Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: George Drogalas Author-X-Name-First: George Author-X-Name-Last: Drogalas Author-Name: Michail Pazarskis Author-X-Name-First: Michail Author-X-Name-Last: Pazarskis Author-Name: Dimitris Mitskinis Author-X-Name-First: Dimitris Author-X-Name-Last: Mitskinis Author-Name: Athanasios Koulikas Author-X-Name-First: Athanasios Author-X-Name-Last: Koulikas Title: The contribution of internal audit to fraud audit: evidence from Greece Abstract: This paper aims to examine the extent to which the establishment of internal auditing and the work of internal auditors contribute to fraud detection. For the purpose of this study, a questionnaire was sent to Greek companies and the sample of 114 was compiled from these. Statistical analysis was performed using the linear structural equation modelling (SEM) method. The results show that fraud audit is significantly influenced by the internal audit contribution, the audit committee's contribution, the internal auditor's contribution as well as their obligations. The originality of this study lies both in the fact that not enough research has been conducted that delves deeper into this subject and the method that was used for the data analysis. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Accounting Pages: 50-67 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2024 Keywords: fraud audit; internal audit; IA; audit committee; AC; internal auditor; internal audit effectiveness; structural equation modelling; SEM; Greece. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=142793 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcrac:v:14:y:2024:i:1:p:50-67 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Abdullah E. Alajmi Author-X-Name-First: Abdullah E. Author-X-Name-Last: Alajmi Author-Name: Rasheed Alrashidi Author-X-Name-First: Rasheed Author-X-Name-Last: Alrashidi Title: IFRS adoption and earnings management in Kuwait firms: pre and post-COVID-19 Abstract: This study examines how Kuwaiti firms managed their earnings before and after adopting International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), with a focus on the COVID-19 pandemic. It also identifies the factors that influence earnings management and how these factors differ between the two periods. The study used a quantitative approach and analysed financial data from annual reports of 60 Kuwaiti companies listed on the Kuwait Stock Exchange (KSE) from 2016 to 2021 using robust regression. It used discretionary accruals to measure earnings management and three models, including the standard Jones model, modified Jones model, and Kothari model, for the analysis. The findings show that firms are more likely to manage their earnings under IFRS than under the previous Kuwaiti accounting standards. Additionally, earnings management increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic as firms tried to meet analysts' expectations and avoid negative market reactions. The study also identified several motives for earnings management, such as increasing executive compensation and avoiding negative market reactions. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Accounting Pages: 68-81 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2024 Keywords: IFRS adoption; earnings management; COVID-19; Kuwait Stock Exchange; KSE; Kuwait. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=142794 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcrac:v:14:y:2024:i:1:p:68-81 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Masaya Fujita Author-X-Name-First: Masaya Author-X-Name-Last: Fujita Title: The identity of accounting profit - a trial of criticism to accounting Abstract: To determine profit, we must subtract expenses from revenue. Why do we have to compute profit indirectly? Why can profit neither be touched nor seen? And what is accounting profit? These questions are important for financial accounting researchers. Below offers answers by analysing and identifying the characteristics of computing profit. Surplus value is the essence of profit. Its expression is frequently used in analysing capitalism, but it has existed from the start of human labour. Without it, there could be no ancient remains or increases in population. In this paper, 'surplus' is used instead of surplus value and accounting profit. The individual, historical and tangible form of surplus, is determined by double-entry bookkeeping (Fujita, 2002, 2017), i.e., it is the difference of capital at the beginning and the period end (computed on the balance sheet), and the difference of revenue and expenses (computed in the profit and loss account). Accounting profit is the individual, historical and concrete forms of surplus but what is a surplus is problematic. This paper asserts that it comes from the deprivation from nature (the earth) and the effects of accounting on economic actions can threaten the future of humankind. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Accounting Pages: 1-7 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2024 Keywords: accounting profit; surplus; only one cost; labour cost; depletion of resource and energy; deprivation from the earth; exhaustion of resources. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=142797 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcrac:v:14:y:2024:i:1:p:1-7 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aida Sy Author-X-Name-First: Aida Author-X-Name-Last: Sy Author-Name: Anthony Tinker Author-X-Name-First: Anthony Author-X-Name-Last: Tinker Title: African accounting: past and present Abstract: Bring the discussion on African accounting to the largest accounting meeting. Many people think that Africa does not have accounting. That is a misconception. Data collections: to write this paper, we collected data from the New York Library, The Graduate Center at the City University of New York, the British Library, the Baruch College Newman Library and the Library of the Sorbonne. Another source is the African network for the accounting profession (Brown, 1905; Littleton, 1933). We do not use a market-study quantitative method as in this type of research, it is appropriate to use a historical and qualitative approach. The paper considers the Great African Empires' history: Nubian, Ethiopia, Egyptian, Lybian Mossi, Ghana, Mali, Songhay, Zimbabwe and Kanem-Bornu. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Accounting Pages: 8-23 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2024 Keywords: African Accounting; history; Big4; International Financial Reporting Standards; IFRS. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=142805 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcrac:v:14:y:2024:i:1:p:8-23 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paulina Permatasari Author-X-Name-First: Paulina Author-X-Name-Last: Permatasari Author-Name: Vania Natasha Author-X-Name-First: Vania Author-X-Name-Last: Natasha Author-Name: Laura Angelica Author-X-Name-First: Laura Author-X-Name-Last: Angelica Author-Name: Umesh Sharma Author-X-Name-First: Umesh Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma Author-Name: Uman Suherman Author-X-Name-First: Uman Author-X-Name-Last: Suherman Title: A comprehensive model for assessing university and campus sustainability, accreditation and global ranking Abstract: This paper aims to create a comprehensive model of a sustainable university by combining the concepts of sustainable universities with various university assessment systems, including national and international university accreditation, professional accreditation, and global university ranking. The model conceptualisations of university sustainability and university assessment systems were taken from different existing models in higher education. These were summarised and conceptualised to create an integrated model of a sustainable university and its assessment criteria. It was found that the goals of both systems corresponded with one another. Thus, the aim of establishing sustainable universities is also in line with already existing university goals, such as achieving excellence in organisational and academic goals. An innovative model combining university sustainability and university assessment systems would be beneficial in simplifying the complex and multidimensional nature of a sustainable university and may portray a more attainable and relatable view of university sustainability overall. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Accounting Pages: 24-49 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2024 Keywords: university sustainability; higher education; university assessment systems; university accreditations; university global ranking. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=142808 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcrac:v:14:y:2024:i:1:p:24-49 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Satish Chandra Pant Author-X-Name-First: Satish Chandra Author-X-Name-Last: Pant Author-Name: Neha Kukrety Author-X-Name-First: Neha Author-X-Name-Last: Kukrety Author-Name: Pitresh Kaushik Author-X-Name-First: Pitresh Author-X-Name-Last: Kaushik Title: CSR and firm's financial performance amidst mandatory CSR regulations in India: systematic review-based meta-analysis Abstract: The purpose of this study is to critically analyse empirical findings of extant literature with respect to the financial performance of Indian enterprises amid mandatory CSR regulations. In this study, 19 empirical papers exhibiting 4,141 samples of Indian enterprises were systematically selected from the Scopus database. The meta-analysis method was utilised to examine the overall effect size in the existing literature. The study shows a positive but tiny significant association (r = 0.18) between CSR and financial performance, with implications for managers, customers, policymakers, and investors. With reference to the post-CSR required regime, the paper concludes the theoretical and practical contribution in the sphere of CSR and financial performance in India. It was concluded that a few systematic reviews have been conducted in India's post-CSR required regime. This study aims to investigate the selected papers using a meta-analytic technique to synthesise common views on the relationship between CSR and financial success for better planning by investors, corporations, and the government. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Accounting Pages: 101-114 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2024 Keywords: corporate social responsibility; CSR; financial performance; India. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=142810 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcrac:v:14:y:2024:i:1:p:101-114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Javad Izadi Author-X-Name-First: Javad Author-X-Name-Last: Izadi Author-Name: Mohammad Khorashadi Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Author-X-Name-Last: Khorashadi Author-Name: Maurice Pratt Author-X-Name-First: Maurice Author-X-Name-Last: Pratt Title: Auditor choice and audit fees in family firms: evidence from Tehran Stock Exchange Abstract: This paper examines auditor choice and audit fees in family firms on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The study analyses non-financial firms over ten years, using 1,050 firm-year observations. Probit and OLS regression methods are employed to test the hypotheses. Findings indicate that family firms, unlike non-family firms, are less likely to select large auditors and pay higher audit fees. Additionally, the choice of a large auditor mitigates the relationship between family ownership and audit fees. Family firms are also less likely to choose industry specialist auditors. This research enhances understanding of family ownership's impact on auditor selection and audit fees in Iran's emerging market. It contributes to accounting literature by providing empirical evidence on family control's effects on audit practices in a developing economy and offers a foundation for further research in similar contexts. The findings are based on Iran's unique financial conditions, differing from those in developed countries. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Accounting Pages: 82-100 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2024 Keywords: family firms; auditor choice; audit fee; agency problem. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=142814 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcrac:v:14:y:2024:i:1:p:82-100