Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Punyata Butola Author-X-Name-First: Punyata Author-X-Name-Last: Butola Author-Name: Preeti Sharma Author-X-Name-First: Preeti Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma Author-Name: Vijay Kumar Jain Author-X-Name-First: Vijay Kumar Author-X-Name-Last: Jain Title: Credit risk management: bibliometric analysis Abstract: The study analyses the available literature on credit risk management using bibliometric approach over 23 years. The data is retrieved from Scopus database using the keywords ('credit risk management' AND 'profitability' OR 'financial performance' AND 'banks') OR ('credit risk management' AND 'profitability' OR 'financial performance'). The result shows a remarkable rise in the publications on credit risk management in the past five years covered in this study (i.e., 2017-2021). Malaysia published a significant number of publications and the research work from the USA received maximum citations. Professor Weber O. is considered as the most prolific author based on the highest number of publications produced. <i>Journal Business Strategy and the Environment </i> is found as the most productive journal. Moreover, the findings of the current study will serve as a reference point for those countries, which contribute less besides encouraging them to conduct research on credit risk management. Journal: Int. J. of Applied Systemic Studies Pages: 1-22 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2025 Keywords: credit risk; bibliometric; VOSviewer; Scopus; profitability. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=144919 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijass:v:12:y:2025:i:1:p:1-22 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kottala Sri Yogi Author-X-Name-First: Kottala Sri Author-X-Name-Last: Yogi Author-Name: Atul Kumar Sahu Author-X-Name-First: Atul Kumar Author-X-Name-Last: Sahu Author-Name: Sanju Kumar Nishad Author-X-Name-First: Sanju Kumar Author-X-Name-Last: Nishad Author-Name: Ch. Shankar Author-X-Name-First: Ch. Author-X-Name-Last: Shankar Title: Evaluating relationship amongst soluble solids content and twist in soft drinks for modelling technical variability and system reengineering Abstract: Soft drinks are extensively used by the concerns at the marketplace all over the globe and are usually documented as the key sources of dietary energy. Accordingly, in the present study, modelling of soft drink is presented and empirical practices are carried out using an experimental design, i.e., central composite inscribed (CCI) design and response surface methodology (RSM) by the authors. The factors considered in CCI design were gas volume, BRIX, torque and net content. In this study, mathematical models are produced using experimental datasets, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess the fit of the models. The findings conclude that there is a statistically significant relationship between soluble solids content and twist. In this study, the statistical approach is used and the coefficient of response variable across various soft drink brands is evaluated to report managerial facts. The study indicates that the correlations between variables might differ amongst various brands. Journal: Int. J. of Applied Systemic Studies Pages: 50-72 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2025 Keywords: process parameters; soft drinks; response surface methodology; RSM; central composite inscribed design; CCID; decision making. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=144920 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijass:v:12:y:2025:i:1:p:50-72 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Manoranjan Dash Author-X-Name-First: Manoranjan Author-X-Name-Last: Dash Author-Name: Christo Aditya Bikram Bepari Author-X-Name-First: Christo Aditya Bikram Author-X-Name-Last: Bepari Author-Name: Bibhuti Bhusan Pradhan Author-X-Name-First: Bibhuti Bhusan Author-X-Name-Last: Pradhan Author-Name: Preeti Y. Shadangi Author-X-Name-First: Preeti Y. Author-X-Name-Last: Shadangi Title: Enhancing stock market predictions using hybrid machine learning approach with XGBOOST-LSTM and XGBOOST-GRU models Abstract: In the ever uncertain and volatile global world, it is a trend to extract valuable insights to inform decisions within investment sector. Predicting the performance of stock indices remain a challenge, necessitating continuous data analysis with integration models. Recent application of hybrid ML-models uncovers it is potentiality to construct and work on such forecasting model. Also, the stock market periodically faces some of the unpredictable events like global financial crisis, COVID-19, Russia-Ukraine war, etc., which have created need to explore the hidden variations in stock index movements. To address this need, we use a machine learning approach that achieves predictive performance comparable to other established methods. We propose and evaluate various ML models, specifically the hybrid XGBOOST-LSTM and XGBOOST-GRU models, on pre- and post-COVID Bank Nifty Index data to identify gaps in our understanding of market movements and provide a more precise stock market forecast. It utilises XGBOOST to select an optimised set of features, which used to train the LSTM and GRU models. We discover models provided insights into index data movements, demonstrating superior accuracy and predictive capabilities of the proposed hybrid models. Journal: Int. J. of Applied Systemic Studies Pages: 73-87 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2025 Keywords: deep learning; DL; COVID-19; machine learning; ML; hybrid model; stock market. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=144921 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijass:v:12:y:2025:i:1:p:73-87 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hongjuan Wang Author-X-Name-First: Hongjuan Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Title: Impact of emerging technologies on firm sustainable development: a comparison between internet of things and factory of things technologies Abstract: Internet of things (IoTs) and factory of things (FoTs) both are evolving AI-based models that revolutionise efficiency, productivity, and decision-making in various industrial sectors, worldwide. This study aims to explore the nexus of both models in terms of the sustainable development (SD) of corporates. First, the objective is to examine the linkage between IoT and sustainable development (SD) from the domain of industrial sector of China. Second, the core aim is to investigate the relationship between FoT and SD, respectively. In addition, the aim is to examine the directions of both models to subdimensions of SD, i.e., economic, social, and environmental development. The results confirmed a positive connection between IoTs and SD. Likewise, the outcomes assured a significant correlation between FoT and SD. Multidimensional testing confirmed the positive relationships of IoTs and FoTs toward each dimension of SD. This study endows with certain insights into IoTs and FoT that could be pivotal for SD of the organisations. Journal: Int. J. of Applied Systemic Studies Pages: 37-49 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2025 Keywords: internet of things; IoT; factory of things; FoTs; artificial intelligence; sustainable development; SD; structural equation modelling. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=144922 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijass:v:12:y:2025:i:1:p:37-49 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shuo Feng Author-X-Name-First: Shuo Author-X-Name-Last: Feng Author-Name: Lei Wang Author-X-Name-First: Lei Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Yao Qi Author-X-Name-First: Yao Author-X-Name-Last: Qi Title: Online shopping and consumption rate: does online buying of electronic products boost consumer purchase intention and sales performance of the electronic products Abstract: Understanding online buying behaviour is crucial for organisations as it influences purchasing decisions in the digital marketplace, which eventually optimises the sales performance. This study examines the correlation between consumer purchase intention (CPI) and sales performance of the organisations from the perspective of China. Second, this study attempts to uncover the moderating influence of consumer online buying behaviour (COBB) between CPI and SP. To that end, the study is compiled based on 848 (n = 848) questionnaires being collected from Chinese consumers between the time of three months, i.e., from October 2023 to December 2023. The data were analysed based on SEM through utilisation of SmartPls and results indicate a positive connection between consumer purchase intention and SIP. Likewise, the results assured a positive moderation of COBB between the linkage of CPI and sales performance. This study provides multiple insights into consumers' behaviour through which organisations can over the consumers since presently consumer online buying behaviour and CPI were found the productive factors of sales optimisations. This study also enriches the knowledge of management by providing applied side implications along with future research possibilities for academic scholars based on the current limitations. Journal: Int. J. of Applied Systemic Studies Pages: 23-36 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2025 Keywords: online shopping trend; consumer purchase intention; CPI; sales performance; SP; structural equation modelling; developing nations. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=144926 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijass:v:12:y:2025:i:1:p:23-36 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gurloveleen Kaur Author-X-Name-First: Gurloveleen Author-X-Name-Last: Kaur Author-Name: Lalit Singla Author-X-Name-First: Lalit Author-X-Name-Last: Singla Title: Sustainable future initiatives to mitigate air pollution by Indian corporates Abstract: Particulate matters 2.5 is an air pollutant component sternly harmful to human health chiefly released by the operations of corporations. The present study is conducted to evaluate the proportion of non-greenhouse gas emissions. Five companies from the seven most polluted industries specified by the Center of Pollution and Control Board were chosen, based on higher market capitalisation from the steel, sugar, paper, cement, fertiliser, copper, and aluminium industries. The corporations were found to release a good amount of non-GHG emissions, but decent control on such releases has been observed in 2023. Certain measures like the installation of electrostatic precipitators, replacing clinker with advanced technology, using solar and wind energy, bicarbonate products, NONEL detonators, and other efforts were made. Lack of data, uniformity in reporting, least concern for the environment, and others were the observed limitations. Indian companies are suggested to protect the earth from harmful emissions with more effort. Journal: Int. J. of Applied Systemic Studies Pages: 122-150 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2025 Keywords: green energy; sustainability; Particulate Matters 2.5; WHO; Air Quality Index; AQI; standards. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=146732 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijass:v:12:y:2025:i:2:p:122-150 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yixia Niu Author-X-Name-First: Yixia Author-X-Name-Last: Niu Author-Name: Shangjie Li Author-X-Name-First: Shangjie Author-X-Name-Last: Li Title: Exploring the impact of accounting principles on cost management with moderation of risk and blockchain technology Abstract: Accounting principles contribute a critical role in cost management because they offer guidelines in terms of guiding cost accountability, analysis, and control. Risk management deals with managing risks that may occur financially while blockchain provides unaltered records in real-time; therefore, it helps eliminating risks of making wrong decisions. In this study, the first aim is to examine the correction between accounting principles, (e.g., accrual, consistency, conservatism, going concern, matching, historical cost, and revenue recognition principle) on cost management (CM). Secondly, moderating forces were observed, (e.g., financial risk and blockchain technology) between the connection of accounting principles and CM. The study found that by emphasising accounting principles, organisations may improve cost management whereby considering risk and blockchain technology additional can strengthen the relationships between accounting principles and CM. Journal: Int. J. of Applied Systemic Studies Pages: 186-202 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2025 Keywords: accounting principles; cost management; risk management; blockchain technology; structure equation modelling. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=146753 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijass:v:12:y:2025:i:2:p:186-202 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K.A. Asraar Ahmed Author-X-Name-First: K.A. Asraar Author-X-Name-Last: Ahmed Author-Name: Varadarajan Sowmya Damodharan Author-X-Name-First: Varadarajan Sowmya Author-X-Name-Last: Damodharan Author-Name: Glenn W. Muschert Author-X-Name-First: Glenn W. Author-X-Name-Last: Muschert Author-Name: Bijay Kumar Paikaray Author-X-Name-First: Bijay Kumar Author-X-Name-Last: Paikaray Title: Investigating recognition of green marketing communication using QR code acceptance among Emirati students: systematic study based on technology acceptance model Abstract: Green marketing strategies have become increasingly significant in today's business landscape. Saudi Arabia is a leader in e-invoicing within the GCC, which uses QR codes for business-to-consumer (B2C) and business-to-business (B2B) transactions (SNI Technology, 2023). Research by Juniper 2024 predicts that global usage of QR code coupons and payments will reach 5.2 billion users by 2026. This research study examines the recognition and significance of green marketing communication through QR codes, utilising the technology acceptance model (TAM) as its framework in the UAE. A total of 306 responses were gathered through a questionnaire-based survey conducted among students at higher education institutions in the UAE. The data were analysed using the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) technique with Smart PLS 4 software. The results indicate that factors associated with the TAM, green marketing communication, and self-efficacy significantly influence the acceptance of QR codes in the UAE. The research findings suggest that QR codes can potentially enhance digital marketing efforts in the Middle East, particularly in the UAE, to promote greater online and offline customer engagement. Journal: Int. J. of Applied Systemic Studies Pages: 165-185 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2025 Keywords: technology acceptance model; TAM; green marketing communication; green self-efficacy; UAE; structural equation modelling; SEM. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=146754 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijass:v:12:y:2025:i:2:p:165-185 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Manping Niu Author-X-Name-First: Manping Author-X-Name-Last: Niu Title: Exploring the impact of international trade policies toward sales performance of the corporates with moderation of trade barriers Abstract: The study on international trade policies (ITP) and sales performance examines how trade regulations such as tariffs and agreements may influence companies' global sales strategies and outcomes. This study specifically explores the relationships between ITP and SP using moderation of trade barriers from Chinese market based on the classical theory of trade. First, the aim is to examine the connection between ITP and the sales performance of the companies. Second, the objective is to explore the moderating force of trade barriers (TB) between the association of international trade policies and sales performance. The study affirmed a positive relationship between international trade policies and sales performance. This study also confirmed a positive moderating influence of trade barriers between international trade policies and sales performance. The study endows with multiple insights into international trade policies that can enhance sales performance of the companies by overcoming certain trade barriers. Journal: Int. J. of Applied Systemic Studies Pages: 151-164 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2025 Keywords: international trade policies; ITP; sales performance; trade barriers; classical theory of trade; structure equation modelling. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=146758 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijass:v:12:y:2025:i:2:p:151-164 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shavina Goyal Author-X-Name-First: Shavina Author-X-Name-Last: Goyal Author-Name: Aziz Ali Afzaly Author-X-Name-First: Aziz Ali Author-X-Name-Last: Afzaly Author-Name: Satinder Kumar Author-X-Name-First: Satinder Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar Title: Enhancing job embeddedness at work through the leadership styles: a systematic review and future research agenda Abstract: Leadership plays a crucial role in fostering a strong sense of attachment among employees. Effective leadership enhances employee job embeddedness by promoting a friendly and supportive work environment. This study aims to explore the role of leadership in enhancing employee job embeddedness by reviewing several publications that examined the relationship between different leadership styles and employee job embeddedness. Employing a descriptive research approach, the study reviewed 52 journal articles to explore this relationship. The findings reveal that, with the exception of narcissistic leadership and the authoritarian aspects of paternalistic leadership, various leadership styles positively influenced employee job embeddedness, either directly or indirectly through the mediating variables. This research significantly contributes to the existing body of knowledge by extensively discussing the role of various leadership styles in enhancing employee job embeddedness. It will assist organisations and decision makers in choosing the most suitable leadership style to significantly boost employee job embeddedness and offer a framework for future research. Journal: Int. J. of Applied Systemic Studies Pages: 89-121 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2025 Keywords: leadership; leadership styles; job embeddedness; organisational embeddedness. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=146760 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijass:v:12:y:2025:i:2:p:89-121 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ayesha Alice Mundu Author-X-Name-First: Ayesha Alice Author-X-Name-Last: Mundu Author-Name: Shabnam Swati Minz Author-X-Name-First: Shabnam Swati Author-X-Name-Last: Minz Author-Name: Rajiv Bhushan Author-X-Name-First: Rajiv Author-X-Name-Last: Bhushan Author-Name: Doreswamy Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Doreswamy Title: Integration of technology in second language acquisition: identifying and analysis of factors assisting English learning Abstract: Since the passage of time, English language has occupied a significant position in the country because of which, dissemination of English language has long started in the schools and academic curriculum. Though schools especially non-English medium schools are able to ingrain knowledge of English language but it still lacks to develop in students, a standard level of proficiency which would help them to take advantage in education or career front. The paper hypothetically claims that assimilation of technology in teaching and learning practices can help learners to improve their English competency. Taking in consideration the assimilation of technology in English teaching and learning the paper explores factors of how technology assists learning English as second language. The study incorporates ISM and MICMAC analysis to examine the relationship of each factor, which also helps in identifying the key drivers that have a significant impact on English learning process. Journal: Int. J. of Applied Systemic Studies Pages: 203-218 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2025 Keywords: English as second language; technology; interpretive structural modelling; ISM; MICMAC. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=148185 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijass:v:12:y:2025:i:3:p:203-218 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sanju Kumar Nishad Author-X-Name-First: Sanju Kumar Author-X-Name-Last: Nishad Author-Name: Atul Kumar Sahu Author-X-Name-First: Atul Kumar Author-X-Name-Last: Sahu Title: Benchmarking applied factors to systemically investigate the influence and performance characteristics of the solar energy technology Abstract: Solar collector represents a device that primarily collects solar radiation and induced performance capabilities can be attain via right selection of solar collector. Accordingly, in study; cluster of driving factors are presented and investigated towards influencing the performance of solar technology. The study describes 15 qualitative and 18 quantitative factors that can help practitioners in influencing the performance characteristics of solar technology. The study has utilised six-step methodological framework to evaluate described factors and 33 questionnaires are presented for mapping said factors. The compensation of factors allied with 'power output aptitude', 'orientation and tilt angle' and 'glass maintenance and prevention from breakage' are found significant for attaining prominent efficiencies from solar system. This study attempts to spread a knowledgeable base, valuable facts and critical insights to researchers and practitioners about different factors that can affect the performance of solar systems. The study will support in future development of solar technology. Journal: Int. J. of Applied Systemic Studies Pages: 219-245 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2025 Keywords: solar energy; evaluation; qualitative and quantitative factors; questionnaires; benchmarking. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=148186 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijass:v:12:y:2025:i:3:p:219-245 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Emily Maria K. Jose Author-X-Name-First: Emily Maria K. Author-X-Name-Last: Jose Author-Name: Pooja Venkatesh Author-X-Name-First: Pooja Author-X-Name-Last: Venkatesh Title: Bridging employer branding and talent management for enhanced organisational engagement: insights from the Indian IT sector Abstract: In the dynamic and competitive IT sector, attracting and retaining skilled professionals is vital for organisational success. This study examines the impact of employer branding on organisational engagement, with talent attraction as a mediator. Data from 186 employees across ten leading Indian IT companies were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Results indicate that a strong employer brand significantly enhances talent attraction and organisational engagement. Talent attraction partially mediates the employer branding – engagement relationship, emphasising its pivotal role in transforming branding efforts into sustained engagement. These findings highlight the need for integrating employer branding with strategic recruitment, professional development, and a supportive work culture to boost engagement and productivity among IT professionals. The study offers practical insights for HR and business leaders while encouraging future research to explore cross-sector and cross-cultural perspectives for broader applicability. Journal: Int. J. of Applied Systemic Studies Pages: 246-257 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2025 Keywords: employer branding; talent management; organisational engagement; IT sector; organisational success; work culture. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=148187 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijass:v:12:y:2025:i:3:p:246-257 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pengzhao Yue Author-X-Name-First: Pengzhao Author-X-Name-Last: Yue Title: Impact of accounting conservatism on social and economic development with moderation of investment efficiency Abstract: Accounting conservatism ensures financial statements that reflect a cautious approach, understating assets, and income rather than overstating them. It encourages responsible resource allocation, enhances investor confidence, and supports long-term viability which is crucial for bringing sustainable success in dynamic business environments. This study explores the connections between accounting conservatism (AC) and firm sustainable performance (FSP) with moderation of investment efficiency (IE). Second, the study conducts are comprehensive analysis of AC toward two major streams of FSP such as economic performance (ECP) and social performance (SP). This study revealed a positive correlation between AC and sustainable performance along with a positive nexus among AC, ECP, and SP respectively. Finally, the study observed a moderation of IE from the connection of AC and sustainable performance. Nonetheless, this study bears various limitations, which should be considered by future research to validate the current findings toward other regions, worldwide. Journal: Int. J. of Applied Systemic Studies Pages: 258-271 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2025 Keywords: accounting conservatism; sustainable development; social development; economic development; structure equation modelling; resource-based view; RBV. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=148188 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijass:v:12:y:2025:i:3:p:258-271 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jiaxu Wang Author-X-Name-First: Jiaxu Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Hongwei Lin Author-X-Name-First: Hongwei Author-X-Name-Last: Lin Title: Artificial intelligence and firm competitive performance: an empirical assessment of industrial-IoTs with moderation of financial risk management system Abstract: This study explores the connection between industrial IoTs and organisational competitive performance (OCP) along with financial risk (FNR) as moderator from the domain of China. To this end, the first aim is to investigate the relationships of certain evolving industrial IoTs (e.g., smart sensors, RFID, connected machines, industrial robotics, predictive maintenance systems, energy management systems, remote monitoring, and asset tracing) on OCP. Second, this study attempts to uncover the moderating nexus of FNR between industrial IoTs and OCP. This study provides insights into industrial IoTs, organisational competitive performance, and financial risk showing a positive between IoTs and organisational competitive performance. Likewise, a positive moderation of FNR was observed. Besides, this study highlights some limitations, and therefore authors can incorporate these limitations to validate the findings from the rest of the world in the future. Journal: Int. J. of Applied Systemic Studies Pages: 272-285 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2025 Keywords: industrial IoT; organisational performance; financial risk; empirical analysis; developing nation; structural equation model; SEM. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=148189 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijass:v:12:y:2025:i:3:p:272-285 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xuhui Han Author-X-Name-First: Xuhui Author-X-Name-Last: Han Author-Name: Anbalagan A.L. Marimuthu Author-X-Name-First: Anbalagan A.L. Author-X-Name-Last: Marimuthu Title: The role of leadership styles in project management: empirical assessment of leadership styles and risk management practices Abstract: This study specifically examines the connections between certain prominent leadership styles (e.g., autocratic leadership, democratic leadership, transactional leadership, transformational leadership, servant leadership, and charismatic leadership) and project performance in the Chinese domain, drawing on the theory of constraints. Second, this study assesses the role of risk management practices (RMPs) such as financial risk in the relationships between leadership styles (LS) and project performance. The study additionally determines the most effective leadership style in this domain. The findings ensure a positive connection between LS and project performance where some styles are found to be more effective than others. However, proper management of risks such as financial risk management can better support the relationships between leadership styles and project performance. Journal: Int. J. of Applied Systemic Studies Pages: 286-300 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2025 Keywords: leadership styles; project management; risk management practices; RMPs; theory of constraints; structural equation modelling. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=148190 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijass:v:12:y:2025:i:3:p:286-300 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maj Deepti Nangia Author-X-Name-First: Maj Deepti Author-X-Name-Last: Nangia Author-Name: Virendra Kumar Paul Author-X-Name-First: Virendra Kumar Author-X-Name-Last: Paul Title: Design management in multi-stakeholder DBB projects: integrating RIBA work stages and FIDIC White Book to align process and contractual frameworks Abstract: This research puts in perspective the crucial role played by design management consultants (DMCs) in bridging the legally binding frameworks of FIDIC with the process-driven structure of RIBA. It proposes customised contractual clauses for DMCs adapted from FIDIC white book and a framework for adapting FIDIC clauses, originally formulated for individual consultants, to delineate the expanded responsibilities of DMCs. DMCs improve interdisciplinary collaboration, reduce delays, and ensure compliance with sustainability goals, providing long-term value to clients by aligning respective standards of care, management of risks through design-stage interventions. The proposed synergistic alignment of 'FIDIC White Book' and 'RIBA Plan of Work' frameworks will not only enhance the design management processes but will also give direction in strengthening DMC's role. It offers a framework for achieving seamless integration in the Indian construction context and aims to close the gaps in process coordination, contractual clarity, particularly in the Indian construction context. Journal: Int. J. of Applied Systemic Studies Pages: 301-327 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2025 Keywords: design management; FIDIC; RIBA; standard of care; design bid build. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=150114 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijass:v:12:y:2025:i:4:p:301-327 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rashmiranjan Panigrahi Author-X-Name-First: Rashmiranjan Author-X-Name-Last: Panigrahi Author-Name: Padma Charan Mishra Author-X-Name-First: Padma Charan Author-X-Name-Last: Mishra Author-Name: Avinash Kumar Shrivastava Author-X-Name-First: Avinash Kumar Author-X-Name-Last: Shrivastava Author-Name: Rajesh Matha Author-X-Name-First: Rajesh Author-X-Name-Last: Matha Title: Manufacturing firms' inventory management practices: research, practices and gaps Abstract: This study aims to examine the disparity between research findings and practical implementation in inventory management practices (IMP), focusing specifically on the impact of knowledge of inventory automation (KIA) and cost efficiencies (CE) on operational performance (OP) within the context of Industry 4.0. The paper critically reviews the literature through lenses of bibliometric and content analysis techniques in the time period from 2014 up to 1 February 2024. The findings indicate significant potential for improvement in the use of automated and smart manufacturing technologies by SMEs regarding IMP, KIA, and OP. The study identifies opportunities for adopting Industry 4.0 technologies to enhance inventory management, improve the skill sets of professionals in automated inventory practices, and reduce adoption costs, leading to seamless operational performance. A novel contribution of this study is its proposed model, which illustrates a symbiotic relationship among IMP, KIA, and CE, and their collective impact on OP. Effective inventory management practices rely on the utilisation and sharing of both implicit and explicit knowledge within the emerging SMEs. Journal: Int. J. of Applied Systemic Studies Pages: 328-356 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2025 Keywords: inventory management practice; automation knowledge; cost efficiencies; manufacturing industry; small and medium-sized enterprise; SMEs; content analysis. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=150115 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijass:v:12:y:2025:i:4:p:328-356 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fengshou Qian Author-X-Name-First: Fengshou Author-X-Name-Last: Qian Title: The role of ethics in adoption of artificial intelligence and impact on organisational sustainable performance Abstract: AI improves operational efficiency, innovation, and decision-making processes in firms. However, ethical considerations are crucial to prevent biases, discrimination, and misuse of data. Integrating ethical AI practices not only sustains societal values but also advances trust among distinct stakeholders that eventually may optimise firm performance in a promptly evolving digital world. The present study reveals the nexus among artificial intelligence (AI), ethics, and firm sustainable competitive performance (SCP) in the developing market, China. First, it is investigated that incorporating AI into business operations (i.e., machine learning, natural language processing, reinforcement learning, predictive analytics, generative adversarial networks, AI-powered automation, personalisation algorithms, and robotic process automation) positively impacts organisational SCP. This study has also proven the moderating role of ethics between the correlation of AI and SCP. Journal: Int. J. of Applied Systemic Studies Pages: 391-404 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2025 Keywords: artificial intelligence; AI; ethical compliance; sustainable competitive performance; SCP; structural equation modelling; technology acceptance theory. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=150118 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijass:v:12:y:2025:i:4:p:391-404 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yuzhu Han Author-X-Name-First: Yuzhu Author-X-Name-Last: Han Author-Name: Pengcheng Yang Author-X-Name-First: Pengcheng Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Title: How tax management optimises revenue generation: moderating role of financial risks and mediation of technological incorporation Abstract: Tax management plays a crucial role in maximising revenue for organisations by optimising tax liabilities within legal boundaries. However, understanding the role of financial risk and emerging technologies particularly in terms of tax implications often plays a vital for organisations to safeguard firms' revenue. This study attempts to uncover the relationship between tax management (TM) and revenue generation (RG) of the organisations. This study also unfolds the mediating influence of financial risk management (FrM) along with moderation role emerging technologies (EmT) in the domain of tax management systems. This study affirmed a positive connection between tax management and revenue generation. The study also assured a positive moderation of financial risk and mediation of emerging technologies between the correlation of TM and revenue generation. This study endows with multiple insights into tax management systems, financial risk management, and the adoption of evolving technologies that can optimise the revenue of organisations. Besides, this study enlists several implications for management and future directions for researchers. Journal: Int. J. of Applied Systemic Studies Pages: 377-390 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2025 Keywords: tax management; TM; revenue generation; RG; financial risk management; FrM; emerging technologies; EmT; structural equation modelling; technology acceptance model. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=150119 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijass:v:12:y:2025:i:4:p:377-390 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Krishnakant Chaubey Author-X-Name-First: Krishnakant Author-X-Name-Last: Chaubey Author-Name: Seemanti Saha Author-X-Name-First: Seemanti Author-X-Name-Last: Saha Title: Systemic modelling for atrial fibrillation detection: integrating MobileNetV2 transfer learning with Bayesian-optimised KNN Abstract: Atrial fibrillation (AFB) is a leading cause of life-threatening heart diseases, and its increasing prevalence in recent times has sparked interest in the development of accurate and reliable detection algorithms. An electrocardiogram (ECG) is the most trusted tool to detect these cardiac disorders. However, computer-aided algorithms are becoming increasingly important for efficient and timely detection. This work presents a novel algorithm to detect AFB by employing a transfer-learning approach and a Bayesian optimised K-nearest neighbour (KNN) classifier after segmentation of the ECG signal into four-second segments. Moreover, the signal-to-image conversion uses continuous wavelet transform and Stockwell transform, followed by modified pre-trained deep convolutional neural network (CNN) models to extract potential attributes. The extracted attributes are fed further to a feature selection technique that utilises fuzzy entropy to assess their relevance and, finally, sent to a Bayesian optimised KNN classifier to classify into normal, atrial fibrillation, and atrial flutter classes. Journal: Int. J. of Applied Systemic Studies Pages: 357-376 Issue: 4 Volume: 12 Year: 2025 Keywords: ECG signal; atrial fibrillation; transfer learning; MobileNetV2; fuzzy entropy; Bayesian optimisation; K-nearest neighbours; KNNs. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=150141 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ijass:v:12:y:2025:i:4:p:357-376