Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bogdan Mróz Author-X-Name-First: Bogdan Author-X-Name-Last: Mróz Author-Name: Barbara Grabiwoda Author-X-Name-First: Barbara Author-X-Name-Last: Grabiwoda Title: Generation Z: the new mobile consumers. Empirical evidence from Poland Abstract: The primary purpose of this paper is to determine how marketing activities in the mobile environment impact the new, heavily digitalised purchase decision-making by Generation Z. To achieve a comprehensive view on Generation Z's consumer behaviour, the authors performed an empirical study focused on the usage of mobile technology. The research was supported by an extensive review of the topical literature. The results were followed by statistical analysis, which uncovered substantial importance of mobile technologies among young respondents. The findings of the research confirmed the assumed hypothesis that the most important factor determining purchase decision-making among Generation Z is employment of mobile technologies by companies in their contacts with young consumers. 53% of respondents pay attention to mobile marketing communication and declare positive attitude towards such activities. The research also indicated how crucial mobile social media presence is for companies aiming to target Generation Z consumers. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 1-20 Issue: 1 Volume: 21 Year: 2025 Keywords: consumer behaviour; purchase decision-making; Generation Z; mobile technologies; Poland. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=145412 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:21:y:2025:i:1:p:1-20 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Evgeniya K. Karpunina Author-X-Name-First: Evgeniya K. Author-X-Name-Last: Karpunina Author-Name: Raisa L. Agabekyan Author-X-Name-First: Raisa L. Author-X-Name-Last: Agabekyan Author-Name: Igor V. Petrov Author-X-Name-First: Igor V. Author-X-Name-Last: Petrov Author-Name: Elena A. Gorlova Author-X-Name-First: Elena A. Author-X-Name-Last: Gorlova Author-Name: Tatyana G. Sobolevskaya Author-X-Name-First: Tatyana G. Author-X-Name-Last: Sobolevskaya Title: BRICS countries as new growth poles of the global digital economy Abstract: The purpose of the study is to identify the digital economy self-development potential of the BRICS countries, which is necessary for them to become the growth poles of the global economic system. The authors have adapted the concept of 'self-development potential' to the research of the digital economy. The article offers the author's methodology for assessing the digital economy self-development potential based on the use of the method of integral estimates. The calculation of complex integral indicator of the digital economy self-development potential in each of the BRICS countries has allowed the authors to identify countries that have an opportunity to become growth poles in the global economy (China and Russia), as well as to determine the outsider countries (Brazil, India and South Africa). The authors justified the need to differentiate the state policy in relation to the growth poles and outsider countries. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 21-38 Issue: 1 Volume: 21 Year: 2025 Keywords: digital economy; BRICS countries; emerging economies; digital economy self-development potential; developed countries; growth poles; advanced development; state policy; productivity; differentiated policy. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=145413 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:21:y:2025:i:1:p:21-38 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bibhuti Ranjan Mishra Author-X-Name-First: Bibhuti Ranjan Author-X-Name-Last: Mishra Author-Name: Bharadwaja Sastry Adiraju Author-X-Name-First: Bharadwaja Sastry Author-X-Name-Last: Adiraju Title: Estimation of fiscal multipliers for India Abstract: The multiplier remains an effective tool to evaluate the effects of the changes in government expenditure. In this paper, we estimate five multipliers using the SVAR framework. We report impact multipliers in the range 0.23 to 1.85 and cumulative multipliers in the range 0.45 to 5.45. Our results are in line with empirical literature and have important implications for the Government of India's fiscal stance. We point out that since capital expenditure multipliers are greater than revenue expenditure multipliers, the government must rationalise revenue expenditure and spend more on building productive capital. Secondly, we recommend that capital budgets should be optimised towards components that provide the most productive effects. Finally, in light of the coronavirus-induced economic crisis, we recommend caution to ensure that greater revenue expenditure does not crowd out private investment and that a calibrated and coordinated monetary policy will be essential in tackling this issue. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 64-90 Issue: 1 Volume: 21 Year: 2025 Keywords: fiscal multipliers; fiscal policy; India. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=145416 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:21:y:2025:i:1:p:64-90 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nivedita Sinha Author-X-Name-First: Nivedita Author-X-Name-Last: Sinha Author-Name: Saandra Nandakumar Author-X-Name-First: Saandra Author-X-Name-Last: Nandakumar Title: Borrowers' response to bank consolidation in India Abstract: We assess the response of publicly-traded borrower-firms to bank consolidation announcements in India using an event study methodology. The results of our paper suggest that borrower-firms, on average, respond positively to the news of bank consolidation; however, the response is heterogeneous. We investigate if this variation in response depends on the primary bank's characteristics and borrower-firms' characteristics. The paper finds that borrowers of merging banks with a high ratio of gross non-performing assets (GNPAs) react more positively to the consolidation announcement than borrower-firms of relatively low GNPAs banks. The paper also suggests that large borrower-firms, and business groups affiliated firms, respond more positively to the bank consolidation announcement. The results of cross-sectional regression analysis imply that borrower-firms' characteristics such as profitability, size, business group affiliation, firm's age, and primary bank's GNPAs are important determinants to the sensitivity of cumulative abnormal returns to bank consolidation news. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 39-63 Issue: 1 Volume: 21 Year: 2025 Keywords: financial economics; financial intermediation; financial markets; event study; government policy and regulation; public sector banks; borrower-firms; bank consolidation; abnormal returns; business groups; India. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=145417 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:21:y:2025:i:1:p:39-63 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Muhamad Rias K.V. Zainuddin Author-X-Name-First: Muhamad Rias K.V. Author-X-Name-Last: Zainuddin Author-Name: Amirul Hamza Abdullah Author-X-Name-First: Amirul Hamza Author-X-Name-Last: Abdullah Author-Name: Hakimah Nur Ahmad Hamidi Author-X-Name-First: Hakimah Nur Ahmad Author-X-Name-Last: Hamidi Title: Economics and social cost of movement restrictions in Malaysia: an input-output analysis Abstract: The objective of this study is to calculate the monthly economic and social cost of the enacted movement control in Malaysia. Varying sectoral output shocks are considered in three scenarios, which are the movement control order (MCO), the conditional movement control order (CMCO), and the recovery movement control order (RMCO). This study employs input-output analysis in calculating the monthly cost of each movement control measure on the sectoral output and value-added and employment in Malaysia. Overall, the output from this study indicates that the MCO, CMCO and RMCO implementation cost the economic value-added by RM 14.3 billion, RM 7.9 billion and RM 1.8 billion. The social losses are explained by the number of job losses, where the MCO has the highest number of job losses (162,700 employees), and the low-skilled and skilled workers have the highest share. Several policy implications have been discussed in the conclusion. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 91-112 Issue: 1 Volume: 21 Year: 2025 Keywords: COVID-19; movement control order; economic cost; social cost; employment; input-output analysis; Malaysia. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=145418 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:21:y:2025:i:1:p:91-112 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K.V. Bhanu Murthy Author-X-Name-First: K.V. Bhanu Author-X-Name-Last: Murthy Author-Name: Amit Kumar Singh Author-X-Name-First: Amit Kumar Author-X-Name-Last: Singh Author-Name: Annu Aggarwal Author-X-Name-First: Annu Author-X-Name-Last: Aggarwal Title: Macro-economic determinants of the relationship between exchange rate and stock returns: a two-stage approach Abstract: This paper has developed and implemented a two-stage least square (2SLS) simultaneous equation model based on Hayashi and Sims (1983). First, we have applied autoregressive distribution lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach for estimating the macro-economic determinants of foreign exchange rate (FER). The presence of long-run stable co-integrating relationship between FER and indirect macro-economic variables is established. The second stage examines the impact of pre-determined exchange rate and other (direct) macro-variables (like IIP, inflation, interest rate parity, oil trade index, and so on) on stock return (SR) in an OLS framework. In line with theory, we find a significant impact of predicted exchange rate, gold prices, risk free returns and international security returns on stock returns on the Index. We conclude that the relationship between FER and SR is a complex simultaneous one and it cannot be captured by a single equation model as has usually been done in extant literature. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 138-164 Issue: 2 Volume: 21 Year: 2025 Keywords: stock returns; exchange rate movements; two-stage least square; interest parity; autoregressive distributed lag; ARDL; bounds testing. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=146151 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:21:y:2025:i:2:p:138-164 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sneha Kumari Author-X-Name-First: Sneha Author-X-Name-Last: Kumari Author-Name: V.G. Venkatesh Author-X-Name-First: V.G. Author-X-Name-Last: Venkatesh Author-Name: Yangyan Shi Author-X-Name-First: Yangyan Author-X-Name-Last: Shi Author-Name: K.K. Tripathy Author-X-Name-First: K.K. Author-X-Name-Last: Tripathy Title: Impact of COVID-19 on agriculture supply chain: potential mitigation and adaptive measures from an Indian perspective Abstract: Pandemics, like COVID-19, are unprecedented with huge potential for long-term disruptions and exodus in supply chain management activities. This study explores the impact of COVID-19 on the agriculture supply chain and maps potential pandemic mitigation measures for effectively managing the agriculture supply chains. The study uses a systematic content analysis of 127 articles. It examines the coping behaviour of the supply chain segment of agriculture. The study has recommended potential measures to manage agriculture supply chains in a pandemic situation. It captures COVID-19 induced factors and events that have caused a gradual breakdown in the global agriculture supply chain specifically that of India. The impact and the potential short-term and long-term mitigation mechanisms are also summarised. The study has examined different factors causing injury to the agriculture supply chain activities and laid down potential mitigation mechanisms. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 165-193 Issue: 2 Volume: 21 Year: 2025 Keywords: agriculture supply chain; pandemic; COVID-19; farm production. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=146152 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:21:y:2025:i:2:p:165-193 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ashwani Bishnoi Author-X-Name-First: Ashwani Author-X-Name-Last: Bishnoi Title: India's weak investment: empirical estimation at corporate and household level Abstract: Investment has remained a predominant source for enhancing the productivity led economic growth in an economy. Indian economy has noted slowdown in investment especially in private sector since 2011, even in the presence of high growth trajectory, eased financing conditions, accommodative monetary policy and eased business regulations. This puts forth ample scope for research enquiry to understand the explaining factors behind this disconnect. Moreover, the investment slowdown mainly led by the household sector has been overlooked by the existing literature. In this background, this paper aims to empirically investigate the key drivers of the weak private investment in India including the household investment. Study employs ARDL bound-testing approach for annual data (1970-2019) as well as quarterly data (2004q1 to 2019q4). The estimation using the later period helps in getting better insight about the ongoing public debate of investment slowdown. Empirical evidence suggests that the gaps of financial resources, monetary policy, fiscal policy, economic uncertainty, debt burden and fluctuating exchange rate are key derivers for the corporate and household investment in India. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 113-137 Issue: 2 Volume: 21 Year: 2025 Keywords: private investment; corporate; ARDL bounds-testing; household investment; India. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=146153 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:21:y:2025:i:2:p:113-137 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Isha Gupta Author-X-Name-First: Isha Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta Author-Name: T.V. Raman Author-X-Name-First: T.V. Author-X-Name-Last: Raman Author-Name: Naliniprava Tripathy Author-X-Name-First: Naliniprava Author-X-Name-Last: Tripathy Title: An empirical study of largest FDI acquisition in the technology sector: evidence from deal of Jio and Facebook Abstract: This paper tries to analyse the impact of the acquisition announcement of Jio by Facebook on the volatility of stock returns of Jio Platform Ltd. The study has been divided into three periods, pre-period, post-period, and whole period. The paper used the GARCH (1, 1) model to conclusively analyse the change in volatility after the acquisition of the company and the asymmetric EGARCH model to capture the leverage effect. The study results infer that the coefficient of the ARCH and GARCH model (α + β) becomes 1(0.11 + 0.89) in the post period which implies that volatility is persistent during the period. The leverage effect is evident in the study as the variance coefficient is negative in all periods and statistically significant which implies that every price change responds asymmetrically to the positive and negative news in the market. Thus, it can be concluded that the announcement has a significant favourable influence. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 204-221 Issue: 2 Volume: 21 Year: 2025 Keywords: mergers and acquisitions; M%A; conglomerate M%A; Facebook-Jio; event study; GARCH (1, 1) model; EGARCH (1, 1) model. