Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Albert Ochien'g Abang'a Author-X-Name-First: Albert Ochien'g Author-X-Name-Last: Abang'a Author-Name: David Wang'ombe Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Wang'ombe Title: Meaning and measures of quality of corporate governance: a literature review Abstract: This paper aims to report the results of literature review on the meaning and measures of corporate governance to suggest opportunities for future research in the field. The purpose is achieved by first obtaining journal ranking guide from the Chartered Association of Business Schools (CABS) 2018. The next step involved identification of the first 30 journals published during 1990 to 2018 using EBSCO, Emerald, Wiley Online Library, Taylor and Francis, Elsevier and Inderscience Publishers databases, seeking for the article title search term 'corporate governance' using Boolean search logic. The review of literature finds that there are two broad perspectives to which corporate governance can be conceptualised: the shareholder and stakeholder perspective. Further, the results indicate that there are three broad measures of corporate governance (governance codes, commercial rating agencies, and academic literature). The findings have important implications for regulators, policy practitioners and academic literature who prescribe measures of corporate governance. The paper contributes to the debate on the definition of the term 'corporate governance' and its measures. Journal: African J. of Accounting, Auditing and Finance Pages: 187-204 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2021 Keywords: corporate governance; shareholder; stakeholder. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=116835 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ajaafi:v:7:y:2021:i:3:p:187-204 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gningninri Augustin Koné Author-X-Name-First: Gningninri Augustin Author-X-Name-Last: Koné Author-Name: Balibié Serge Auguste Bayala Author-X-Name-First: Balibié Serge Auguste Author-X-Name-Last: Bayala Title: Online micro-investor confidence and alternative financing of VSE/SME in Côte d'Ivoire: a scoping study of crowdfunding Abstract: This paper aims to identify the various aspects of online micro-investor confidence likely to influence the alternative financing of VSE/SMEs in Côte d'Ivoire through crowdfunding. Based on the literature on online investor confidence and alternative financing, a conceptual model has been developed. This model was compared with the field research through 25 semi-structured one-on-one interviews conducted with potential micro-investors in the cities of Abidjan and Bouake. The results of the thematic content analysis (transcript and word occurrence) show that credibility, integrity and benevolence of the crowdfunding platform are key factors of online micro-investor confidence likely to influence the alternative financing of VSE/SMEs in Côte d'Ivoire. Journal: African J. of Accounting, Auditing and Finance Pages: 225-246 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2021 Keywords: online investor confidence; credibility; integrity; benevolence; alternative financing; Côte d'Ivoire. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=116837 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ajaafi:v:7:y:2021:i:3:p:225-246 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ibrahim Ramadhani Kikwiye Author-X-Name-First: Ibrahim Ramadhani Author-X-Name-Last: Kikwiye Title: Relevance of multinationals' involvement in corporate social responsibility practices in Tanzania Abstract: This study investigated the relevance of multinationals' involvement in corporate social responsibility practices in Tanzania. The semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions were employed for collecting evidences from managers and community members. The findings suggest that multinationals prefer to indulge in contributing to communities in environmental protection, empowerment programs, education, health services and sports. Community members' preferences comprises of water supplies, health services, environmental protection, education facilities, employment, sports, infrastructure development, helping the elderly and construction of market places. Interestingly, the activities most preferred by multinationals and community members are more or less similar with few exceptions which might be caused by differences of locations of stakeholders. In conclusion, being involved in corporate social responsibility in Tanzania is relevant and beneficial to stakeholders as it complements the government's ability to provide goods and services in various dimensions. The study provides a recommendation for policy, managerial issues and future research. Journal: African J. of Accounting, Auditing and Finance Pages: 247-268 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2021 Keywords: relevance; multinationals; involvement; preference; corporate social responsibility; CSR; practices; Tanzania; stakeholders; government; community. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=116838 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ajaafi:v:7:y:2021:i:3:p:247-268 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Solomon George Zori Author-X-Name-First: Solomon George Author-X-Name-Last: Zori Title: Mandatory adoption of IFRS and cost of capital: does country classification matter? Evidence from developed versus developing countries Abstract: We examine the economic consequences of mandatory adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) from firm level perspective, and across country classification (developing versus developed economy). Using a global sample of firms from 40 (45) countries from 1993-2016, and applying difference-in-differences design, we analyse the induced changes in the cost of equity (debt) capital following IFRS adoption. We find that mandatory adopters in developing countries are not more likely to experience significant decreases in the cost of equity in the post-adoption period than firms in developed countries. However, for cost of debt we identify an advantage of mandatory adopters over non-adopters in developing as well as in developed countries. At the same time, firms in developed countries show a larger decrease in the cost of debt than firms in developing countries. Overall, our findings suggest that mandatory IFRS adoption does not necessarily connote economic benefit outcomes and should be considered when promoting the worldwide introduction of IFRS, especially in developing countries. Journal: African J. of Accounting, Auditing and Finance Pages: 269-300 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2021 Keywords: IFRS adoption; cost of equity; cost of debt; developing; developed; country. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=116839 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ajaafi:v:7:y:2021:i:3:p:269-300 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bamlaku Kassie Author-X-Name-First: Bamlaku Author-X-Name-Last: Kassie Title: The effect of demographic factors on ethical dilemma: empirical evidence from certified public accountancy firms in Ethiopia Abstract: In different developing nations, managers, leaders, and business owners are exposed to money corruption and the root cause of this corruption is unethical decisions made by public accountants. This paper focuses on identified areas of ethical dilemma and the most important demographic factors that affect the ethics of professional accountancy. The research selected 317 certified public accountants as a sample based on probability sampling techniques. The study used an ethical dilemma as the main variable. The study used an independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA parametric test. The findings of the study summarise that presentation of financial reports, audit time by tax auditors, and tax-related matters are the three most difficult areas of professional conflict of interest that affect professional activities. Results showed that demographic variable of gender, age, level of education, and professional experience, were a significant variation in each group for exposing ethical dilemmas. Journal: African J. of Accounting, Auditing and Finance Pages: 205-224 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 2021 Keywords: conflict of interest; demographic factors; ethical dilemma; Ethiopia; professional accountancy; professional ethics. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=116842 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ajaafi:v:7:y:2021:i:3:p:205-224 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mohd Shafeeq Author-X-Name-First: Mohd Author-X-Name-Last: Shafeeq Author-Name: Sana Beg Author-X-Name-First: Sana Author-X-Name-Last: Beg Title: A study to assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on digital financial services and digital financial inclusion in India Abstract: It is crucial to conjecture the consequences of the COVID-19 for an economy, to plan its policy and guidelines at present, and to prepare itself for the future. In the finance world it is suggested by health experts to use more and more digital financial services (DFSs). Thus in this paper, we will try to understand the impact of COVID-19 on DFS and digital financial inclusion in India. This research suggests that the impact of COVID-19 is negative on financial inclusion, whereas some DFS were impacted positively. While some DFS have faced the negative as well as neutral impact during this pandemic. Overall it is concluded that the impact on DFS is neutral to date, but with time and with the opening up of an economy, the status of DFS is expected to improve, which in turn will improve the status of digital financial inclusion in India in the future. Journal: African J. of Accounting, Auditing and Finance Pages: 326-345 Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2021 Keywords: corona virus impact; COVID-19 pandemic; digital financial services; DFSs; financial inclusion; digital financial inclusion. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=119206 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ajaafi:v:7:y:2021:i:4:p:326-345 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hasibul Islam Russell Author-X-Name-First: Hasibul Islam Author-X-Name-Last: Russell Author-Name: Jinnatul Raihan Mumu Author-X-Name-First: Jinnatul Raihan Author-X-Name-Last: Mumu Author-Name: Md. Saiful Islam Author-X-Name-First: Md. Saiful Author-X-Name-Last: Islam Author-Name: Md. Abul Kalam Azad Author-X-Name-First: Md. Abul Kalam Author-X-Name-Last: Azad Title: Performance of microfinance institutions in poverty alleviation: mapping the research front Abstract: Despite of a saturated literature on poverty alleviation through microfinance institutions, the link between performance of microfinance institutions and poverty alleviation has much scope to explore. Thus far, only 87 Scopus indexed documents are identified in this field. The aim of this paper is to scientifically map the existing literature using both bibliometric and systematic literature review. The findings of this study reveal the influential aspects of literature in terms of countries, institutions, journals, authors, articles, and topics. This paper also unveils five key research streams in existing literature: 1) social outreach, financial sustainability and poverty alleviation; 2) factors affecting MFIs; 3) efficiency of MFIs; 4) mission drift; 5) Islamic microfinance. Journal: African J. of Accounting, Auditing and Finance Pages: 301-325 Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2021 Keywords: microfinance; poverty alleviation; bibliometric analysis; systematic literature review. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=119207 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ajaafi:v:7:y:2021:i:4:p:301-325 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dorsaf Ben Aissia Author-X-Name-First: Dorsaf Ben Author-X-Name-Last: Aissia Title: Bank diversification, governance structure and the performance of Tunisian listed banks Abstract: This paper examines the relevance of the effect of the bank diversification and the governance structure on the performance of Tunisian listed banks. Using a sample of ten Tunisian conventional banks listed on the Tunis Stock Exchange over a period extending from 2013 to 2019, our study shows that the diversity of assets of the Tunisian banks affects positively their performance. It also identifies that the governance variables, particularly the board size, the institutional ownership and the outside directors on audit committee, play an important role in determining the performance of listed banks. These results confirm that governance matters as it amplify the positive relationship between bank diversification and profitability. Journal: African J. of Accounting, Auditing and Finance Pages: 346-360 Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2021 Keywords: bank diversification; performance; governance structure. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=119212 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ajaafi:v:7:y:2021:i:4:p:346-360 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kenneth Enoch Okpala Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth Enoch Author-X-Name-Last: Okpala Author-Name: Sunday Mlanga Author-X-Name-First: Sunday Author-X-Name-Last: Mlanga Title: Ethics education and accountants' moral character development in Nigeria: an evaluation of Rest's hypotheses Abstract: This study evaluated the effect of accounting ethics education on the accountants' moral character development using the James Rest model of 1983. The research concentrated on teaching ethics courses to accounting in Nigeria. A cross sectional survey research design was applied. Four hundred one participants were the sample population with 270 valid responses returned and analysed. The regression method was employed to test the formulated null hypotheses. The study found that accounting ethics education has a positive and significant effect on the accountants' moral character development. It was concluded that teaching ethics courses to accounting students would aid the development of accountants' moral character and moderate corporate failure. Studies conducted in this area fail to consider ethics and the development of the accountant's moral character using Rest's hypotheses in Nigeria. The omission created gaps in the literature and left the relationship between the variables inconclusive. The current study has explored the relationship between the variables. Journal: African J. of Accounting, Auditing and Finance Pages: 361-385 Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2021 Keywords: ethics; sensitivities; reasoning; motivation; moral character development; accountants; standards; scandals; rest hypotheses; Nigeria. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=119217 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ajaafi:v:7:y:2021:i:4:p:361-385 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael O. Awoleye Author-X-Name-First: Michael O. Author-X-Name-Last: Awoleye Author-Name: Adewale O. Abraham Author-X-Name-First: Adewale O. Author-X-Name-Last: Abraham Author-Name: Oyedepo T. Oyebisi Author-X-Name-First: Oyedepo T. Author-X-Name-Last: Oyebisi Title: ICT-driven channels as innovative service delivery among selected banks in Southwestern Nigeria Abstract: The internet has revolutionised the world activities and has provided various channels to access bank services without any geographical barrier. This study identifies the types and use of ICT-driven service delivery channels; it also determined the effects of the usage on customers with a view to improving the effectiveness of service delivery. Leveraging on diffusion of innovation theory, the research adopted quantitative method to a sample of 414 respondents from three selected states in Nigeria. The result shows that automated teller machines (71.2%), point of sales (40.3), mobile banking (41.4), USSD banking (27.8%) and online banking (29.5%) are prevalent services in the banks. The research also found that 46.2% of the respondents have five years experience in the use of these products. In addition, 45.5% of the respondents reported that the use of the services have become inevitable for their daily business activities. The frequency of ATM use within the selected areas thus may be an indication of the extent of non-compliance with the Nigeria apex bank's mandate on cashless policy. The document thus recommends some useful policy directions to facilitate smooth delivery of ICT-driven channels. Journal: African J. of Accounting, Auditing and Finance Pages: 386-408 Issue: 4 Volume: 7 Year: 2021 Keywords: ICT-service channels; automated teller machine; ATM; point of sale; PoS; online banking; mobile banking; service delivery; bank products; emerging technologies; Nigeria. File-URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=119218 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:ids:ajaafi:v:7:y:2021:i:4:p:386-408