTC; waste stabilisation ponds system; WSPs; die-off coefficient (Kb); dispersed flow regime; hydraulic detention time; HDT; environment management. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=92567 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijetma:v:21:y:2018:i:1/2:p:64-76