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=146154 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:21:y:2025:i:2:p:204-221 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ahmed G. Buchaev Author-X-Name-First: Ahmed G. Author-X-Name-Last: Buchaev Author-Name: Zoya Sh. Babaeva Author-X-Name-First: Zoya Sh. Author-X-Name-Last: Babaeva Author-Name: Ekaterina P. Zhigulina Author-X-Name-First: Ekaterina P. Author-X-Name-Last: Zhigulina Author-Name: Tamara B. Zhuravleva Author-X-Name-First: Tamara B. Author-X-Name-Last: Zhuravleva Title: Economic policy in the agro-industrial complex and agriculture of Russia in the age of intellectual machines: challenges and perspectives Abstract: This paper aims at determining challenges, substantiating perspectives, and developing recommendations for improving the economic policy in Russia's agro-industrial complex and agriculture in the age of intellectual machines. The research results show that challenges for the economic policy in Russia's agro-industrial complex and agriculture in the age of intellectual machines are connected to mismatch between the priority of the components of the digital economy and the proportions of their development in 2019. The perspectives of improving the economic policy in Russia's agro-industrial complex and agriculture in the age of intellectual machines are connected to overcoming the determined disproportion and stimulating the development of the digital economy's components according to their priority. Originality of this research consists in empirical study of the perspectives of development of agro-industrial complex and agriculture based on intellectual machines and development of the practice-oriented recommendations for economic policy in the sphere of food security. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 194-203 Issue: 2 Volume: 21 Year: 2025 Keywords: economic policy; agro-industrial complex; agriculture; age of intellectual machines; food security; digitalisation; Russia. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=146155 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:21:y:2025:i:2:p:194-203 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Manuel F. Suárez-Barraza Author-X-Name-First: Manuel F. Author-X-Name-Last: Suárez-Barraza Author-Name: Manuel Francisco Morales-Contreras Author-X-Name-First: Manuel Francisco Author-X-Name-Last: Morales-Contreras Title: The kaizen philosophy, a management approach for continuous improvement in times of COVID-19. A case study Abstract: Studying the application of the kaizen philosophy in the midst of the global COVID-19 pandemic represents a great opportunity to observe the changes that are happening in people's daily work. In particular, in the health sector it has represented a challenge of extraordinary dimensions. Certain public hospitals in Mexico have taken into consideration this Japanese philosophy as a way of dealing with the new way of working to organise and improve it. An exploratory case study was conducted. The processes of healthcare for suspected and contaminated COVID-19 patients improved in terms of employee safety, elimination of MUDA and quality of service. Four kaizen techniques were applied before and after COVID-19 in the public hospital such as: kaizen teams, standardisation, genba walk management and <i>senpai-kohai</i> relationship. As a result of this research some drivers emerge during the case study analysis. Participative leadership from middle management, management by walking around, learning by doing among other drivers, they have helped the public hospital to solve its daily problems in addition to coping with the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of operational efficiency and safety of health employees. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 265-286 Issue: 3 Volume: 21 Year: 2025 Keywords: kaizen philosophy; healthcare; kaizen teams; standardisation; problem solving; Mexico; senpai-kohai relationship; case study; kaizen applied during COVID-19. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=146570 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:21:y:2025:i:3:p:265-286 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Le Van Author-X-Name-First: Le Author-X-Name-Last: Van Author-Name: Nguyen Khac Quoc Bao Author-X-Name-First: Nguyen Khac Quoc Author-X-Name-Last: Bao Title: The impact of COVID-19 crisis on return and volatility spillovers between the Vietnam stock market and world gold price Abstract: In this paper, we examine the relations between Vietnam stock and world gold spot price in terms of return and volatility spillovers using the bivariate BEKK-GARCH framework models with student's <i>t</i>-distributed errors for daily return series from 1 January 2010 to 15 May 2020. We find that the world gold price positively affects the VN index return from 2010 to 2019 while affects negatively during the period of novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) pandemic from 1 January 2020 to 15 May 2020.The COVID-19 impact assessment on the VN index-world gold portfolio reveals that the gold weight gradually increases, and the optimal hedge ratio dramatically decreases to a negative value under implications of the pandemic. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 223-243 Issue: 3 Volume: 21 Year: 2025 Keywords: stock return; world gold price; COVID-19; Vietnam. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=146571 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:21:y:2025:i:3:p:223-243 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Imran Hussain Author-X-Name-First: Imran Author-X-Name-Last: Hussain Author-Name: Sudipa Majumdar Author-X-Name-First: Sudipa Author-X-Name-Last: Majumdar Title: Extending Fama-French factors with interest rate changes: an empirical study of USA versus emerging markets Abstract: This paper evaluates the effects of interest rate change on bank stock returns in the USA versus emerging markets by analysing the sensitivity of equally-weighted bank stock portfolios in the context of asset pricing models. The research makes a meaningful contribution to the existing literature on asset pricing models by incorporating interest rate change (Stone, 1974) into the Fama and French (2015) five-factor empirical model. Our dataset of monthly bank stock returns from January 2010 to June 2020 revealed that while the Fama-French (2015) asset pricing model offered a valid result of equity returns in the USA, size and investment factors had little impact on stock returns for banks in emerging markets. The volatility of interest rate had significant effect for USA and India. So, inclusion of interest rate change along with the Fama-French factors in the pricing of bank stocks added an important dimension and had important implications for policy makers and investors. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 301-315 Issue: 3 Volume: 21 Year: 2025 Keywords: five-factor model; capital asset pricing model; CAPM; interest rate risk; bank stocks; emerging markets. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=146572 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:21:y:2025:i:3:p:301-315 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marcus Marktanner Author-X-Name-First: Marcus Author-X-Name-Last: Marktanner Author-Name: Almuth Merkel Author-X-Name-First: Almuth Author-X-Name-Last: Merkel Title: From conflict to empty stomachs, empty classrooms, and empty wallets Abstract: This paper examines the direct and indirect effects of conflict on food insecurity, education, and income. We examine a panel dataset with 169 countries over the period from 1990 to 2017. To estimate the long-run equilibrium and short-run effects, we employ pooled OLS regression and error correction models, respectively. We find that the lagged indirect effects of conflict on income through an increase of food insecurity and reduced educational opportunities outweigh the direct effects by a factor of around 1.5. Our findings add to the literature on the long-term indirect effects of conflict. In order to illustrate the socioeconomic significance of our model, we discuss its simulation potential in the context of Jordan. As for policy implications, we argue that, whenever possible, humanitarian assistance programming should not end with saving lives by fighting conflict-induced malnutrition, but also include efforts for continued access to education. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 244-264 Issue: 3 Volume: 21 Year: 2025 Keywords: conflict; education; food insecurity; empirical estimates; simulation model. