Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Salver Saiteja Author-X-Name-First: Salver Author-X-Name-Last: Saiteja Author-Name: V.A. Sankar Ponnapalli Author-X-Name-First: V.A. Sankar Author-X-Name-Last: Ponnapalli Title: A review on smart water management in various domestic areas: an approach for water consumption and leakage perspectives Abstract: One of the major issues that is affecting the water utilities in domestic areas is leakages through the distribution networks, non-revenue water estimation, and failure in the prediction of water consumption at individual spaces. This review paper basically focuses on these three important directions to understand the feasible domestic water management systems with integrated models of internet of things and artificial intelligence approaches. Different smart water management techniques have been reported in the literature to improve efficiency and avoid non-revenue water issues, and these are consolidated in this paper. Prediction failure of water utility in the water distribution systems is also presented in this paper. This article summarises a measure of water consumption statistics, a detailed summary of non-revenue water, and leak detection technologies at extensive areas to provide a wide sense of understanding for the prediction of the water consumption and leakage detection. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 1-16 Issue: 1 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: smart water management; leakages; non-revenue water; NREW; district metered area; DMA; artificial intelligence; domestic areas; water consumption; distribution networks; non-revenue; detection. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=129063 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:1:p:1-16 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christine Große Author-X-Name-First: Christine Author-X-Name-Last: Große Author-Name: Aron Larsson Author-X-Name-First: Aron Author-X-Name-Last: Larsson Author-Name: Olof Björkqvist Author-X-Name-First: Olof Author-X-Name-Last: Björkqvist Title: Information-flawing filters in critical infrastructure protection: the deficient information basis in a Swedish approach Abstract: Various societal functions, such as healthcare, freight transports, water supplies and electricity, ensure the daily life, endurance and progress of modern societies. The protection of such critical functions requires comprehensive information processing. Based on evidence from documents on the Swedish planning process <i>S<SUB align="right"><SMALL>TYREL</SMALL></SUB></i> and interviews with entrusted decision-makers at county administrative boards, municipalities and power grid operators, this study aims to crystallise information pathways and flaws to highlight information filtration and alteration. Analyses of the material reveal a set of information-flawing filters, such as information withholding or loss when sharing, information scarcity in criticality assessments and ad-hoc information creation due to scarcity. Because of these filters, the Swedish process causes an altering of information that affects the quality of decisions and the emergency response plan that relies on them. Thus, this study indicates deficiencies that relate to information sharing, information security and decision-making that poses risks to citizens and businesses. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 40-57 Issue: 1 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: critical infrastructure protection; CIP; societal security; information management; decision analysis; multi-level planning; public private policy network; filters; Swedish policy; information pathways; information sharing; security; decision-making. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=129066 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:1:p:40-57 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sahil Rana Author-X-Name-First: Sahil Author-X-Name-Last: Rana Author-Name: M. Abdul Akbar Author-X-Name-First: M. Abdul Author-X-Name-Last: Akbar Title: A review of research developments on submerged floating tunnel Abstract: Submerged floating tunnel as a high investment project has been conceptualised multiple times by different countries, but has not been implemented yet. Being a critical infrastructure, the complexities and challenges involved in the construction of this underwater tunnel is a natural progression of the multiple factors that need consideration in its engineering analysis and design. The improvement in computational resources and techniques of the 21st century has enabled a closer to accurate engineering analysis of this structure under the influence of dynamic effects of water including design consideration for blast loading and tsunami. The techniques proposed to keep the tunnel afloat, along with the variations in the nature of its support with the seabed, have seen the coalition of multiple disciplines of engineering. The paper presents a comprehensive review of various engineering analysis that has been performed on submerged floating tunnel in addition to a review of the different policy-based conclusions on this new technology. The current trends and challenges ahead are also discussed based on projections into the future as a natural extrapolation of the current state of progress. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 58-78 Issue: 1 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: submerged floating tunnel; computational fluid dynamics; stress analysis; structural design; transportation; underwater tunnel; critical infrastructure. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=129068 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:1:p:58-78 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rasyimawati Mat Rashid Author-X-Name-First: Rasyimawati Mat Author-X-Name-Last: Rashid Author-Name: Radin Zaid Radin Umar Author-X-Name-First: Radin Zaid Radin Author-X-Name-Last: Umar Author-Name: Nadiah Ahmad Author-X-Name-First: Nadiah Author-X-Name-Last: Ahmad Title: Major hazard industries disaster preparedness: an empirical study of liquefied petroleum gas storage facilities Abstract: Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) storage facilities storing more than 50 tonnes of LPG are classified as major hazard installations (MHIs). This industry involves highly flammable hydrocarbon chemicals that can cause destruction of property and endanger human lives. This study aims to investigate the level of disaster preparedness among 23 LPG storage facilities in Malaysia. The preparedness performance of the facilities was assessed through a five-point instrument measure in six preparedness domains. For overall preparedness, 60% of LPG facilities were rated poor or weak, and remaining 40% were rated as good or satisfactory. This indicates a serious gap in the overall current capacity of the majority of facilities to respond to major hazard disasters. Across all facilities, 'risk assessment' was the best performance domain, while the worst was 'emergency exercise'. The findings provide an overview of the level of preparedness that can guide areas of improvement among LPG facilities in Malaysia. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 17-39 Issue: 1 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: liquefied petroleum gas; LPG storage; LPG stockist; emergency preparedness; major hazard installation; MHI; control industrial major accident hazards; CIMAH; emergency response plan; ERP; preparedness domain; industrial disaster; Malaysia. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=129069 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:1:p:17-39 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chenwen Zhan Author-X-Name-First: Chenwen Author-X-Name-Last: Zhan Author-Name: Chunwei Fu Author-X-Name-First: Chunwei Author-X-Name-Last: Fu Author-Name: Xiaohong Wu Author-X-Name-First: Xiaohong Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Title: Research on collaborative construction management of construction project based on BIM technology Abstract: In order to overcome the problems of high root mean square error, low monitoring accuracy and low reliability in construction project collaborative management, a new construction project collaborative management method based on BIM technology is proposed. Combined with BIM technology and collaborative management, this method establishes the network structure model of collaborative management, and expounds the evolution process of collaborative management. This method makes qualitative analysis and quantitative research on the collaborative degree of project management by combining the logistic model and order parameter principle, and completes the collaborative management of project construction based on the project organisation management system of BIM technology. The experimental results show that the root mean square of relative error is reduced by 0.84, the accuracy of monitoring is improved by 41%, and the reliability is improved by 18%, which is suitable for the collaborative management mode of current project innovation in China. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 79-93 Issue: 1 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: BIM technology; construction engineering; construction management; collaborative management. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=129074 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:1:p:79-93 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yadi Duan Author-X-Name-First: Yadi Author-X-Name-Last: Duan Author-Name: Huilin Liu Author-X-Name-First: Huilin Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Title: Research on BIM technology-based measurement method of stress parameters of prefabricated building engineering Abstract: In order to overcome the problems of low reliability and poor robustness of construction parameters caused by the lack of stress parameter analysis in the conventional construction methods of precast construction projects, a precast building stress parameter measurement method based on building information model (BIM) technology is proposed. Subdivide BIM units by constructing a BIM-based prefabricated construction engineering information database. The 3D reconstruction model of engineering construction design was established by using nonlinear iterative method. Based on this, the stress parameters were measured and analysed, and the construction parameters of the prefabricated house project were optimised through BIM technology. A simulation experiment has been carried out, and the results show that the method can provide more than 90% reliability and has high stability, indicating that the method has high application performance. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 199-210 Issue: 3 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: building information model; BIM technology; prefabricated buildings; engineering construction parameters; fusion of three-dimensional parameters; stress parameter analysis. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=130911 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:3:p:199-210 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Md Faysal Kabir Author-X-Name-First: Md Faysal Author-X-Name-Last: Kabir Author-Name: Sahadev Roy Author-X-Name-First: Sahadev Author-X-Name-Last: Roy Title: Development of an accident prediction model for freeways systems Abstract: This paper presents a model using log-logistics accelerated failure time approach based on the traffic accident records collected in the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India in 2018-2019. This research work provides a series of approaches for identifying different critical elements to model accident prediction and clearance timing in freeways systems. Specifically, the innovative solutions are aimed at not only developing a prediction model but also analysing severity indicators like property damage, number of injuries, fatalities, etc. At the process level, the models are concerned with different variables, which play vital roles in real-life scenarios. The proposed model also keeps track of different random variables and is able to forecast possible accidents that may save several lives. Under influence of those random keys, this analysis also provides few suggestive proposals to take necessary precautions to reduce accident impacts and enhance traffic safety and the accident management process. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 274-289 Issue: 3 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: freeway accident; accident duration model; accident prediction; traffic hazard; freeway systems. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=130914 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:3:p:274-289 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Qiang You Author-X-Name-First: Qiang Author-X-Name-Last: You Author-Name: Zhiwei Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Zhiwei Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Haitao Wang Author-X-Name-First: Haitao Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Mingyang Xu Author-X-Name-First: Mingyang Author-X-Name-Last: Xu Title: Risk identification of subway tunnel shield construction based on WBS-RBS method Abstract: The shield construction technology has been widely used with the vigorous development of subway construction. The safety risk identification about the shield tunnelling construction of Shenzhen Metro was carried out. Firstly, the work breakdown structure (WBS) was used to decompose the construction process in stages, then the risk factors were decomposed into different factor units by risk breakdown structure (RBS), then the WBS-RBS matrix was constructed to identify a number of risk factors. Meanwhile, based on the questionnaire survey method, the reliability and validity of the results were tested. Finally, the principal component analysis method was used to extract the key risk factors, so that the number of indicators was greatly reduced, which provided a basis for constructing the risk evaluation index system. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 261-273 Issue: 3 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: shield tunnelling construction; risk identification; WBS-RBS; principal component analysis. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=130915 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:3:p:261-273 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chongyu Cui Author-X-Name-First: Chongyu Author-X-Name-Last: Cui Author-Name: Zhaoxia Li Author-X-Name-First: Zhaoxia Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Xiaoyan Jiang Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoyan Author-X-Name-Last: Jiang Title: Simulation study on electric loss assessment model in solar power generation Abstract: In order to solve the problem of insufficient adaptive optimisation ability and insufficient evaluation accuracy when faced with a large number of calculations of existing solar power loss evaluation methods, a power loss evaluation model based on fuzzy information fusion is proposed. Through the comprehensive power quality index parameters, the output characteristic value of the power loss evaluation in solar power generation is obtained, and the power loss fuzzy control is performed. The power loss evaluation relationship in energy generation is extracted, and the power loss quality information fusion in solar energy generation is completed. Combined with the association rule constraint reconstruction, the power loss evaluation model of solar power generation is constructed. The simulation results show that the accuracy of power loss assessment is high, and the degree of information fusion is good, which improves the quality of solar power generation. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 248-260 Issue: 3 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: solar power generation; power loss; fuzzy information fusion; association rules. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=130916 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:3:p:248-260 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Norayr Badasyan Author-X-Name-First: Norayr Author-X-Name-Last: Badasyan Author-Name: Andreas Wibowo Author-X-Name-First: Andreas Author-X-Name-Last: Wibowo Author-Name: Ansgar Bendiek Author-X-Name-First: Ansgar Author-X-Name-Last: Bendiek Title: Master planning frame for road infrastructure projects: decision-making model for private investments Abstract: This paper develops a project management framework that master plans private investments in road infrastructure by providing the primary mechanisms for monetarising social benefits under different public-private partnership payment mechanisms. Its novelty lies in providing a platform for decision-makers to compare various private investment alternatives by assessing the possible impacts of the payment mechanisms on the relevant projects' social benefits and economic results. The paper uses a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods. It determines the main social effects of the relevant projects under a social welfare framework and develops formulas that enable decision-makers to compare the impact of various payment mechanisms on the added social value. This paper demonstrates that the social outcomes of projects can vary considerably, depending on the chosen payment mechanism. The proposed framework will facilitate the stakeholders to develop projects with a broader spectrum of possible analyses to correlate payment mechanisms and social welfare. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 231-247 Issue: 3 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: public-private partnership; PPP; infrastructure management; infrastructure economics; economic net present value; project management; road sector. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=130922 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:3:p:231-247 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nikita Agarwala Author-X-Name-First: Nikita Author-X-Name-Last: Agarwala Author-Name: Nikita Arora Author-X-Name-First: Nikita Author-X-Name-Last: Arora Author-Name: Goldie Gabrani Author-X-Name-First: Goldie Author-X-Name-Last: Gabrani Author-Name: Sunil Gupta Author-X-Name-First: Sunil Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta Title: Enabling active safety system along with realtime monitoring and audio alerts in two wheelers through smart helmet system Abstract: A report by the Indian Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, estimated that over 1.5 lakh lives were claimed in various accidents on Indian Roads in 2018. Over-speeding has been found as a major violation accounting for nearly 67% of the road accidents. To address this concern, authors in this paper, have proposed a methodology to make the helmet smarter using Internet of Things (IoT). This modification in the existing smart helmet adds on to the safety of the bikers. Drivers for two wheeled automobiles are cautioned about their speed through audio alerts. These alerts are in accordance with one's speed and location and updated in real time. To implement this technology in the existing helmets, Bluetooth technology was deployed, and the communication channel was realised through various IoT protocols such as XMPP and MQTT. The suggested protocols have been analysed in the deployed communication channel of the proposed smart helmet for their performance. Further, ubiquitous connectivity is also an important feature of the proposed smart helmet. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 367-382 Issue: 4 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: accident avoidance; two wheelers; smart helmet; sensors; active safety system; IoT. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=132208 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:4:p:367-382 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sunil Gupta Author-X-Name-First: Sunil Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta Title: Fog-based smart building IoT model: development and energy cost estimation Abstract: Due to the expansion and accessibility of the internet of things (IoTs), the user gets interacted to use advanced technology. The development and improvement of fog computing and cloud computing services allow developing the IoT application like smart building. In this paper, an IoT-fog-based prototype is proposed and implemented to check the cost estimation. Fog computing reduces the consumption of energy and latency during communication with the smart building. This prototype aims to develop the system based on real-time energy cost estimation, used further for a real-time billing system. In the proposed prototype, the information (current, voltage, power, and energy) is being collected in two real-time scenarios. One is based on fog-IoT-based system, and the other is a conventional system with the help of two circuits with the same equipment attached to find the energy consumed. In this paper, the analysis of energy consumption shows the advantages in terms of optimisation and cost-saving using the proposed prototype. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 354-366 Issue: 4 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: fog computing; internet of thing; IoT; NodeMCU; smart building; Arduino; energy efficient. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=132209 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:4:p:354-366 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jyoti Agarwal Author-X-Name-First: Jyoti Author-X-Name-Last: Agarwal Author-Name: Manoj Kumar Author-X-Name-First: Manoj Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar Author-Name: Anuj Rani Author-X-Name-First: Anuj Author-X-Name-Last: Rani Author-Name: Sunil Gupta Author-X-Name-First: Sunil Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta Title: Application of deep learning approach for detecting brain tumour in MR images Abstract: A tumour is an abnormal mass of tissues, which consume normal body cells, kill them, and continue to increase in size. For detection of infected tumour area and lesions, magnetic resonance imaging has been used widely in medical field. Image processing and machine learning is also used widely for brain tumour detection and segmentation, but they are not the most appropriate ones, therefore methods involving deep learning are also proposed for the same. In this paper, six traditional machine learning classification algorithms are compared. Afterwards, convolutional neural network is implemented using Keras and TensorFlow in python. Two different CNN based models VGG16 and DenseNet available in Keras trained on imagenet dataset is also used. The dataset contains in total 253 images, which were later augmented to train the model better. From results, it was analysed that deep learning algorithms yield better results than the traditional ML classification algorithms. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 340-353 Issue: 4 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: brain tumour; CNN; deep learning; model; pooling; DenseNet; TensorFlow. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=132210 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:4:p:340-353 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mengxia Liu Author-X-Name-First: Mengxia Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Title: Campus smart street lamps using internet of things technology Abstract: Based on the internet of things (IoT), this paper analysed the intelligent control of campus street lamps, designed an intelligent system combined with fuzzy control, and tested the system. The test found that the system had good networking and communication capabilities. When the distance was 100 m, the packet loss rate was 6.05%. Compared with the time control and light control systems, the designed system had smaller parameters and better energy-saving performance (63.59%). The results verify the effectiveness of the designed system in intelligent control. And the designed system can be further promoted and applied in the actual campus construction. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 291-300 Issue: 4 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: internet of things; IoT; intelligent street lamp system; campus construction; fuzzy control; ZigBee. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=132211 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:4:p:291-300 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yousaf Ali Author-X-Name-First: Yousaf Author-X-Name-Last: Ali Author-Name: Jehangir Khan Author-X-Name-First: Jehangir Author-X-Name-Last: Khan Author-Name: Muhammad Sabir Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad Author-X-Name-Last: Sabir Title: Political protests and their impacts on interdependent infrastructure systems Abstract: Political uncertainty and protests can influence any economy in many ways. Despite abundant scholarly literature on the economic impacts of political protests, not a single study investigated the impacts of such unlikely events on the entire economy using various sectors of the economy. The current work applies the inoperability input-output model (IIM) and dynamic inoperability input-output model (DIIM) to study the economic impacts of political protests in Pakistan from 14 August 2014 to 17 December 2014. The study calculates each sector's inoperability levels and economic losses using input-output tables for 25 sectors of the Pakistan economy. The study ranks all sectors based on their inoperability levels and economic losses and also provides the recovery period for each sector from the protests. The findings indicate that sectors having strong linkages with the manufacturing sector bear the highest economic losses. The research is helpful for the authorities to develop preventive measurements and recovery plans to minimise the economic losses in case of such unlikely events. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 211-230 Issue: 3 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: protests; economic shock; inoperability input-output model; IIM; dynamic inoperability input-output; DIIM; disaster management; Pakistan. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=130931 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:3:p:211-230 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Senthil Author-X-Name-First: K. Author-X-Name-Last: Senthil Author-Name: Muskaan Sethi Author-X-Name-First: Muskaan Author-X-Name-Last: Sethi Author-Name: Loizos Pelecanos Author-X-Name-First: Loizos Author-X-Name-Last: Pelecanos Title: Techniques to safeguard the underground tunnels against surface blast load Abstract: Due to the growth of underground tunnels, the safety of structures under blast loading is a major threat. Therefore, this paper focused on various techniques such as tunnel burial depth, tunnel shape, tunnel lining materials and varying the location of the blast source to safeguard underground tunnels against blast load using numerical analysis. The behaviour of concrete, reinforcement steel and the soil were incorporated by using the different constitutive model available in ABAQUS v. 2020. The predicted results were compared with the experimental results available in literature and found in close agreement. It is concluded that the layering of soil filling and depth of the burial of the tunnel found to be most important in case of external blast, whereas the stress bearing capacity of the concrete found to be important in case of internal blast. It is also concluded that the circular shape tunnel is one of the best performing tunnels. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 301-322 Issue: 4 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: tunnels; blast load; burial depth; lining materials; tunnel shape; blast location. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=132212 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:4:p:301-322 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kim Smith Author-X-Name-First: Kim Author-X-Name-Last: Smith Author-Name: Ian David Wilson Author-X-Name-First: Ian David Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson Title: Critical infrastructures: a comparison of definitions Abstract: The aim of this paper is to identify common characteristics of critical infrastructure that is informed by national, standards and academic sources. A fundamental understanding of the interconnectivity and dependencies and interdependencies that exist within critical infrastructure is essential to ensure international protection. In working towards an international definition of critical infrastructure there will need to be cooperation and collaboration between nations. The paper determines, through analysis, the foundation of critical infrastructure and its complexity given national and international links to support collective understanding. The paper highlights the potential harm that can be caused if critical infrastructure links are not fully understood. A definition of critical infrastructure is proposed, and future work suggested. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 323-339 Issue: 4 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: critical infrastructure; dependencies; interdependencies; complexity; vulnerabilities; infrastructure characteristics; definition; contrasting terminology; infrastructure interconnectivity; attack protection. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=132213 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:4:p:323-339 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anh Tuan Hoang Author-X-Name-First: Anh Tuan Author-X-Name-Last: Hoang Author-Name: Xuan Ky Nguyen Author-X-Name-First: Xuan Ky Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen Title: Managing technological security of smart environment monitoring systems: study of a coastal province in Vietnam Abstract: With the machinery and systemic interconnections of the current 'Industry 4.0' world that we live in today, water critical infrastructures (CI) are crucial, interconnected with major urban entities such as medical and natural ecosystems. Environment monitoring technology (EMT), bounded to water CIs, providing the necessary real-time information for control and operation of urban water facilities, can become potential targets for physical or online attacks, disruption or destruction, imposing discomforts, outages and damages to affected water CI systems and related stakeholders, affecting the nontraditional security of affected region/cities. This is increasingly crucial as many cities in Vietnam are planning to implement digital transformation to become smart cities, creating multitudes of digital, internet connections, and numerous technological risks. In summary, this article attempts to analyse and draw conclusions about various aspects of technological security of environment monitoring systems (EMSs) of Quang Ninh, Vietnam and propose solutions that the city can apply to mitigate such nontraditional threats and prevent probable future incidents that can cause serious disruptions to such critical structures. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 383-403 Issue: 4 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: critical infrastructure; technological security; monitoring systems; nontraditional security; smart city; Vietnam. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=132236 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Open Access Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:4:p:383-403 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Uche M. Mbanaso Author-X-Name-First: Uche M. Author-X-Name-Last: Mbanaso Author-Name: Julius A. Makinde Author-X-Name-First: Julius A. Author-X-Name-Last: Makinde Author-Name: Victor E. Kulugh Author-X-Name-First: Victor E. Author-X-Name-Last: Kulugh Title: A methodological approach for characterisation of critical national infrastructure Abstract: This article presents a methodological approach for the characterisation of critical national infrastructure (CNI). Despite several approaches to identifying CNI, there has not been any universally acceptable way that is agreeable because a country's CNI priority may differ. CNI enabled by information and communications technology (ICT) is usually referred to as critical national information infrastructure (CNII). Thus, the security of CNII requires a far-reaching approach that is harmonised and agile to mutually respond to global cyber threats. Without proportionate safeguards, the increasingly interconnected and interdependent infrastructures can create vulnerability opportunities that can cause failures with cascading or escalating effects. Consequently, proper characterisation, categorisation and designation of CNI are vital to effective CNII protection and resilience. We approached the study by extensive review, analysis and synthesis of CNI of selected countries around the globe. Then, we applied a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) to show how CNI can be derived, and designated. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 172-197 Issue: 2 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: critical national infrastructure; CNI; critical national information infrastructure; CNII; multi-criteria decision making; MCDM; comparative analysis; information and communications technology; ICT dependency. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=130446 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:2:p:172-197 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xinjie Yuan Author-X-Name-First: Xinjie Author-X-Name-Last: Yuan Title: BIM-based cycle control method for the whole process of building production and construction Abstract: In order to overcome the problems of poor convergence and low control accuracy of conventional cycle control for the whole process of building production and construction due to the lack of consideration of parameter fusion and resource scheduling, a new BIM-based cycle control method for the whole process is proposed. A whole-process cycle control constraint model is constructed for parameter analysis, and with the BIM technology, parameter fusion is carried out to judge control convergence. With the BIM scheduling method, a resource scheduling control model for cycle control is constructed, so as to effective control and manage the whole process cycle. The experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper can deliver better convergence and lower control error for whole-process cycle control, the lowest difference of safety quality control was less than 0.01, which demonstrates that the method has a strong ability in carrying out whole-process cycle control. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 95-107 Issue: 2 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: BIM; building production and construction; whole-process; cycle control; information fusion; convergence. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=130447 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:2:p:95-107 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zineb Belghiti Author-X-Name-First: Zineb Author-X-Name-Last: Belghiti Author-Name: Khadija Angade Author-X-Name-First: Khadija Author-X-Name-Last: Angade Title: Risk assessment of public private partnerships projects in developing countries Abstract: The aim of this paper is to assess risks that arise with PPPs transportation projects in Morocco and to provide a better understanding of the risk ranking profile in developing countries. To conduct the study, a questionnaire was administered in order to determine the most critical risks according to public and private sector entities involved in transportation PPPs projects. The results generated 28 critical risks and the top five risk factors were mostly at the meso level. Upon comparing these results with previous studies on the risk assessment of PPPs in developing countries, it was found that the business environment indicator provides a better explanation of the risks ranking of PPPs in developing countries. Thus, the study concludes that macro-risks in developing countries with an attractive business environment will have a lower impact compared to developing countries with an unfavourable investment climate. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 108-123 Issue: 2 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: developing countries; infrastructure; Morocco; public private partnership; PPP; risk assessment; transportation. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=130448 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:2:p:108-123 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wei Shu Author-X-Name-First: Wei Author-X-Name-Last: Shu Author-Name: Dajiang He Author-X-Name-First: Dajiang Author-X-Name-Last: He Title: A cooperative control method of voltage imbalance in microgrid with multiple micro sources Abstract: In order to overcome the problems of unstable current waveform, high voltage imbalance and long voltage control time in traditional voltage imbalance control methods for microgrid, a new cooperative control method of voltage imbalance in microgrid with multiple micro sources is proposed in this paper. Based on the analysis of microgrid structure, the dynamic phasor model of microgrid voltage is constructed. On this basis, a cooperative controller is designed to realise the voltage balancing control of microgrid with multiple micro sources. In order to verify the cooperative control effect of voltage imbalance in microgrid, a comparative experiment is designed. The experimental results show that the current waveform of the proposed method is stable, the voltage imbalance is only 2.5%, and the cooperative voltage control time is less than 7 s, which shows that the proposed method has high efficiency and good cooperative control effect of voltage imbalance in microgrid. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 154-171 Issue: 2 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: multi-micro source microgrid; dynamic phasor model; voltage imbalance; cooperative control. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=130449 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:2:p:154-171 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jingwei Huang Author-X-Name-First: Jingwei Author-X-Name-Last: Huang Author-Name: Wael Khallouli Author-X-Name-First: Wael Author-X-Name-Last: Khallouli Author-Name: Ghaith Rabadi Author-X-Name-First: Ghaith Author-X-Name-Last: Rabadi Author-Name: Mamadou Seck Author-X-Name-First: Mamadou Author-X-Name-Last: Seck Title: Intelligent agent for hurricane emergency identification and text information extraction from streaming social media big data Abstract: This paper presents our research on leveraging social media big data and AI to support hurricane disaster emergency response. The current practice of hurricane emergency response for rescue highly relies on emergency call centres. The more recent Hurricane Harvey event reveals the limitations of the current systems. We use Hurricane Harvey and the associated Houston flooding as the motivating scenario to conduct research and develop a prototype as a proof-of-concept of using an intelligent agent as a complementary role to support emergency centres in hurricane emergency response. This intelligent agent is used to collect real-time streaming tweets during a natural disaster, to identify tweets requesting rescue, to extract key information such as address and associated geocode, and to visualise the extracted information in an interactive map in decision supports. Our experiment shows promising outcomes and the potential application of the research in support of hurricane emergency response. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 124-139 Issue: 2 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: big data; social media; Twitter; tweets; information extraction; emergency response; natural disaster; hurricane; Hurricane Harvey; flooding; intelligent agent; AI. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=130455 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:2:p:124-139 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sheng Yin Author-X-Name-First: Sheng Author-X-Name-Last: Yin Title: A construction schedule management method of large-scale construction project based on BIM model Abstract: In order to overcome the problems of long response time and small number of manageable indicators existing in traditional construction project schedule management methods, a new construction schedule management method based on BIM model is designed in this paper. The construction progress data acquisition and decoding module circuit is set to complete the construction progress data acquisition, and the <i>K</i>-means algorithm is used to preprocess the construction progress data. First, the construction project progress is decomposed; then, the large-scale construction project is divided into different progress management levels by the WBS analysis method; a functional information module is established; the construction project progress data is imported into the BIM model; and finally, the BIM information function management of the method is realised. The experimental results show that the proposed method has low response time and multiple schedule management indicators, and the shortest response time of the proposed method is only 1.1 s. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 140-153 Issue: 2 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: management pheromone; management rules; definition residue; BIM model. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=130456 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:2:p:140-153 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Changsheng Wang Author-X-Name-First: Changsheng Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Title: The vibration control of magnetorheological elastomer damper for eccentric workshop Abstract: Aiming at the problem of translational and torsional vibration of the eccentric structure under earthquake, the control effect of magnetorheological elastomer damper on translational and torsional vibration of the eccentric workshop structure is studied. Firstly, the mechanical model of magnetorheological elastomer damper and a finite element model of the structure are established. Then, the finite element simulation is utilised to analyse the damping effect of the damper on the structure. The analysis results show that the damping effect of the damper on the translational vibration of the eighth layer of the structure is 43.27%, and the damping effect on the torsional response of the fifth layer is 37.37%. Finally, a shaking table test is done. The test results show that when the damper acts, the translational displacement of the top layer of the structure decreases by 34.97%, and the torsional response of the fifth layer of the structure reduces by 41.58%. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 432-448 Issue: 5 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: eccentric workshop; magnetorheological elastomer damper; mechanics model; shaking table test; damping effect. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=133281 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:5:p:432-448 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Taofeek Mobolarinwa Balogun Author-X-Name-First: Taofeek Mobolarinwa Author-X-Name-Last: Balogun Author-Name: Hayretdin Bahsi Author-X-Name-First: Hayretdin Author-X-Name-Last: Bahsi Author-Name: Omer F. Keskin Author-X-Name-First: Omer F. Author-X-Name-Last: Keskin Author-Name: Unal Tatar Author-X-Name-First: Unal Author-X-Name-Last: Tatar Title: A comparative framework for cyber threat modelling: case of healthcare and industrial control systems Abstract: Cyberattacks target organisations and cause property loss, disruption of operation, and for healthcare facilities, even loss of life. With the advent of the internet of things (IoT) devices, the attack surface has extended significantly. Organisations need a cyber threat modelling approach to assess their network from the attackers' perspective to safeguard their assets better. In this study, a framework was developed to compare cyber threat modelling of various IoT networks by focusing on the capabilities of the threat actors in the light of various factors, such as accessibility, stealth, technical ability, and time. The developed framework is applied to two different networks: SCADA and healthcare IoT infrastructure for demonstration. The results suggest that it is possible to cause a physical impact in IoT-based healthcare systems by using less sophisticated cyberattacks. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 405-431 Issue: 5 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: cyberattack; SCADA; internet of things; IoT; threat modelling; attack trees; attack sophistication; healthcare. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=133282 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:5:p:405-431 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Beatriz Toscano Author-X-Name-First: Beatriz Author-X-Name-Last: Toscano Author-Name: André Fernandes Author-X-Name-First: André Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandes Author-Name: Miguel Mira da Silva Author-X-Name-First: Miguel Mira da Author-X-Name-Last: Silva Author-Name: Flávia Maria Santoro Author-X-Name-First: Flávia Maria Author-X-Name-Last: Santoro Title: A systematic mapping on cascading effects in critical infrastructures Abstract: Critical infrastructures (CIs) are crucial assets for society and the economy, since they are responsible for supplying essential goods and services. Currently, and increasingly, CIs depend on each other. This interdependency among CIs makes them vulnerable to cascading disasters on a large scale, which can have a huge impact. The interconnection among CIs makes that a failure as a CI can affect another CI(s), generating so-called cascading effects. Cascading effects on CIs make a research area worthy of study and investigation and have considerable interest in terms of resilience and risk management. This paper aims to provide, through a systematic mapping study, an overview of the existing literature on cascading effects in critical infrastructures, detailing the work performed in this domain. In addition, the paper also identifies the approaches that are being taken in the context of cascade effects in critical infrastructures. We also discuss the relationship between cascade effects and infrastructures interdependencies. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 463-483 Issue: 5 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: systematic mapping; cascading effects; interdependency; critical infrastructures. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=133283 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:5:p:463-483 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kaushal Mukherjee Author-X-Name-First: Kaushal Author-X-Name-Last: Mukherjee Author-Name: Subhadeep Mukhopadhyay Author-X-Name-First: Subhadeep Author-X-Name-Last: Mukhopadhyay Author-Name: Sahadev Roy Author-X-Name-First: Sahadev Author-X-Name-Last: Roy Title: CPW-fed printed patch antenna for 5G-IoT infrastructure development Abstract: Antennas with a high gain, good radiation efficiency, and an omnidirectional radiation pattern over a wide bandwidth will be able to solve some of the issues of existing communication networks. In this work a comparative analysis of different types of 5G antenna along with their performance improvements techniques are discussed. In this study we also proposed a simple planar printed antenna which is also offered high gain and desired radiation efficiencies. The proposed work is different in that, despite being a planar printed antenna, the antenna achieves a wider bandwidth of 4.5 GHz, peak gain of 11.6 dB, radiation efficiency of 92%, VSWR of 1.2, and SAR of 1.42 W/Kg for 1 g of tissue by utilising a U-shape slot over the radiating patch structure, and also useful for 5G-IoT-based infrastructure developments as a replacement for multi-layer antennas. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 484-507 Issue: 5 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: 5G network; CPW-fed; single layer; printed patch antenna; data infrastructure development; internet of things; IoT; millimetre wave band; mmW. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=133284 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:5:p:484-507 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Li Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Li Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Title: The dynamic and secure storage of enterprise financial data based on cloud platform Abstract: In order to overcome the problems of poor data security, low integrity and long storage time of traditional methods, this paper proposes a dynamic and secure storage method of enterprise financial data based on cloud platform. Firstly, the absolute correlation degree of the data in the financial database is calculated by using the grey correlation analysis method, and the data mining and clustering are carried out according to the results of the absolute correlation degree calculation. Then, the DES algorithm is used to encrypt the clustering results of financial data and remove redundant data. Finally, according to the cloud platform access time length, access frequency, and the relationship between enterprise financial datasets, the data dynamic security storage is achieved. Experimental results show that this method can encrypt all data, the average integrity of the storage results is 9.7, the average storage time is 0.51 s, and the practical application effect is good. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 449-462 Issue: 5 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: cloud platform; corporate financial data; dynamic security storage; absolute correlation degree; DES algorithm. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=133285 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:5:p:449-462 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Luciano Morabito Author-X-Name-First: Luciano Author-X-Name-Last: Morabito Author-Name: Benoît Robert Author-X-Name-First: Benoît Author-X-Name-Last: Robert Title: Success factors and lessons learned during the implementation of a cooperative space for critical infrastructures Abstract: It is largely documented that the exchange of information among critical infrastructures (CIs) is crucial to strategies involving the identification of their interdependencies and increasing their resilience. Based on the experience of the <i>Centre Risque & Performance</i>, Polytechnique Montréal (Québec, Canada), this paper presents the outcomes of a 15-year project that led to the development of DOMINO: a tool capable of identifying interdependencies among CIs and simulating potential domino effects of their failure. This paper illustrates how multi-organisational collaboration can help solve complex problems and shares lessons learned from the DOMINO initiative, which corroborates several observations documented in the literature. This paper suggests that, in order for effective and long-term collaboration to occur between CIs, not only must there be a sustainable governance framework in place, but upstream works must be conducted within these large organisations to encourage them to adopt, internally, more strategic, transversal and integrated risk management approaches. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 527-543 Issue: 6 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: collaboration; cooperation; critical infrastructures; domino effects; information sharing; integrated risk management; interdependencies; large organisations; knowledge; social constructivism. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=134618 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:6:p:527-543 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Guangxin Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Guangxin Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Qi Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Qi Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Jun Ma Author-X-Name-First: Jun Author-X-Name-Last: Ma Author-Name: Gang Liu Author-X-Name-First: Gang Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Dong Sun Author-X-Name-First: Dong Author-X-Name-Last: Sun Author-Name: Zimeng Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Zimeng Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Title: Fault location of high voltage overhead transmission line based on ACO-ENN algorithm Abstract: Aiming at solving the problems of poor positioning accuracy and long time in traditional methods, a fault location of a high-voltage overhead transmission line based on ACO-ENN algorithm is proposed in this paper. Firstly, self-coding neural network is used to reduce dimension of transmission line signal data. Secondly, the relationship between fault distance and natural frequency is obtained by main frequency extraction method. Finally, ACO-ENN algorithm is used to construct the hidden interlayer weight matrix to obtain the fault location error function of the transmission line, and the fault location result of the high voltage overhead transmission line is obtained under the condition of the minimum error function. The results show that the mean square error of the proposed method is less than 187 m, and when the fault distance of the high voltage overhead transmission line is 300 km, the fault location time of the proposed method is only 0.43 s. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 544-557 Issue: 6 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: ACO-ENN algorithm; high voltage overhead; transmission line; fault location; main frequency extraction; self-coding neural network; error function. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=134619 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:6:p:544-557 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alex Nduhura Author-X-Name-First: Alex Author-X-Name-Last: Nduhura Author-Name: Thekiso Molokwane Author-X-Name-First: Thekiso Author-X-Name-Last: Molokwane Author-Name: Lukamba M. Tshombe Author-X-Name-First: Lukamba M. Author-X-Name-Last: Tshombe Author-Name: Innocent Nuwagaba Author-X-Name-First: Innocent Author-X-Name-Last: Nuwagaba Author-Name: Francis Can Author-X-Name-First: Francis Author-X-Name-Last: Can Title: Closing the gap: financial closure in public private partnership markets Abstract: The paper analyses the context of financial closure in public private partnerships markets. Existing studies indicate that the success rate of projects that move to the financial closure is limited and stands at less than 50%. To improve the financial closure rates, this study aimed at establishing process for, factors and challenges associated with financial closure for public private partnerships. Based on a review of existing literature, this paper identifies the factors responsible for the high failure rate of financial closure and provides recommendations, necessary for improving the success rate of financial closure. The outcome of this study is important since it makes an invaluable and original contribution to the PPP body of knowledge, since the paper provides a range of issues and activities that must be considered to improve the success rate for financial closure is historically rated as too long and with low chance of success. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 558-577 Issue: 6 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: financial closure; public private partnerships; PPPs; infrastructure. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=134620 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:6:p:558-577 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tian Lu Author-X-Name-First: Tian Author-X-Name-Last: Lu Author-Name: Luca Capacci Author-X-Name-First: Luca Author-X-Name-Last: Capacci Author-Name: Mattia Anghileri Author-X-Name-First: Mattia Author-X-Name-Last: Anghileri Author-Name: Silvia Bianchi Author-X-Name-First: Silvia Author-X-Name-Last: Bianchi Author-Name: Dong Luo Author-X-Name-First: Dong Author-X-Name-Last: Luo Author-Name: Fabio Biondini Author-X-Name-First: Fabio Author-X-Name-Last: Biondini Title: Simulation-based seismic risk and robustness assessment of ageing bridge networks Abstract: Civil infrastructure systems are prone to environmental deterioration processes that gradually reduce their mechanical properties and their capability to sustain severe natural hazards, such as earthquakes. The rate of occurrence of major seismic events, the time-variant seismic vulnerability of single bridges, and the indirect economic losses due to traffic flow redistribution related to the closure of key routes within the highway network are affected by uncertainties to be addressed by modelling their constitutive parameters as random variables and processes. This paper presents an integrated simulation-based methodology to estimate the user cost-based risk and system robustness of spatially distributed bridge networks subjected to prescribed deterioration and regional seismic hazard scenarios. Life-cycle seismic risk metrics are evaluated in terms of bridges failure rates and exceedance rates of indirect monetary losses based on free-flow traffic analysis and user cost assessment. The lifetime system robustness is also evaluated based on appropriate probabilistic performance indicators. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 578-602 Issue: 6 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: multi-hazard risk; structural robustness; Monte Carlo simulation; MCS; ageing bridge networks; seismic hazard; fragility curves; user cost. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=134622 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:6:p:578-602 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alfonso Durán Chico Author-X-Name-First: Alfonso Durán Author-X-Name-Last: Chico Author-Name: Juan Sebastián De Plaza Solórzano Author-X-Name-First: Juan Sebastián De Plaza Author-X-Name-Last: Solórzano Title: COVID-19 and the drinking water consumption pattern in Bogotá D.C., Colombia Abstract: COVID-19 caused a high impact on the human life sectors, and water distribution services were no exception, given that a change in water consumption behaviour has been registered in several planet regions to the isolation and hygiene measures imposed to contain the new coronavirus. This study analysed the water consumption pattern in Bogotá, Colombia, by reviewing the consumption data by socio-economic stratum and water consumption type, provided by the Aqueduct and Sewerage Company of Bogotá (in Spanish EAAB) between 2018 and 2020. All the sectors analysed showed a decrease in consumption, except for the residential sector, which increased. With the results found, and through the bibliographic compilation, useful strategies are proposed to establish resilient water distribution systems in the post-COVID stage. Journal: Int. J. of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 509-526 Issue: 6 Volume: 19 Year: 2023 Keywords: Colombia; coronavirus; COVID-19; critical infrastructure; Bogotá; emergency; lockdown; post-COVID; resilient water supply systems; SARS-CoV-2; water consumption pattern. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=134639 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:19:y:2023:i:6:p:509-526