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=146573 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:21:y:2025:i:3:p:244-264 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Elena A. Bratukhina Author-X-Name-First: Elena A. Author-X-Name-Last: Bratukhina Author-Name: Irina P. Lapteva Author-X-Name-First: Irina P. Author-X-Name-Last: Lapteva Author-Name: Igor V. Denisov Author-X-Name-First: Igor V. Author-X-Name-Last: Denisov Author-Name: Yerlan B. Zhailauov Author-X-Name-First: Yerlan B. Author-X-Name-Last: Zhailauov Author-Name: Stanislav Bencic Author-X-Name-First: Stanislav Author-X-Name-Last: Bencic Title: Globalisation as a factor of training of digital personnel and intelligent machines in emerging economies: international cooperation vs. global competition Abstract: The goal of this paper is a systemic study of globalisation as a factor in the training of digital personnel and intelligent machines in emerging economies and substantiation of the perspectives and development of recommendations for optimising the influence of globalisation on these processes in view of the alternatives in the form of international cooperation and global competition. Uniqueness of this paper consists in compilation and use of the authors' classification of emerging economies by the criterion of their globalisation with differentiation of emerging economies that are closed for globalisation and emerging economies that are open for globalisation; novelty is due to refusal from usual differentiation of stimulation and restraint of globalisation. In the countries that are closed to globalisation, global competition, deregulation, and an increase in the level of globalisation to 98.50 points (38.44%) are recommended. In the countries open to globalisation, it is recommended to strengthen regulation, develop international cooperation and reduce the level of globalisation to 39.14 points (by 43.84%). Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 287-300 Issue: 3 Volume: 21 Year: 2025 Keywords: economic policy; training of digital personnel; training of intelligent machines; international cooperation; global competition; globalisation; emerging economies. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=146583 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:21:y:2025:i:3:p:287-300 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sonu Madan Author-X-Name-First: Sonu Author-X-Name-Last: Madan Author-Name: Surender Mor Author-X-Name-First: Surender Author-X-Name-Last: Mor Title: Do occupation, work status and gender cause variations in wages? Case of Indian labour market Abstract: This paper attempts to examine variations in wage earnings of workforce contributing to Indian labour market as own-account workers and regular wage/salaried employees, employing GLM: ANCOVA, a combination of ANOVA and regression. Three-factor full factorial design has been used to explore earnings from work for different factors, i.e., occupation, work status and gender along with educational attainment of workers as a covariate. The findings report significant variations in the earnings from work in various occupations, i.e., highest for managers and lowest for elementary workers. In contrast, the work status exhibits less monetary rewards for own account workers than that of regular wage/salaried employees. The verdict further establishes the fact that male workers tend to earn more than their female counterparts. However, two-way and three-way interaction of occupation, work status and gender indicate that the monetary outcomes change significantly in response to consideration of the interaction of factor(s) of relevance. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 317-334 Issue: 4 Volume: 21 Year: 2025 Keywords: ANCOVA; earning; gender; occupation; own-account workers; salaried employees; work force; work status. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=146765 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:21:y:2025:i:4:p:317-334 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Usman Arief Author-X-Name-First: Usman Author-X-Name-Last: Arief Author-Name: Marwan Asri Author-X-Name-First: Marwan Author-X-Name-Last: Asri Author-Name: Mamduh M. Hanafi Author-X-Name-First: Mamduh M. Author-X-Name-Last: Hanafi Title: Dynamic financial connectedness in emerging and developed countries during the COVID-19 outbreak Abstract: This study examines the dynamic financial connectedness in emerging and developed countries during the COVID-19 pandemic using the Diebold-Yilmaz (2014) connectedness index. The capital markets' reaction during this pandemic provides a new insight into how exogenous shocks drive volatility across countries and increase their interconnectedness. We find that connectivity between capital markets in developed and emerging countries converged in the earlier 2020. Before the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 pandemic, the Shanghai Stock Exchange played a crucial role as an epicenter of the connectedness of shocks. In the period after WHO's declaration, two new epicenters emerged: the capital markets in Brazil and Hong Kong. Finally, the empirical results show that countries with high idiosyncratic risk (with high average log volatility before the pandemic) show amplified risks during the pandemic. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 335-364 Issue: 4 Volume: 21 Year: 2025 Keywords: connectedness; dynamic; COVID-19; financial market; contagion; developed countries; emerging countries. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=146766 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:21:y:2025:i:4:p:335-364 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Subhendu Dutta Author-X-Name-First: Subhendu Author-X-Name-Last: Dutta Author-Name: Aruna Kumar Dash Author-X-Name-First: Aruna Kumar Author-X-Name-Last: Dash Title: International tourism demand in India: an empirical insight Abstract: The purpose of this research is to analyse the tourism demand in India from 14 major source countries between 1995–2017. We use the variables such as word-of-mouth, relative price, globalisation, GDP per capita, nominal exchange rate, destination preference, and the terrorist attack and employ panel data analysis. The empirical results of this study revealed that tourism demand is affected by word-of-mouth, GDP per capita, access to globalisation, and relative price. The study will help policy makers to identify the driving forces behind the growth of the tourism sector. The study suggests that there is a need for keeping the domestic price at a competitive level and augment globalisation efforts. Further, our findings support the need for, and the effectiveness of, positive word-of-mouth in promoting tourist arrivals through proper implementation of 'Athithi Devo Bhavah' campaign which says that 'the guest is equivalent to God'. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 383-401 Issue: 4 Volume: 21 Year: 2025 Keywords: tourism demand; destination preference index; globalisation; word-of-mouth; WOM; panel data analysis; India. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=146767 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:21:y:2025:i:4:p:383-401 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Naina Grover Author-X-Name-First: Naina Author-X-Name-Last: Grover Author-Name: Pankaj Sinha Author-X-Name-First: Pankaj Author-X-Name-Last: Sinha Title: Non-performing assets, moral hazard and liquidity creation: evidence from Indian banks Abstract: This study looks into the incidence of the moral hazard hypothesis in the Indian banks using the liquidity creation concept. Liquidity creation measure is considered to be more inclusive and comprehensive in measuring the risk-taking of a bank. The study uses data from 2005 to 2019 extracted from the database of the Reserve Bank of India. A fixed-effect model with Driscoll and Kraay standard errors and system GMM is deployed to ascertain the association between liquidity creation and NPAs. This study determines a significantly positive relationship between NPAs and liquidity creation in public sector banks, but this relationship is not evident in private banks. This study testifies the moral hazard hypothesis in public sector bank. This study highlights the perils associated with the recent mergers in public sector banks and how 'too big to fail' might incentivise public banks to undertake more risks since there are already traces of the problem of moral hazard. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 402-418 Issue: 4 Volume: 21 Year: 2025 Keywords: India; liquidity creation; moral hazard; non-performing assets; NPA; off-balance sheet activities; scheduled commercial banks. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=146768 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:21:y:2025:i:4:p:402-418 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wartono Wartono Author-X-Name-First: Wartono Author-X-Name-Last: Wartono Author-Name: Guntur Riyanto Author-X-Name-First: Guntur Author-X-Name-Last: Riyanto Author-Name: Djoko Suhardjanto Author-X-Name-First: Djoko Author-X-Name-Last: Suhardjanto Title: The determinants of financial performance at public services of regional hospital Abstract: This study aims to test the factors that influence the financial performance of regional public hospital (Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah – RSUD) with public service agency (Badan Layanan Umum – BLU) status in Indonesia by putting an emphasise on four aspects, which are the income structure of BLU, cost efficiency, liquidity, and regional characteristics. The analysis is conducted on the data from 43 RSUD from 2013 to 2019 with a total observation of 215. Financial performance is measured using four indicators, namely asset turnover, fixed asset turnover, service revenue ratio divided by total assets and surplus (deficit) ratio divided by total income. The finding of this study shows that liquidity has a positive and significant effect on financial performance. Additionally, RSUD income structure that relies on service income has not been able to drive significant improvement in financial performance. This study also shows that there is no difference in financial performance between RSUD in Java and another region. The study finds that RSUD owned by district government has better financial performance compared to RSUD owned by the municipal government. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 365-382 Issue: 4 Volume: 21 Year: 2025 Keywords: financial performance; public service agency; regional public hospital; income structure; cost efficiency; liquidity; regional characteristics. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=146769 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:21:y:2025:i:4:p:365-382 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wei He Author-X-Name-First: Wei Author-X-Name-Last: He Author-Name: Tantatape Brahmasrene Author-X-Name-First: Tantatape Author-X-Name-Last: Brahmasrene Title: Effects of resource mix and internationalisation on alliance portfolio configuration Abstract: Studies focusing on the strategic outcomes of alliance portfolios are receiving attention recently. However, only a handful research addresses the areas of determinants of the portfolio mix or its characteristics. This study attempts to fill this gap by investigating the key drivers of alliance portfolio configuration. Drawing on multiple theoretical lenses and a two-dimensional typology of portfolio composition, a longitudinal study is developed and applied to a sample of multinational firms in the global hospitality sector. The results suggest that alliance management experience, brand image, and organisational slack play significant roles in predicting the type of alliance portfolio configuration. Moreover, focal firms' degree of internationalisation moderates the predicting effects. Using firm-specific factors, this study bridges the gap between firms' internal resource mix and alliance portfolio complexity, and sheds new light on how alliance portfolio configuration is defined, measured, and predicted. Implications for policymakers are also discussed. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 1-24 Issue: 1 Volume: 22 Year: 2025 Keywords: strategic alliance; alliance portfolio complexity; alliance portfolio configuration; resource-based view; resource dependence. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=147475 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:22:y:2025:i:1:p:1-24 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roukia Bouhider Author-X-Name-First: Roukia Author-X-Name-Last: Bouhider Title: The relationship between Islamic banking deposits and profitability: an evidence from Malaysia Islamic banks Abstract: The main objective of this paper is to analyse the relationship between the deposits and the profitability of 14 Malaysian Islamic banks over the 2006-2018 period by employing fixed effects panel data. The main independent variable is the deposits to assets ratio, and the return on assets (ROAs) is the main profitability measure. The findings of this study have reported a strong positive relationship between the bank deposits to assets ratio and profitability. The study recommended that Islamic banks in Malaysia embark on a serious effort to develop their own instruments to mobilise deposits and to use them in order to foster economic and social development, which would increase their future profitability and reduce their costs. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 52-73 Issue: 1 Volume: 22 Year: 2025 Keywords: Islamic banks; current deposits; saving deposits; Al-Wadiah; deposits; Al-Mudarabah; profit-sharing investment accounts; PSIA; panel data; profitability; Malaysia. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=147476 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:22:y:2025:i:1:p:52-73 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nitya Nand Tripathi Author-X-Name-First: Nitya Nand Author-X-Name-Last: Tripathi Author-Name: Asha Binu Raj Author-X-Name-First: Asha Binu Author-X-Name-Last: Raj Author-Name: Sudhakara Reddy Syamala Author-X-Name-First: Sudhakara Reddy Author-X-Name-Last: Syamala Author-Name: Aviral Kumar Tiwari Author-X-Name-First: Aviral Kumar Author-X-Name-Last: Tiwari Title: Does corporate governance play a dynamic role in mitigating opportunistic transactions? Evidence from India Abstract: This paper investigates the effect of corporate governance mechanism on various types of related party transactions (RPTs) in India. We examine whether the corporate governance mechanism helps to restrict the management's opportunistic behaviour of transferring resources from the company through RPTs or not. We find that the percentage of related party sales to total assets is between 6.4%-37.98% and the percentage of related party expenses to total assets is in the range of 4.4%-25.30% during the study period. Whereas, the percentage of loans given to related parties to total assets is between 5.0% to 26.0% and loans taken from related parties to total assets is 3.9% to 22.70%. The empirical findings show a negative relation between independent directors and RPTs. The findings can strategically facilitate the regulators to make necessary decisions which could strengthen the corporate governance mechanism to mitigate opportunistic transactions in terms of RPTs. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 25-51 Issue: 1 Volume: 22 Year: 2025 Keywords: corporate governance; related party transactions; audit committee; opportunistic transactions; corporate governance index; CGI; India. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=147477 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:22:y:2025:i:1:p:25-51 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Manoj Kumar Mishra Author-X-Name-First: Manoj Kumar Author-X-Name-Last: Mishra Author-Name: Sunil Kumar Author-X-Name-First: Sunil Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar Title: Mediating role of green innovation on green entrepreneurship and sustainable development: an empirical evidence from Indian companies Abstract: The current research has investigated the relationship between green entrepreneurship (GE) and sustainable development (SD) among Indian companies. The study also has captured the mediating effect of green innovation between GE and SD. A survey is conducted among 451 managerial level employees in Indian companies. The research then uses SPSS (version 22) and AMOS for the analysis of data. For testing the hypotheses of mediation were checked using PROCESS Macro tests in SPSS. The results indicated that green entrepreneurship has significant impact on green innovation and sustainable development. However, the partial mediating effect of green innovation has been found between green entrepreneurship and sustainable development. Practices of GE are the need of hour. If it is promoted and practiced by the companies, they will be the biggest beneficiaries of it. If their process includes green entrepreneurial practices, they will be able to achieve their long-term goals effectively. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 74-90 Issue: 1 Volume: 22 Year: 2025 Keywords: green entrepreneurship; green innovation; sustainable development; mediation; India. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=147478 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:22:y:2025:i:1:p:74-90 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Weiguo Kang Author-X-Name-First: Weiguo Author-X-Name-Last: Kang Author-Name: Haoran Ji Author-X-Name-First: Haoran Author-X-Name-Last: Ji Author-Name: Yuan Li Author-X-Name-First: Yuan Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Hanwen Xu Author-X-Name-First: Hanwen Author-X-Name-Last: Xu Title: Impact of systematic transaction cost on enterprise competitive strategy and performance - research on Sany Heavy Industry's change of registered place Abstract: The market mechanism and formal system in China's economic system are not perfect, and the government has absolute authority in the allocation of resources and has the right to intervene in the operation of enterprises. Systematic transaction costs are different among regions, even among different enterprises in the same region. Taking the change of Sany Heavy Industry's registered place as an example, from the perspective of systematic transaction cost, we use difference in difference and financial index analysis to study the reasons why Sany Heavy Industry 'leaves home'. We find the explicit institutional transaction cost of Sany Heavy Industry rises significantly before the change of registered place, and the growth rate of explicit systematic transaction cost of Sany Heavy Industry slows down after the change. However, the implicit systematic transaction cost changes inversely, which affects the performance of enterprises. The research provides implications for the healthy development of the relationship between the government and private enterprises. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 91-112 Issue: 1 Volume: 22 Year: 2025 Keywords: systematic transaction cost; competitive strategy; relocation of headquarters; property right theory; enterprise performance. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=147479 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:22:y:2025:i:1:p:91-112 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nikita Patial Author-X-Name-First: Nikita Author-X-Name-Last: Patial Title: Country specific and world productivity shocks and current account: does the relationship hold in case of India and the G20 group? Abstract: Intertemporal approach to current account became a fashionable tool in last few decades to study the lending and borrowing decisions of an economy in the international markets. Following, Glick and Rogoff (1995) theoretical model, this study empirically examines the link between India's current account and its country specific productivity shocks using dynamic factor analysis approach to segregate world and country specific shocks. Our results suggest that India's current account movements are independent of its country specific productivity shocks as opposed to the theory. The mean reverting nature of country specific shocks leads to consumption smoothing by agents, increasing savings in the economy, which offsets any impact of rise in investment. We also extend our analysis to a panel of G20 countries. This study reiterates the potential of intertemporal models to replace the enhanced versions of Mundell Fleming IS-LM framework in analysing key macroeconomic issues by banks, and other international institutions. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 113-139 Issue: 2 Volume: 22 Year: 2025 Keywords: current account; productivity shocks; country specific productivity; global shock; G20 countries; investment; dynamic factor analysis; DFA. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=148191 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:22:y:2025:i:2:p:113-139 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sazzad Parwez Author-X-Name-First: Sazzad Author-X-Name-Last: Parwez Author-Name: Kapil Meena Author-X-Name-First: Kapil Author-X-Name-Last: Meena Title: One country, two system: analysing contractual work arrangement and labour practices Abstract: This paper uses both theoretical and empirical methods to examine working conditions of contractual workers with illustrations on discriminative labour practices in mining units. The analysis mainly follows a descriptive approach and based on field data, but we have also used secondary data to support arguments. The primary data reflects on wage and other form of discrimination captured in interview with contractual workers of copper mining units in Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan state. The most telling finding is significant use of contractual workers in these public units, indicates that the socio-economic background is detrimental to discriminatory behaviour in these mining units. Analysis suggests discrimination is higher for lower caste-based groups in context of education, experience, and skills levels. This informalisation of labour is causing considerable deterioration in working conditions, reflected by wage differential for and among contractual workers. This aggravates the situation for labour community. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 153-173 Issue: 2 Volume: 22 Year: 2025 Keywords: workers; labour; contractualisation; discrimination; wage; India. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=148192 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:22:y:2025:i:2:p:153-173 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kok Onn Ting Author-X-Name-First: Kok Onn Author-X-Name-Last: Ting Author-Name: Alessandro De Matteis Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro De Author-X-Name-Last: Matteis Title: Are Chinese exports crowding out competitors? Evidence from Malaysian electrical and electronic exports Abstract: The rapid expansion of China's production of electricals and electronics is benefiting Malaysia, which is exporting more intermediate parts and components to China to feed into its production networks, especially for finished goods assembly. However, Malaysia concurrently faces competition from China in exports to third markets and import penetration of own domestic markets. The positive side of China's rise is characterised in terms of complementary effects, and the negative side as competitive impacts. As China's effect on Malaysia's electricals and electronics is not clear-cut, there is a need for combined analysis conducted at different levels. This paper combines the analysis of Chinese and Malaysian export performance in their major destination markets with the analysis of ongoing transformative processes in the production and trade of electricals and electronics in the two economies. Our findings highlight that China's effect on Malaysian electrical and electronic exports differs according to the market destination of the exports, with some trade war effects between the USA and China captured in the analysis. Overall, Malaysia's response to China's rising exports has been to upgrade its value chain. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 174-201 Issue: 2 Volume: 22 Year: 2025 Keywords: China's effect; Malaysia trade; electricals and electronics; export sophistication. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=148193 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:22:y:2025:i:2:p:174-201 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Niango Sika Antoine Brice Adou Author-X-Name-First: Niango Sika Antoine Brice Author-X-Name-Last: Adou Title: Beyond unemployment rate: exploring the unemployment duration in Cote d'Ivoire Abstract: This study explores unemployment duration in Cote d'Ivoire and focuses on the role of personal characteristics. Along with these characteristics, labour market variables are also explored. We use a discrete time proportional hazard model with census data from the National Statistics Institute. The data show that unemployment duration is higher in general but is quite sensitive to the sector of activity. The gender gap in the labour market is not huge. The results show that education influences positively the probability to find a job faster, while social capital has a mixed impact. Being married and unemployed is a positive signal for employer. Therefore, this study poses that hiring through agencies, which are more likely to match better job needs, can help reducing time spend in unemployment. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 140-152 Issue: 2 Volume: 22 Year: 2025 Keywords: unemployment; survival; education; Cote d'Ivoire; social capital. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=148194 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:22:y:2025:i:2:p:140-152 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shuaibu Sidi Safiyanu Author-X-Name-First: Shuaibu Sidi Author-X-Name-Last: Safiyanu Author-Name: Soo Yean Chua Author-X-Name-First: Soo Yean Author-X-Name-Last: Chua Title: Exchange rate volatility and trade in Sub-Saharan African countries: evidence from augmented mean group estimator Abstract: Exchange rate plays a major role in trade transaction of Sub-Saharan African countries with their trading partners. This study examines the effects of exchange rate volatility on trade in 40 Sub-Saharan African countries from 1992-2018. The paper used augmented mean group as a preferred estimator to take account of cross-sectional dependency between the countries under investigation. The dynamic common correlated effect is also used for robustness of the findings. Empirical finding shows that lags of exports and imports have significant positive effects on the contemporaneous levels of exports and imports in Sub-Saharan African countries. Moreover, the coefficients of elasticity of imports and exports with respect to exchange rate volatility are positive. Thus, higher volatility stimulates both imports and exports trade in the region. The results also uncover unidirectional causality running from trading partners' income to exports and imports trade, and also from exchange rate volatility to imports and exports trade. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 202-218 Issue: 2 Volume: 22 Year: 2025 Keywords: exchange rate volatility; trade; panel data; augmented mean group; AMG; Sub-Saharan African countries. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=148195 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:22:y:2025:i:2:p:202-218 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Han Hwa Goh Author-X-Name-First: Han Hwa Author-X-Name-Last: Goh Author-Name: Lee Lee Chong Author-X-Name-First: Lee Lee Author-X-Name-Last: Chong Author-Name: Ming Ming Lai Author-X-Name-First: Ming Ming Author-X-Name-Last: Lai Title: Nonlinear ARDL approach for asymmetric effects of investor sentiment on asset pricing in an emerging Asian economy: the Malaysian experience Abstract: This paper addresses the issues pertaining to asset pricing model in Malaysian stock market, an emerging Asian economy, using monthly data between January 2001 and December 2015 for all the stocks on the main market of Bursa Malaysia and five different investor sentiment proxies (i.e., market-wide indicators). Employing NARDL nonlinear cointegration approach, we examine the causal relationship between stock excess returns and investor sentiment in the integrated Fama-French three-factor model. The empirical results suggest that the investor sentiment is an added risk factor to help explain directly the mispricing component of returns in the Fama-French three-factor model and thus bridging the current research gap between traditional and behavioural asset-pricing theories in Malaysia. Besides, this paper reveals that the stock returns are affected by sentiment in an asymmetric and nonlinear manner in either short- or long-run. In particular, we found that the immensity of positive changes of sentiment is significantly greater than that of negative changes of sentiment towards stock returns. These findings may help finance professionals to perform smart investing strategies using investor sentiment as a contrarian indicator. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 219-250 Issue: 3/4 Volume: 22 Year: 2025 Keywords: investor sentiment; asset pricing; asymmetric cointegration; emerging economy; Bursa Malaysia. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=148860 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:22:y:2025:i:3/4:p:219-250 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hoda Mansour Author-X-Name-First: Hoda Author-X-Name-Last: Mansour Author-Name: Soliman Hassan Author-X-Name-First: Soliman Author-X-Name-Last: Hassan Title: Long and short run drivers of the real exchange rate in Egypt (2002-2020) Abstract: Egypt is an emerging developing country which has a long history of utilising different exchange rate regimes. Since the liberalisation of its Egyptian pound in 2016, the country has been facing a set of challenges to stabilise its exchange rate. To suggest better policies, this paper examines the long and short run determinants of Egypt's real exchange rate. Using Johansen and Juselius co-integration test, VAR, and an error correction model, the study analyses data from 2002 to 2020 for Egypt. The study concludes that, in the long run, growth rate, international reserves, government consumption, terms of trade and workers' remittances all have a long-run impact on the real exchange rate, while the degree of openness has no significant impact. In addition, the study provides evidence that, on the short-run, the degree of openness and government consumption have significant impact on the real exchange rate. Results of this study infer a preference for a fixed or strictly managed exchange rate regime over a flexible regime. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 271-290 Issue: 3/4 Volume: 22 Year: 2025 Keywords: real exchange rate; Johansen and Juselius co-integration test; vector autoregressive model; VAR model; Egyptian pound. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=148861 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:22:y:2025:i:3/4:p:271-290 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Abhijit Chakraborty Author-X-Name-First: Abhijit Author-X-Name-Last: Chakraborty Author-Name: Avijit Debnath Author-X-Name-First: Avijit Author-X-Name-Last: Debnath Author-Name: Ashim Kumar Das Author-X-Name-First: Ashim Kumar Author-X-Name-Last: Das Title: Investigating the growth factors of life insurance sector - an ARDL approach Abstract: Insurance sector is considered a significant contributor to the economic growth of economies across the world. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting growth potentials of life insurance sector in India. ARDL technique is used to investigate short-run and long-run relationships between life insurance sector growth represented by life insurance penetration and 13 independent variables under macro-economic, demographic and socio-cultural category using time series data from 1980-2018. The ARDL bounds testing procedure was used to check for co-integration. The study found that gross domestic product per capita, interest rate (deposit), young dependency ratio, gross capital formation, and education are significantly influencing life insurance sector growth in the long run. The short-run error correction model revealed speed of adjustment at 0.80 at 1% level of significance. The findings may help favourable policy formulation to support the life insurance sector growth in India. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 251-270 Issue: 3/4 Volume: 22 Year: 2025 Keywords: life insurance sector; determinants; co-integration; ARDL; bounds test; economic growth; India; GDP per capita; macro-economic; demographic; socio-cultural. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=148862 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:22:y:2025:i:3/4:p:251-270 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sahibzada Kashif Ahmad Author-X-Name-First: Sahibzada Kashif Author-X-Name-Last: Ahmad Author-Name: Atta Ur Rahman Author-X-Name-First: Atta Ur Author-X-Name-Last: Rahman Author-Name: Fahad Abdullah Author-X-Name-First: Fahad Author-X-Name-Last: Abdullah Author-Name: Shabir Ahmad Author-X-Name-First: Shabir Author-X-Name-Last: Ahmad Author-Name: Laila Taskeen Qazi Author-X-Name-First: Laila Taskeen Author-X-Name-Last: Qazi Title: The effect of audit committee characteristics on the firm's performance: an empirical study of Pakistan Stock Exchange Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of audit committee characteristics on firms' performance. We used gender diversity, size of the committee, frequency of audit meetings, financial expertise, and independence as audit committee characteristics and return on assets and return on equity as performance measures. A panel of 94 firms was investigated from 2015 to 2019 using a weighted least square regression. The overall results show that the size of the audit committee negatively affects the firms' performance. While the frequency of meetings, expertise, and gender diversity positively impact the firms' performance. Indicating the significance of frequent communication, experience, and presence of women in audit committees, respectively. Our study highlights insight for policymakers and regulators considering ongoing corporate governance and regulatory reforms in Pakistan. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 291-314 Issue: 3/4 Volume: 22 Year: 2025 Keywords: corporate governance; audit committee characteristics; performance; Pakistan. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=148863 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:22:y:2025:i:3/4:p:291-314 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Moumita Poddar Rana Author-X-Name-First: Moumita Poddar Author-X-Name-Last: Rana Author-Name: Tanmoyee Banerjee Author-X-Name-First: Tanmoyee Author-X-Name-Last: Banerjee Author-Name: Ajitava Raychaudhuri Author-X-Name-First: Ajitava Author-X-Name-Last: Raychaudhuri Title: Diversion of loan use: evidence from rural West Bengal, India Abstract: Present paper explores spending behaviour of loan proceeds and identifies the effect of different socio-economic and political factors on the probability of loan diversion using a primary household survey data drawn from four villages of state of West Bengal, India. Loan diversion refers to the incidence where institutional borrowers use total or part of their loan for purposes that was not specified during the borrowing. Survey reveals that institutional loans taken for working capital needs are mostly diverted either partly or fully and mainly for household expenditure. This study considers Heckman sample selection model, considering the sample selection bias. Results show that religion, age, support of political party and financial literacy of principal earner significantly increases probability of loan diversion. The study also investigates the joint probability of indebtedness and loan diversion; multiple borrowing and loan diversion; indebtedness and institutional borrowing and socio-economic determinants by using bivariate probit model. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 315-333 Issue: 3/4 Volume: 22 Year: 2025 Keywords: loan diversion; financial literacy; multiple borrowing; indebtedness; institutional borrowing; sample selection bias; Heckman probit model; bivariate probit model; West Bengal; India. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=148864 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:22:y:2025:i:3/4:p:315-333 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rexford Abaidoo Author-X-Name-First: Rexford Author-X-Name-Last: Abaidoo Author-Name: Elvis Kwame Agyapong Author-X-Name-First: Elvis Kwame Author-X-Name-Last: Agyapong Title: Financial stability and macroeconomic risk: an outlook from emerging economies Abstract: Financial stability or stability in the banking industry constitutes one of the core enabling conditions critical for economic growth and development among economies globally. This paper examines the impact of macroeconomic risk (instability in key macroeconomic variables) on stability in the banking industry using data from 32 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) from 2001 to 2018. The study uses principal component analysis (PCA) constructed macroeconomic risk index and proxies financial stability by two indicators - bank liquid reserves to bank assets ratio and bank Z score respectively. Empirical estimates examining the relationships in the study uses the two-step system generalised method of moments (GMM) model. The results suggest that macroeconomic risk (instability in the macroeconomic environment) contributes significantly to instability in the banking industry among economies in Sub-Sahara Africa; this conclusion is similar for the two measures of financial stability employed in the study. The results further suggest that trade liberalisation has significant moderating impact on the financial stability (bank liquid reserves to asset ratio) - macroeconomic risk nexus. The empirical estimates additionally show that macroeconomic risk may negate any positive impact financial sector improvement may have on financial stability among economies in the sub-region. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 334-354 Issue: 3/4 Volume: 22 Year: 2025 Keywords: financial stability; macroeconomic risk; principal component analysis; PCA; generalised method of moment; GMM. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=148865 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:22:y:2025:i:3/4:p:334-354 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Obed I. Ojonta Author-X-Name-First: Obed I. Author-X-Name-Last: Ojonta Author-Name: Jonathan E. Ogbuabor Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan E. Author-X-Name-Last: Ogbuabor Title: COVID-19 pandemic and work behaviour of non-farm household enterprises: evidence from Nigerian data Abstract: This study investigated the influence of COVID-19 pandemic on the work behaviour of non-farm household enterprises (NHEs) in Nigeria using multinomial logistic regression technique and Nigeria's 2020 Living Standard Measurement Survey data. Specifically, the study addressed two main questions: how has COVID-19 pandemic impacted on the work behaviour of NHEs in Nigeria? What other factors significantly influence the work behaviour of these enterprises? The results show that the influence of COVID-19 pandemic on the work behaviour of NHEs in Nigeria is negative and significant. The results further indicate that other key drivers of the work behaviour of NHEs in Nigeria include sufficient soap to wash hands, skipping a meal, thought of eating less, and running out of food. Consequently, the study recommended that government should ensure that NHEs are adequately funded during and after the pandemic in order to strengthen their operations on a sustainable basis. Journal: Int. J. of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies Pages: 355-371 Issue: 3/4 Volume: 22 Year: 2025 Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic; work behaviour; non-farm household enterprises; multinomial logit model; Nigeria. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=148872 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:22:y:2025:i:3/4:p:355-371